Classical Chinese has its ups and downs.

1. What are the common words of promotion and demotion in classical Chinese?

(1) worship. Grant a certain official position or title with certain etiquette. For example, "so I don't worship the word" in the preface to the south note means that I don't accept the seal of the prime minister and don't take office

Besides that. Admiring an official and conferring a post, such as "conferring a right prime minister and a Tang dynasty envoy" (the word "except" in the sentence (Chronicle Preface) means conferring an official position.

(3) promote the official position, such as "The Warring States Policy, Strict Policy": "The first king worried too much and stood above the guests."

(4) Job transfer includes promotion, demotion and lateral transfer. In order to make it easier to distinguish, people often add a word before or after the word "move". Promotion is called transfer, transfer and transfer, while demotion is called transfer, transfer and left transfer. Lateral transfer is called job transfer, transfer and post-employment transfer.

(5) Demotion, demotion or transfer to remote areas. The word "demotion" in Yueyang Tower and Tengzhen Guarding Baling County means demotion.

(6) Hu. "Hu" and "Ba, Exemption and Seize" are both dismissals. For example, in Guoyu, "General Hu will stand side by side with the prince".

(7) Resignation and dismissal, including resignation, transfer and dismissal. Resignation and transfer belong to the general situation, and the adjustment of official positions and dismissal are demotions to the people.

(8) begging for bones. Asked to resign and retire when he was old, such as Zhang Hengchuan: "Three years, begging for a minister."

Demote an official: The word "degenerate" means to demote an official. For example, "Chen Shou" and "Chen Shou" can also be used as words. And "demotion" and "demotion"

"Move" can generally refer to promotion or demotion. In ancient times, the right was respected and the left was humble. So "moving to the left" also means demotion.

2. What are the common words of "ascending" and "descending" in classical Chinese? The common words of "ascending" and "descending" in classical Chinese are:

1. development: recruited by the central government office, then recommended and appointed as an official position.

2. Except: appointment and award (generally referring to dismissal of old post and award of new post).

3. Recommendation: The local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central authorities for official positions.

4. Example: The local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central authorities for official positions.

5. Grant: Grant an official position.

6. Selection: Appoint official positions through recommendation or imperial examination.

7. from: re-enabled, any official position.

8. Reply: Restore the original post.

9. Sign: Celebrities in society are recruited by the imperial court to hold official positions.

10. Official.

1 1. Ren: Responsible.

12. Transfer: transfer and transfer. In general, "turn" and "turn" mean transfer; "Move to the right" and "move away" mean promotion; "Move to the left" and "move away" mean demotion.

13. worship: to grant (appoint) an official position according to certain etiquette, which is generally used to promote senior officials.

14. promotion: promotion to a formal position, status or level.

15. Escape: exile and demotion.

16. exemption: recall from the office.

17. Take: cut off and recall.

18. La: Promote people without official positions.

19. Go: remove from office, including resignation, transfer and dismissal.

3. What are the words commonly used to express "ascending" and "descending" in classical Chinese? The words commonly used in classical Chinese to express "promotion" and "demotion" are: recruited by the central government and then recommended for appointment as an official position.

Except: appointment, grant (generally referring to withdrawing old posts and granting new posts). Recommendation: The local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central authorities for official posts.

For example, local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central government for public office. Grant: to grant an official position.

Selection: Appoint official positions by recommendation or imperial examination. From: re-enabled, any official position.

Reply: Restore the original post. Recruitment: The imperial court recruited celebrities to hold official positions.

S: be an official. Ren: undertake, undertake: transfer, redistribution.

In general, "turn" and "turn" mean transfer; "Move to the right" and "move away" mean promotion; "Move to the left" and "move away" mean demotion. Worship: to grant (appoint) an official position according to certain etiquette, which is generally used to promote senior officials.

Promotion: To rise to a formal position, status, or rank. Escape: exile and demotion.

Exemption: recall from the office. Seize: cut off and recall.

Laura: promoting people without official positions. Go: dismissal, including resignation, transfer and dismissal.

4. What words are commonly used in classical Chinese to express promotion and demotion? (1) worship. Give a certain official position or title with certain etiquette. For example, "So I don't worship the word" in the preface to the South Note means that I didn't accept the seal of the Prime Minister and didn't take office. (2) except. Admire the official and let him be, such as "giving the right prime minister a secretary." It means to grant an official position. (3) Propagandize an official position, such as "The Warring States Policy: Yance": "The first king cares more and stands above the princes." (4) Job movement and transfer include promotion, demotion and lateral transfer. In order to facilitate the distinction, people often ". Transfer and reinstatement after leaving the job are called transfer. (5) Officials are demoted or transferred to remote areas. In Yueyang Tower, "Tengzhen defends Baling County" means to demote an official. (6) "Humiliating" and "stopping, exempting, seizing" and dismissal are demeaning people. (8) begging for bones. Old, asked to resign and retire. Zhang Hengchuan, for example, "looked after things for three years, and wrote a letter asking for bone worship. Demote an official: The word "degenerate" means to demote an official.

