Is the surname of Huangdi Gongsun or Ji? Is the Jade Emperor alone with him?

Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. According to records, Xuanyuan, Xiong and Ji are descendants of Shaodian and Xiong when it comes to Gongsun. Huangdi's mother's name is Fu Bao. Ji is a tribal leader, the legendary monarch of the ancient Chinese nation and the head of the five emperors. The Yellow Emperor is also honored as the ancestor of Taoism, and has a special position in Taoism. Historical information about the Yellow Emperor is very scarce, and it is more credible that there was a man in history. The son of Shaodian, surnamed Gongsun and named Xuanyuan, lives in Xuanyuan Mountain.

The birthplace of Huangdi

Records of the Five Emperors in Historical Records records: "Huangdi is the son of Shaodian, surnamed Gongsun, named Xuanyuan, and Huangdi lives in Xuanyuan Mountain" [see Xuanyuan Mountain for details]. China Ancient Capital Society (a non-governmental organization that confirmed the seven ancient capitals of China) believes that Xuanyuan Mountain is located in Xuanyuan Mountain in xinzheng city, Henan Province, but this view has not been generally recognized by the academic circles. In ancient times, it was the capital of the bear country, and its father was the monarch of the bear country.

Legend 1. The Yellow Emperor was born on the second day of the second lunar month in China's northwest Loess Plateau in the Longjiangguan Gorge. According to legend, the mother of the Yellow Emperor was a girl on the Loess Plateau. One evening (or night), she suddenly saw the Northern Lights, and then she got pregnant and gave birth to the Yellow Emperor.

Legend 2. Before 4856 BC, there was a dragon totem country in Xuanyuanqiu, Xinzheng, Henan Province. The monarch is called Shaodian. He is the 77th emperor of Fuxi Emperor and Nuwa Emperor. His wife has two wives, one is Ren Xian (female Deng) and the other is Deng. They are sisters and daughters of the Xi family. In today's palace in Xuanyuanqiu, Beiguan, xinzheng city, the baby breathed the gas of nature as soon as he was born, and let out a cry of "Wow".

According to China's historical records, he unified the tribes in China after Emperor Yan. There are two versions of its capital in Xinzheng and Zhuolu. He calculated the calendar; Teach people to sow food; Xing characters; Do a dry branch, make a musical instrument, and make medicine. Auspicious time: The emperor made a big noise as Jiazi, and took the ten-day trunk and twelve-day branch as auspicious time, which has been used in the lunar calendar up to now (Jiazi, Ebou, Guihai, * * * 60 years as a cycle), that is, the 60th anniversary of Taoism.

Mathematics: A system for making numbers and setting weights and measures.

Jun: After the wind, you can catch strange pictures and make array methods.

Music: Linglun takes the bamboo in the valley as the flute tube and sets five tones and twelve methods, which are suitable for today.

Clothes: Lei Zu, Princess of the Yuan Dynasty, began to raise silkworms and make silk clothes.

Medicine: Discuss pathology with Qi Bo and write Neijing.

Writing: Cang Xie started writing with six books.

Casting: Making money with copper from Shoushan (Nanwuli, Xiangcheng County, Henan Province).

Others: the invention of ships, bows and arrows, houses, etc.

Today, there are the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor in Qiao Shan, Shaanxi and Lingbao, Henan. According to legend, when the Yellow Emperor was old, he cast a tripod and Lapras ascended to heaven. The courtier fired an arrow to stop it, and the dragon was shot and injured. When he flew over the bridge country, he dropped a boot and buried it here.

The Yellow Emperor and Yandi are considered as the ancestors of the Chinese nation, so China people sometimes call themselves "descendants of the Yellow Emperor".

Legend has it that the first princess of the Yellow Emperor was Lei Zu, and the second princess belonged to Lei Fang, Tong Yu and Mo Mu.

According to Historical Records, "Twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor, fourteen people have their surnames." The monarchs of Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao, Yu Shun and Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties are all descendants of the Yellow Emperor.

Later generations gradually deified the Yellow Emperor. In Zhuangzi, it is mentioned that the Yellow Emperor attained enlightenment and became immortal. The Yellow Emperor in Biography of Immortals can also exorcise immortals.

