The rise of genre painting in the Northern Song Dynasty is closely related to the emergence of which social class.

The rise of genre painting in the Northern Song Dynasty was mainly due to the emergence of the citizen class.

The genre painting in the Northern Song Dynasty broke through the previous framework of focusing on religion and aristocratic life, and focused on the real life of ordinary people in artistic works, which was manifested in painting, rap and literary creation. Song Dynasty is another big feudal dynasty after Tang Dynasty. The once prosperous economy made Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, become the leading metropolis in the east, and the innovative development of various art forms was related to the national policy of "worshiping and restraining martial arts" of the imperial court to some extent. The prosperity of culture and art in Song Dynasty, especially their painting art, was also a peak of feudal society. Later generations often call it "Tang and Song paintings".

During the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of commodity economy and the increase of urban population, the boundary between "shops" and "cities" was completely broken, and shops could be opened everywhere instead of in a centralized way, which led to the development of cities.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the break of the old workshop system, the division of labor in cities gradually disappeared, so the status of guilds was more important and the organization was more rigorous. In the Tang Dynasty, the commercial areas of some cities extended to the outside of the city, which was called the grass market, and further developed in the Northern Song Dynasty. There are also small cities that open regularly in rural areas. The north is called the market, and the south is called the market, market or market. In the trade of grass market or fair, agricultural products, textiles, bamboo and other daily necessities account for a large proportion, and some production tools are also traded. Some grass markets or fairs, fairs and fairs have gradually developed into fixed towns on the basis of exchange and development. Towns are bridges between cities and villages, and the development of towns is conducive to the prosperity of commodity economy.

Song Li's Map of Salesman (imitation)? With the development of handicraft industry in the south of the Yangtze River, the urban economy was once prosperous, the citizen class was formed and expanded, and the public needed culture, so the corresponding culture was established. In artistic creation, Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, The World Heritage Application of West Lake, Flower Picking in Li Tang, The Country Doctor and The Merchant of Song Li appeared.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan, a typical representative of genre painting, aims at the streets and lanes, faces the people, reflects the lives of ordinary people, and is more popular and popular than emperors, nobles and religious figures. Art walked down the altar and the temple, abandoned the noble value orientation of the vassal and turned to vulgarization.

Zhang Zeduan, a native of Zhucheng, Wu Dong, studied Bianjing in his early years and painting later. Huizong used to work in Hanlin Painting Academy. He created the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and the West Lake Auction Scene to describe the secular life (the original is lost, and now it is a disguised work). His works do not have that kind of scholar-bureaucrat spirit, and most of them take folk life as the theme. In The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, he described the citizens' life and social and economic situation centered on Kaifeng, the capital of the Song Dynasty, which provided vivid historical data for future generations to study the politics, economy, culture and science and technology of the Song Dynasty.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival takes the Bianhe River as a typical environment and depicts the world scenery of various people's activities, buildings and tools at that time, which is of great historical value. On the basis of careful observation, the painter faithfully and meticulously described the gates, streets and lanes of Bianliang City in the Northern Song Dynasty and the bustling scene on the Bianhe River outside the city. There are various commercial activities, handicraft activities, water transport activities on the river and various people's sightseeing activities on the screen. In addition to restaurants, pharmacies and other large shops, there are incense shops, bow shops, small tea shops or wine shops at the crossroads, as well as pawn shops with "Jie" signs hanging in front of them. Carpenters who make wheels, blacksmiths who sell knives and scissors, flower sellers, fortune tellers and various vendors can all be identified one by one. There are all kinds of people in the street, officials riding horses, surrounded by waiters passing through the crowd; Some women ride in small cars. In this noise, some people carry loads, some people drive cars, and the styles of cars are different. Some people are making boats on the river, some are wandering around, and some are leaning against the fence at the door. This lively scene, the painter arranged in an orderly way, mixed but not chaotic, fascinating, and the ancient capital reappeared in front of him.