For example, "Chen Shou" and "Chen Shou" can also be used as words. And "demotion" and "demotion"

"Move" can generally refer to promotion or demotion. In ancient times, the right was respected and the left was humble.

So "moving to the left" also means demotion.

5. Read the classical Chinese and complete the following questions (1)D: The verb juxtaposition phrase of "migrant" takes "thief" as the noun, as the subject, and its previous sentence, excluding A and C; "Lived for two years" is an adverbial of time, and then the sentence is broken, excluding B.(2)C, the ancient official department, one of the six departments, which manages the national school affairs, imperial examinations and the exchanges between governors and foreign countries. (3)A's subjective assumptions are made out of nothing. "Athena Chu has a bad feeling towards the Prime Minister" is groundless in the article. (4)① Yang: "Pretend"; Interest: urging, urging; After the robber was caught again, he pretended to be dead. The guard reported the situation to Liu Zhuo, and he urged him to burn his body. Material: talent through "talent"; Forgiveness: tolerance; Rope: nouns are adverbials, according to laws and regulations. The sentence is translated as: transfer the blame to the state and county, and strictly limit the officials. Officials can't display their talents. If they don't correct it, they should be tolerant and punish him according to the law and regulations. Answer: (1)D(2)C(3)A(4)① After the robber was arrested again, he pretended to be dead and kept watch. Strictly restrain officials, and officials cannot display their talents. Be tolerant of them and punish them according to laws and regulations if they don't correct them. Liu Chuizizheng was born in Pengcheng, Xuzhou. He took the senior high school entrance examination as a scholar, and was transferred to Hunan for promotion. He changed his secretarial job to Zuo Lang and Magistrate of a County, and was later transferred to Yin Ping. Then he was promoted to Dr. Taichang and passed the sentence. After the robber was caught again, he pretended to be dead. The guards reported the situation to Liu Kun, and Liu Kun urged him to burn the body. Liu Kun was promoted to the position of suggestion, and Wang Deyong was ordered to return to Korea from Suizhou. Recently, the minister said that he showed signs of rebellion, and Liu Kun protected him. He was promoted to official of Kaifeng Prefecture, judge of Salt and Iron Division III, and assistant minister in the temple. If he doesn't correct, he will be punished according to law. "Athena Chu was severely punished for Luo Zhi's crimes, when he went to Weihe State to listen to his private funds. After returning to Korea, Athena Chu was promoted to Yuan Wailang, a civil servant in the official department, and was appointed as the salt and iron agreement. People say that Liu Xun knows the mind of the Prime Minister, and Luo Zhi's crime has severely sentenced Athena Chu, so he is given priority. " Liu Xun didn't sit down and hurried out. The eunuch at the temple gate reported the incident, and Liu Xun was found guilty, demoted to Yizhou and transferred to Yanzhou. He was demoted to Haizhou for mistakenly reducing the death penalty of Yizhou prisoners. Later, salt and iron envoys were used to take charge of river and canal affairs. He cut off the water source and dug a new canal in the river to make the water transportation as smooth as before. It coincides with the famine in Jiangnan. Relief for the victims. After pacification, Liu Kun trained local soldiers, trimmed equipment, and cast chains to block the river. Some robbers occupied the mountainous area and refused to surrender. Knowing that the robbers forced the villagers to supply them with food, Liu Kun moved the villagers and cut off the robbers' wages. The robbers surrendered awkwardly and people were able to have a rest. He took office. So he was transferred to Xuzhou. Liu Shu said happily, "I used to be just a civilian who left home with the official, but now I am a third-rate attendant in charge of the village, which exceeded my original expectations." Taking Zuo Si as the magistrate, he was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Longtuge and a magistrate in Gyeongju. Liu Shu was in a low position when he was a teenager, and his mother remarried to a soldier. After he was admitted to Jinshi, he went to the military camp to meet his mother, dressed in royal clothes and holding fluorene. People in his hometown sighed when they saw it. But he especially likes drinking, and the law enforcement is too strict. He was transferred to well-known Michigan and died of illness.

6. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: Question A: Question C: Question D: ① Lu Huaishen thought that his talent was not as good as that of Yao Chong, so he ceded all his affairs to Yao Chong, but he was not arbitrary. At that time, people laughed at him as "the prime minister who accompanied him to dinner."