Legend about the Yellow Emperor: It is said that he was born for dozens of days and can speak. He was alert as a teenager, honest and capable as a youth, and smart and decisive as an adult. There is a bear in Jianguo (Xinzheng, Henan), also called Xiong Ke. When Chiyou was tyrannical, he annexed the princes. At that time, Emperor Yan, the main inventor of agriculture and medicine in the world, had declined. The chiefs attacked each other, and the war continued, causing endless pain. Emperor Yan had no choice but to ask the Yellow Emperor for help. The Yellow Emperor resolutely assumed the responsibility of stabilizing the world. The Yellow Emperor and Chiyou fought in Zhuolu, and the soldiers of both sides were brave and good at fighting. With the help of generals Hou Feng and Li Mu, the Yellow Emperor finally caught Chiyou and punished him, and his ministers addressed him as the son of heaven, replacing Yan Di as the master of the world. Because of its virtue, it is called the Yellow Emperor.

Soon, there was another riot in the world. Knowing that Chiyou's prestige was still there, the Yellow Emperor drew a statue of Chiyou and hung it everywhere. People all over the world think that Chiyou is not dead, but was surrendered by the Yellow Emperor, and more tribes came to join them. Later, Chiyou was honored as the God of War.

Although Emperor Yan was defeated by Chiyou, his strength still exists. He was dissatisfied with the fact that the Yellow Emperor became the master of the world, tried to regain his lost position, and finally rose up and rebelled. Yandi and Huangdi clashed, and the decisive battle was held in the wild of Hanquan. After three fierce battles, the Yellow Emperor won. Since then, the Yellow Emperor's position as the master of the world has finally been established. As the son of heaven, he ordered the world to crack down on any disobedient tribe.

The Yellow Emperor was in power for a long time, with strong national strength, political stability and cultural progress. There are many inventions and productions, such as words, music, calendars, palaces, boats, clothes and compasses. According to legend, Yao, Shun, Yu and Tang Dou are his descendants, so the Yellow Emperor is regarded as the same ancestor of the Chinese nation.

The Yellow Emperor has four concubines and ten concubines. Zheng Fei, Lei Zu of Xiling, personally planted mulberry and raised silkworms, and taught people to spin. He was called "the best silkworm in the world". The second princess is Fang, a famous daughter. Once again, Princess is Tong Yu's surname. The last princess, Mo Mu, was ugly, but virtuous and respected by the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor has twenty-five sons, fourteen of whom have surnames. These fourteen people * * * got twelve surnames, namely: Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Xian (pronounced as "true" after the salty grass), Ren, Xun, Nuo, Yi (pronounced as "Xuan") and Yi.

The Jade Emperor, referred to as the Jade Emperor for short, is also known as the supreme Jade Emperor in heaven and earth and the Jade Emperor in the king of world. Taoist scriptures call it "the heaven of heaven, the golden que of heaven", which is the supreme nature. Milla's wisdom and respect for jade, the deity, is wonderful. According to Shang Gao Jade Emperor Collection, the Jade Emperor is the son of Jingle, the king of heaven, and Wanghoubao. When I was born, I was full of treasures and kingdoms. Minhui, a young man, is very good-looking and kind-hearted. He cherished all the treasures of the country and gave them to all living beings who were poor, destitute, widowed, lonely, helpless, hungry and disabled. After the death of King Jingle, the prince ruled very well, telling the minister that he cared for all beings, and then he gave up his country and went to study in the rock mountain of Pumingxiang. After 3200 robberies, he first proved that Jin Xian was a born emperor, and then he experienced a robbery of 1 100 million. Finally, he proved the Jade Emperor. Song Zhenzong and Song Huizong have holy names. Song Zhenzong's holy name is the imperial calendar of Emperor Tian Kai, which includes the real body, the Jade Emperor and the Great Heaven Emperor. The holy name is the Emperor's Father's Calendar, which contains the real yellow god.

