Brief translation of various artistic and literary schools

The Confucian school probably came from the official of ancient Si Tuleideng. They assisted the monarch, conformed to nature and preached enlightenment. In his articles on the Six Classics, he paid special attention to the affairs between benevolence and righteousness. They are the noblest of all schools of Taoism, adhere to the etiquette of Zhou Wenwang and King Wu, and respect Confucius as their teacher. Confucius said, "If you praise others, you must try them first." The prosperity of Yu Shun in Tang Yao, the prosperity of Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the virtue of Confucius have all been proved to be effective. However, the confused people have lost the profound and strange truth (in Confucian classics), while the eccentric people follow the crowd and misinterpret the attached scriptures at will, which violates the foundation of the Holy Way and only knows how to gain respect by noisy remarks. Later scholars followed suit, so the truth of the Five Classics broke away from absurdity, and Confucianism gradually declined. That's the evil left by those eccentric Confucian works. ?

The Taoist school may have originated from ancient historians. They constantly record the truth of success and failure, survival and extinction, disaster and happiness, ancient and modern China and foreign countries. Then know how to grasp the key points, grasp the fundamentals, guard quietism, and maintain a modest and weak mentality; This is the way the monarch governs the country. This kind of thought is very consistent with Yao's modesty mentioned in the Book of Changes, and one kind of modesty can get four benefits; This is their strong point. Wild and unruly people who come to practice Taoism will break etiquette and abandon benevolence and righteousness; People think that as long as we adopt quietism, we can govern the country well. ?

The school of Yin and Yang probably originated from holding an official position in astronomy in ancient times. They respect heaven, record the movement of the sun, moon and stars with calendar images, and respect and teach the people to worship and cultivate according to heaven; This is their strong point. When stubborn people come to practice the knowledge of Yin and Yang, they are bound by taboos, stick to the small craft of divination, abandon personnel and be superstitious about ghosts and gods. ?

Legalism probably originated from ancient judges. They reward the inevitable implementation of credit punishment to help promote the etiquette system. The Book of Changes said, "My late king ordered a very severe punishment. This is their strong point. When a villain comes to practice legalism, he should not educate, give up kindness and specialize in criminal law, but want to achieve the purpose of governing the country; As for killing the closest relatives, it hurts people who should be kind and mean. ?

The famous school probably originated from the ancient etiquette official position. Ancient names have different tastes, so the etiquette used is different. Confucius said, "Be sure to correct your birthright! If the name of Zhuhai Adult Toy Factory is incorrect, then it is not appropriate to say it; What you say is not appropriate, then what you do is not successful. This is their strong point. People who like to attack other people's private affairs will only show off some tattered and fragmented words when practicing famous artists. ?

Mohists probably originated from the official position in charge of ancestral temple in ancient times. They live in a house with thatched roofs and rafters, so they are frugal; Supporting big brother is more important to the government, so it advocates universal love; Selecting talents with a big shooting ceremony, so advocating sages; Respect ghosts and ancestors, so respect ghosts and gods; Obey the four seasons, so don't trust fate; Declare the world with filial piety, so advocate the unity of mind; This is their strong point. Short-sighted people come to practice Mohism and only see the benefits of thrift, so they oppose etiquette; Advocating the will of fraternity, I don't know the distance between relatives and friends. ?

The school of strategists probably originated from ancient diplomats. Confucius said, "Reading 300 poems in the Book of Songs and sending him abroad cannot cope with the advance and retreat alone. What's the use of learning a lot? " Confucius praised the emissary of Chi and said, "What a good emissary! What a good messenger! " In other words, the emissary should weigh the advantages and disadvantages of the work, make appropriate disposal, only accept the orders of the emissary, and not accept the words of response. This is their strong point. When evil people come to practice academic discipline, they advocate fraud and betray the integrity that should be observed. ?

The school of saints probably came from ancient government officials. They are compatible with Confucianism and Mohism and integrate famous legalists. They know that the system of governing the country must have the opinions of these factions, and they also see that kingly politics must contend, which is their strength. A dissolute person who comes to practice miscellaneous studies is sloppy and has no central goal. ?

The peasant school probably originated from the official position in charge of agriculture in ancient times. They persuaded people to cultivate mulberry trees to get enough food and clothes. Therefore, the eight most important political affairs in ancient times, the first is the problem of food, and the second is the problem of goods. Confucius said: "We should pay attention to the problem of people's eating. This is their strong point. Humble people come to practice peasant studies, thinking that they don't need wise kings, and they want to make the monarch and the people work together, which violates the order of monarch and minister. ?

The school of novelists may have originated from ancient petty officials. (This faction) is caused by gossip and legends on the road. Confucius said: "No matter how small the skill is, it must be worth seeing;" However, if it is to be implemented for a long time, I am afraid it will not work. A gentleman is unlearned. "But it will not decline. (Novelist) was written by people with little wisdom in the village. You should edit and save it instead of forgetting it. If there is a saying worthy of our adoption, as the ancient woodcutter savage said (with reference value). ?