(2) The Lord is eager for the rectification of the world, but he has been in office for a long time and is a little tired of diligence. I'm afraid someone has ulterior motives and takes the opportunity to appoint. Small problem: (moves: promotion, promotion. )

Small problems: (1) shows its talent, 2) shows its integrity, 5) shows its loyalty to the monarch, and 6) indirectly shows its incorruptibility. ) Small problem: (Lu Huan was praised by the emperor when he was in Shaanxi Province and by the locals when he was in Guangzhou. )

Small problem: reference translation. "Lv Huaishen" is from Sliding State, and it is about a famous family in john young. Grandfather Lu Zun was appointed Lingchang county magistrate, so he became a Lingchang county person.

Lu Huaishen has been extraordinary since childhood, and Han Siyan, a friend of his father's supervisor, lamented: "The talent of this child is immeasurable!" When I grew up, I became a scholar and served as the imperial army. During the dragon years, he was promoted to the imperial history.

In the first year of Kaiyuan, he was appointed as Wei Zihuang. For three years, he served as Huang Menjian.

Wang Xue's uncle Wang Xiantong abused the people. Yu Shitai has investigated and mastered his crime and has filed a case. At this time, another imperial edict ordered Zihui and Huangmen provinces to review the facts. Lu Huaishen and Yao Chong said: "Wang Xiantong's guilt is very clear. If the suggestions can be doubted, how can others believe them? " So the case is closed.

Lu Huaishen thought that he was inferior to Yao Chong, so he gave his own affairs to Yao Chong, but it was not arbitrary. At that time, people laughed at him as "the prime minister who accompanied him to dinner." He also served as an official minister, resigned due to illness and was approved.

After his death, he was posthumously awarded the secretariat of Jingzhou. Leave last words to recommend Song Jing, Li Jie, Li Yin Chao and Lv Congyuan.

Lu Huaishen is honest and thrifty, and does not run industry. There are no luxurious decorations made of gold and jade on clothes and utensils. Although he has a prominent position, his wife and children are still hungry and cold. The wages and gifts I got were given to my relatives and friends without hesitation, and they were given away for nothing, and soon dispersed.

When I went to Du Dong to preside over the election, I only brought a cloth bag. After getting sick, Song Jing and Lu Cong want to visit her. They saw that the mat was thin and torn, and there were no curtains hanging on the door. When it's windy and rainy, they lift the summer mat to shelter from the wind and rain.

It is getting late. There are only two pots of steamed beans and several bowls of vegetables. When he left, Lu Huaishen shook hands with them and said, "The emperor is eager to seek the great government of the world. However, he has been in office for a long time and is a little tired of diligence. I'm afraid someone has ulterior motives and takes the opportunity to appoint.

Remember these words! "For the sake of funeral, no savings were left at home. Xuanzong was going to Du Dong at that time. Zhang Xing, a doctor from the Fourth University, said, "Lu Huaishen is loyal, honest and upright. If he is not well paid, he can't persuade people to do good. "

So he gave his family one hundred pieces of cloth and two hundred grains of rice. After Xuanzong, he traveled to and from the capital and hunted between Hubei and Du. He saw that the wall of Lu Huaishen's house was simple and low, and the family wanted to do something, so he sent envoys to inquire.

The envoy came back and reported that it was a sacrifice to Daxiang twenty-five months after Lu Huaishen's death. Xuanzong rewarded fine silk and stopped hunting. After Lu Huaishen's tomb, the stone tablet has not yet been erected. Xuanzong stopped to watch, tears streaming down his face. He ordered the imperial court to erect a monument for him, and asked Su Xiang, assistant minister of Zhongshu, to draft the inscription, which was written by Xuanzong himself.

Sons Lu Huan and Lu Yi. Lu Huan was clean and honest in his early years, and he was innocent for the officials. He used to be an imperial consultant and a secretariat of Shaanxi Province.

In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan, Xuanzong returned to Chang 'an and stayed in Shaanxi, praising his good governance. He wrote a eulogy in the hall where he worked, saying, "With the important task of secretariat, he was in charge of Shaanxi. I also benefited from everything, and I forgot my body with loyalty.

It's really a national treasure without losing the style of Lu Gong family. "Soon called into the court as assistant minister of the ministry of war.

In the early years of Tianbao, he served as the magistrate of Nanhai County. The South China Sea is a land where land and water meet, and its products are magnificent and rare. Liu Juren and Kun Peng, former governors, were both convicted of accepting bribes, so Lu Huan was appointed as his replacement.

Dirty officials dare not be greedy, and eunuchs dare not interfere with Lu Huan's laws when they come to buy imported goods, so the folk customs in the distance are very stable. At that time, people thought that in the past 40 years, only Song Jing, Li and Lu Huan had managed Guangzhou.

Finally, he was appointed as an official.

7. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the (1)C "You" list of the following questions, in which two sentences are connected, so the first sentence is broken and A is excluded; Here, "send" means the noun "official" and is the object of "seeking", and then the sentence is broken to exclude B; There should be an intermission between two years, excluding D. Emperor Yingzong acceded to the throne and wrote a letter to save unnecessary expenses. Hu Shu then played a song to reduce the tribute to the emperor, and said that the army went to the people to ask for officials, so it disturbed the people and should stop. The emperor agreed. After nine years of orthodoxy, Hu Shu was 70 years old and begged to resign and go home, but he was not criticized as "left-leaning" and "demoted as an official". (3)D "used to be an assistant minister of rites, a guest on the throne of the Prince, an assistant minister of rites, a teacher of the Prince, and a Taibao" is wrong. The original text is "gift to Taibao", and "Taibao" is a posthumous official position. (4)① Department: signature; Department: So, just; Chao: Go to court. Hu Dan refused to sign his name, so he claimed to be ill and didn't go to court for several days. The emperor sent Xing 'an to meet his illness. ② Eat: the first is a verb, eat, and the second is a noun, food; Hunger: people who starve to death; Hunger: open. Sentence translation: pigs and dogs eat people's food and don't know how to stop it; There are people starving to death on the road, and I don't know how to open a warehouse for relief. When people died, they said: It's not my fault, it's because I was too young. Answer: (1)C(2)B (3)D (4)① Hu Dan refused to sign, so he claimed that he was ill and didn't go to court for several days. The emperor sent Xing 'an to meet his illness. 2 pigs and dogs eat people. There are people starving to death on the road, and I don't know how to open a warehouse for relief. When people died, they said: It's not my fault, it's because I was too young. Hu Shu, a native of Wujin, was born with white hair and didn't turn black until a month later. Wen Jian was admitted as a scholar in the second year's exam and was awarded the position of military science. In the first year of Yongle, it was promoted to the Ministry of Housing. Hui Di is in charge. The emperor also suspected. In the fifth year of Yongle (the imperial court), Hu Shu was sent to publish all kinds of imperial books, visit the fairy Zhang slovenly, travel all over the country, and make unannounced visits to the place where the emperor was. Because of this, Hu Shu spent the longest time outside and didn't come back until the fourteenth year of Yongle. Wherever he goes, he occasionally reports people's secrets. When his mother died, he asked to go home and was not allowed to be promoted. Ride a fast horse to visit the emperor in Fu Xuan. The emperor has fallen asleep. When he heard that Uncle Hu had arrived, he got up and called him in. Hu Shu reported everything he heard to the emperor and didn't leave until the fourth watch. Previously, Hu Meng did not arrive. Legend has it that Wen Jian walked from the sea, and the emperor sent Zheng He, the minister, to cross the sea and go to the Western Ocean respectively. At this time, doubts were eliminated. The crown prince supervises the country in Nanjing. So he was ordered to investigate the matter. When Hu Meng arrived, he secretly wrote seven things about the prince's supervision of the country, saying that the prince was honest, respectful, filial and cautious, and nothing else. The emperor was very happy. Injong acceded to the throne, called Hu Meng does assistant minister. He was transferred to the position of guest star of the Prince and served as a drink offering to the Prince of Nanjing. Xuanzong acceded to the throne and still served as assistant minister in does. Hanwang rebelled, Hu. The emperor's reward (the minister who supported the personal expedition) was particularly generous. In the sixth year of Xuanzong, Zhang Ben died, and Hu Shu also worked in the housing department. At that time, the state expenditure was gradually increasing, and Hu Shu's order of tax exemption was always blocked considering the lack of expenditure. Xuanzong once hosted a banquet in the palace for Hu Shu, Yang Shiqi, Xia Yuanji and Qi Yi. The imperial edict was issued to save unnecessary expenses. Hu Shu then played a song to reduce the tribute to the emperor, and said that the army was seeking officials among the people, so it disturbed the people and should be stopped. The emperor agreed. After nine years of orthodoxy, Hu Shu was seventy years old and begged to resign and go home, but he was not approved. Yingzong was taken into exile in the north, and the ministers gathered in the court and wept bitterly. Some people propose to move south. Uncle Hu shows your unswerving determination to future generations. "Only by uniting with assistant minister Yu Qian can we have a firm mind inside and outside the court. When Jingdi ascended the throne, Hu Ying was promoted to be the teacher of the Prince. Wang Wen hated the sins of Lin Cong and Luo Zhi and wanted to kill him. Hu Dan refused to sign, so he claimed to be ill and didn't go to court for several days. The emperor sent Xing 'an to inquire about his illness. He replied, "The veteran is not sick. Very surprised and scared. " Lin Cong was released. Yingzong ascended the throne again, and Hu Meng reluctantly supported the sick body to enter the DPRK, so he asked to leave. The emperor gave a post station a book, silver, paper money and a full set of clothes, and one of his sons gave him an official brocade, which was passed down from generation to generation as the town magistrate. Hu Meng served the kings of the Six Dynasties successively, and was praised by the ruling and opposition for nearly 60 years.