The Jade Emperor is the Emperor of Heaven, the king of immortals and the Lord of saints. Three gods and three immortals are the highest gods and the emperor of all gods. The jade emperor has the power to command nine-day classes and recruit the gods of the four seas and five mountains. All the gods were present, just like the emperors and ministers in the world. Bai Juyi said in a poem: "I admire my family, and I wait on them like a public official." Pay tribute to the Jade Emperor and be sincere before kowtowing. "

The Jade Emperor is the embodiment of Sanqing. Sanqing and the Jade Emperor are like nothingness before splendor, infinity before Tai Chi, inaction before action. Therefore, the Jade Emperor is the master of the three talents, and has always upheld the heaven and mastered the balance between heaven and earth. The Jade Emperor sent Wei Zi North Pole Emperor to take charge of the latitude and longitude of heaven and earth, and Gou Chen Shanggong Emperor to take charge of the three talents of heaven and earth, and the soldiers rotated among the masters. After the distribution, the local tyrant took charge of the fertility of Yin and Yang and the mountains and rivers of the earth. Everything in heaven and earth, everything in yin and yang, is in the hands of the jade emperor.

There are several opinions about the origin of the Jade Emperor in the Taoist immortal system. The Jade Emperor is the highest leader in the sky, equivalent to the emperor on the earth, but his position is lower than that of Sanqing. Later, he was on an equal footing with the four heavenly kings, and Confucianism called him the Emperor of Heaven.

According to the records in Volume 1 of "Fairy Mirror of Past Dynasties", there is a country called Yan Guang Miaole in the sky. The king's name is Wang Shi of Jingde, and his wife is the Moonlight Queen. However, with his kindness and concealment, he has been diligent in practicing the Five Ridges, making the safety and wealth of the people miserable. But it's not enough to be old without children. As soon as truth enters its territory, it will be known that it is sincere and sincere. Huang Lao, a brave man (that is, one of the five old clocks when heaven and earth were opened) said: karma lies. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a saying: What do you really think if you devote yourself to pure emptiness, have a virtuous body, have a son of God, and be designated as a saint of three talents? Huang Lao nodded and immediately blew the wish of Jasper Etta Ursa. This is a baby that fell from the sky. She became a baby. At this time, King Jingde suddenly saw the auspicious light shining in the palace in his bedroom, making it a precious color. There are many etiquette guards who protect a Kowloon chariot and float in the air. Those who sit in the middle and have two wings are all golems. On it, they really hold a child with big ears, thin eyebrows and beautiful eyes, all covered in thin light. The king and queen were very happy. They accepted the gift respectfully and knelt down in front of the road. Erzhen said: I am a fool and have no children. I am willing to ask this child to be my son, but I am sad and willing to listen to Xu. Huang Lao said: this child has extraordinary roots and will prove to be the product of infinite height. You are very good at cultivating it. The king came forward to worship the collar, and the second one was really lifted out of the treasure chair and handed it to him. The king held it in his hand, which was as heavy as a mountain and made him sweat. Suddenly, he thought it was a dream. He called the Queen to speak urgently and saw the same thing. At this point, the king's spirit doubled, and three years later the queen gave birth to a wise prince. Since I was a child, I have left my country to practice Buddhism. After 3200 robberies, I finally got the certificate of Jin Xian, nicknamed "King of Pure Nature". After another 100,000 robberies, it is proved that the Jade Emperor has been holding the gods in the sky.

In the ancient mythical novel Four Travels, it is described that the Jade Emperor has three souls, one of which is incarnated as an ordinary mortal, and how he became the Zhenwu Emperor in the north after several generations of cultivation.