Of the ten schools, only nine are worth seeing, all because of the decline of kingly politics. In the future, princes conquered each other by force. At that time, monarchs had different likes and dislikes, so nine schools of thought rose one after another. Each quoted one of their theories, praised the benefits of their theory, and used this theory to lobby and cater to the psychology of the rulers. Of course, their remarks are different, just like fire and water, they grow with each other; Just like benevolence and righteousness, respect and harmony, although they are essentially opposite, they are mutually generated. The Book of Changes said: "Although there are different ways of learning in the world, the goals are the same, the thinking is complicated, but the goals are the same." Nowadays, scholars from all walks of life admire the advantages of his theory and exhaust their wisdom and thinking to clarify the essence of his theory. Although each has its own shortcomings, it is found that they all come from the branches of the six meridians. If they meet a wise king and can compromise their ideas, they can all become auxiliary talents. Confucius said, "If you lose your manners, you should look for them in the countryside." The age of saints has passed for a long time. The teachings of saints are incomplete, abandoned and have no place to pursue. Isn't it better to adopt their nine academic schools than to find them in the countryside in the past? If we can understand the theory of the Six Classics, observe and refer to the opinions of these nine schools, get rid of their shortcomings and learn from their strengths, we can get all kinds of ways to govern the country!

Once upon a time, after the death of Confucius, no one could impart concise and profound remarks; After the death of the 72-year-old sage, the interpretation of Confucianism and Confucian classics began to differ. Therefore, Chunqiu is divided into five schools, The Book of Songs is divided into four schools, and The Book of Changes is annotated by several schools. During the Warring States period, the political and military struggles of the vassal states were complicated, and the academic circles were full of real prices and argued with each other. The theory of a hundred schools of thought contend is complicated. In the Qin dynasty, they thought this situation was a disaster, so they burned Confucian classics, hoping to make the people ignorant and benefit the rule. After the establishment of the Han dynasty, it reformed the disadvantages of the Qin dynasty, collected a large number of books, and opened up a wide range of ways to donate books. In the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the characters in books were incomplete, bamboo slips fell off, and the system of rites and music declined to a barren land. The emperor sighed with emotion: "I am very traveling about this!" " Therefore, a book collection government was established and a book copying institution was set up. All the notes and works from Confucianism to hundred schools of thought are kept in the secret government. When he became emperor, he sent Chen Nong, an admirer, to search for the lost books all over the world, ordered Liu Xiang, a doctor of Guanglu, to revise Confucian classics, biographies, books of various schools, poems and songs, ordered a captain of infantry to revise the Art of War, ordered a surname to ask Yin Xian to revise the Book of Numerology, and ordered Li, a wet nurse, to revise the Book of Folk Arts. After each book is revised, Liu Xiang should list the title, summarize the main content, copy it down and report it to the emperor. When the work was about to be finished, it happened that Liu Xiang died. The mourning emperor asked Liu Xiang's son Liu Xin to continue his father's unfinished business. Liu Xin then summarized the contents of all the books that had been sorted out, and then reported his seven views to the emperor, including editing, six arts, various schools of thought, poetry and prose, and fighting skills.

General sequence?

Yesterday, Zhong Ni said nothing, but seventy children lost their sense of honor. Therefore, the spring and autumn period is divided into five, and poetry is divided into four, which is easy for several families to pass down. During the Warring States period, there was a dispute between authenticity and falsehood, and the words of various philosophers were confusing. In the Qin dynasty, it was foolish to burn all the articles. Han Xing changed the defeat of the Qin Dynasty, collected a large number of books, and opened up the road of offering books. At the time of filial piety, books lacked simplicity and bad habits collapsed. The saint blushed and said, "I am very embarrassed!" " Therefore, the strategy of building Tibet, the officials who wrote books, and the legends of various factions are all filled with secret rooms. By the time he became emperor, the books were quite scattered, which made the worshiper Chen Nong ask for a suicide note on earth. Wei Liu Zhao Guanglu, a doctor, passed on the poems of various schools of thought, served as a captain of infantry, wrote the art of war, and ordered Yin to learn mathematics and serve Li's school skills. Every book has been written, read, summarized, recorded and played. When he was about to die, Ai Di was reinstated in the car, and a captain Xin died in his father's business. Xin, so he always plays his seven strategies in a set of books, so he has strategies, six arts, hundred schools of thought, poetry, art books and skills. Have a skill. Delete its essentials today to prepare for the article.

Therefore, children keep an art, and then they can talk all their lives; Be content with what you have learned, destroy what you have never seen, and finally cover yourself up. This scholar is also a great disaster.