According to the Ming version of Search for God:

"According to the" San Ji "cloud, yesterday's national subjugation was famous, and its king's name was Jingde. After the king, the moonlight is famous. Wang has no children and daughters, and often thinks about it every day; Today, I will be old without a gentleman, and if my body collapses, who will be entrusted with the nine halls of the country? I've been thinking about myself. Even if I order all the people to hang on the covers of various palaces according to various science and education, I will be clean, I will support the Tao at six o'clock, and I will pray for the truth. It's been half a year, and I won't back down. Suddenly, one night, Bao Yue Moonlight Queen dreamed that she was a Taoist monarch. She was pure with all the real jade, driving five-color dragons and jade, big scenes and bright rose light. On the way to the emperor's father, you are sitting on the jade of the dragon, holding a baby, and your pores are shining with billions of lights. The palace is painted with colorful colors and floats in the air in front of the building. At that time, the queen was filled with joy and respectfully accepted the gift. She knelt down and said, "You said that the king has no son today, and I would like to beg this son to be the Lord of the country, and I would like to be kind and sad. "You said to the queen," I hope you have a special gift. " The queen thanked her. After the Taoist monarch, take it After the queen received it, she fell asleep from her dream and was pregnant for one year. She was born in the palace at noon on the ninth day of March. When I was born, I was beautiful and full of kingdom flavor, and the color was wonderful, which was appreciated by all viewers.

The prince grew up under Min Hui's wisdom and charity, and all the treasures of his country were given away. He was extremely poor and lonely, helpless, hungry and disabled all sentient beings. The song of benevolence and poverty is well-known and far-reaching, and the world worships the noble prince. His father and the king spoke highly of him.

Later, Wang died suddenly. The prince ruled the government, looked down on the floating life, and called the minister to succeed. There is a road to abandon the country in Pumingxiu's rocky mountain, and he successfully built a temple. He was plundered for 800 years and often abandoned his country collectively. Therefore, give up love. After 800 robberies here, we used drugs to treat diseases, save all beings and make them happy. This robbery is exhausted, and it has gone through 800 robberies. It is convenient to travel widely, to open the spiritual seal of the Taoist scriptures, to restore righteousness, to perform magical powers, to save the world and save people, and to be quiet and remarkable.

After that, I will go through 800 robberies, and I will lose face when I die. So I gave up my flesh and blood, so I practiced three thousand two hundred robberies, and I began to recruit Jin Xian. Naturally, I felt the seven-day Tathagata. "

According to Song Zhenzong's records, in September of the seventh year, the Prime Minister of Dazhong said to the courtiers: Since Fu Yuan has surrendered, I want to be the title of Jade Emperor with all courtiers in the world. In the first month of the first year of Tiannuo, Yi Di performed a ceremony to the Jade Emperor in the Taichu Hall, saying: The Emperor Tai holds the imperial calendar that carries the true body of the Jade Emperor, the God of Heaven.

According to The Journey to the West, a mythical novel in the Ming Dynasty, the Jade Emperor was born in the Mesozoic Triassic (about 226.8 million years ago). See the seventh time "Great Sage, Five-element Mountain, Escape from the Eight Diagrams Furnace, Make Up Your Mind": "The Buddha laughed and sneered:' You are a refined monkey. How dare you cheat your heart and try to seize the position of the jade emperor? He has been practicing since he was a child and has been robbed 1750 times. Every 129600. You calculate, how many years will it take him to enjoy this endless road? You newborn beast, how dare you talk so big! Not the son of man, not the son of man! Fold your life! Convert early, don't talk nonsense! But I'm afraid I'll be killed in an instant, but it's a pity that you are what you are! Triassic is the first period of Mesozoic. From 250 million years ago to 203 million years ago, it lasted about 50 million years.

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God is man-made, and was named the Jade Emperor by the earthly emperor, and has been the supreme Jade Emperor in the sky for thousands of years.

sacrifice

The jade emperor's birthday is the ninth day of the first month. Taoist Temple will hold Jin Dian, which is called "Jade Emperor's Meeting". Taoists and Taoists attending the ceremony should worship the Jade Emperor and give gifts of "fasting to heaven" to pray for a long life. People in Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces call the Jade Emperor "God". On the ninth day of the first month, people, old and young, fast, bathe, burn incense, worship and chant Buddhist scriptures. In some places, they even sing operas to entertain the gods. In the north of China, there used to be a custom to patrol the village and the street with the jade emperor's sacrifice in hand and the jade emperor's statue on his back. It is said that1February 25th is the day when the Jade Emperor came to earth. In the past, Taoist temples and people had to burn incense and recite scriptures to welcome the Jade Emperor.