Interpretation of Historical Records Biography of Huo Zhi

Reading Comprehension of Historical Records 1 (2) Read the following classical Chinese and complete 8- 1 1. (14)

Gaozu bought wine in Nangong, Luoyang. Gao Zu said, "All the generals dare not hide me, but show it. Why do I own the world? Why did Xiang Jia lose the world? " Gao Qi and the tomb said to each other, "Your Majesty is slow and insulting others, while Xiang Yu is kind and loves others. But your majesty made people attack the city, and all the people who came down were given to others, which was also beneficial to the world. Xiang Yu is jealous of talents, and those who have made meritorious deeds will be harmed. Those who make meritorious deeds are suspicious, those who win are not rewarded, and those who seize land are not rewarded. This is why they lost the world. " Gao Zu said, "The public knows one, but not the other. Husband's strategy is in the tent, and victory is thousands of miles away. I'm not as good as my ovaries. I'm not as good as Xiao He, because I can help the country and the people, and I get paid. Even if it is a million-strong army, we must win the battle and attack it. I am not as good as Han Xin. These three are outstanding people, and I can use them, so I win the world. Xiang Yu has a Fan Zeng, so he can't use it. That's why he was arrested for me. " (selected from historical records)

Note (1) Dare not: Don't. 2 planning: planning. Ovary: Sean's word.

Question 1. Complete the following two questions as required. (6 points)

(1) Explain the meaning of underlined words in the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) Xiang Yu's kindness (2) All his feelings (1)

(4) The tomb of route for providing foodstuff () (4) is opposite the tomb of ().

(2) The underlined words in the following sentences have the same usage as the "zhi" in the example sentences () (2 points).

Example: I can use it. A. The man who looks at it affectionately with great interest (Zuiweng Pavilion). B. On the ridge where he gave up farming (Chen She family). C. Fishermen are very different (Peach Blossom Garden). D. Have a taste of the ancient benevolent heart (Yueyang Tower).

Question 2. Mark two reading pauses in the following sentences with "/". (2 points)

However, it makes people slightly attack the city.

Question 3. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)

(1) This is my reason to escape.

(2) the joy of mountains and rivers, heart and wine. (Zuiweng Pavilion)

Question 4. Try to summarize the reasons why Liu Bang won the world according to the selected articles. (2 points)

answer

Small problem 1( 1)① love; 2 say; 3 broken; 4 answer. (4 points)

(2)C(2 points)

Small problem 1 let people attack the city slightly (2 points)

Small problem 1( 1) That's why I arrested him. (2 points, translation of "so" and "for" should be realized)

(2) Appreciate the joy of mountains and rivers, grasp it in your heart, and pin it on drinking. (2 points, the translation of "De" and "Yu" should be implemented)

Small problem 1 broad-minded (1 minute), good at employing people (1 minute).

Reading and understanding Historical Records (excerpt). In twenty-four years, Wang Wei joined forces with Wang Wei in other places. Wang Wei asked, "Does the King also have treasures?" Wang Wei said, "Nothing." Wang Wei said, "If my country is small, there are 12 pearls (2) and 10 pearls for every passenger before and after the bus (3). Without treasure, how can we take the country of thousands of riders? " Wang Wei said; "I am Bao and Wang Yi. If I have Tan Zi (4), if I keep it, the Chu people will not dare to take it as Koudong, and all the twelve princes will come to the DPRK. If my minister had a son, so that he could keep Gaotang County, Zhao people would not dare to fish in this river. I have a husband, and if I keep Xuzhou, Yan people sacrifice to the North Gate, Zhao people sacrifice to the West Gate, and there are more than 7,000 people who follow me. I have a leader, I can prevent thieves, and then I won't pick up traces. To walk thousands of miles, don't walk twelve times! " Wei Huiwang was ashamed, but he didn't leave.

Note: (1) Tian: hunting. Later, it was called "Zhongzhong". (2) A pearl with a diameter of one inch: a big pearl with a diameter of one inch. (3) shèng: cars and personnel carriers. Including a car and four horses. (4) Tan (tán) word: name. The following "Zi Zi", "Qian Zi" and "Zhong Shou" are all names. ⑸ Si (Si): the shore of Surabaya. [6] Te: only, only. (y): Happy, happy.

1. Among the following sentences, the sentence whose underlined word usage is different from the example sentence is ().

Example: Zhao people dare not fish in the river.

First, cultivate Sun Quan externally and politics internally.

B, West and Zhu Rong, South Fuyiyue.

Third, when the award rate of the three armed forces, north of the Central Plains.

D. sui dong in Qin dynasty.

2. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese.

Wei Huiwang was ashamed and left without regrets.

__________________________________________________

3. What's the difference between Wang Wenwei and Wang Wei's understanding of "treasure"?

__________________________________________________

Reference answer:

1、D

Wei Huiwang was ashamed and left unhappily.

3. Wang Wei's treasure is talent, and Wang Wei's treasure is pearl.

(That's right)

Reading Understanding Historical Records (Excerpt) 3 Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions. (8 points)

After graduating from high school, a company demanded that South Vietnam (2) be forbidden to close the city's ironware. He said: "The emperor set me high to make everyone know. Today, when I am high, I will listen to the courtiers. Don't be different from barbarians and isolate things. This must belong to Wang Gan, Changsha. He will rely on China (3) to destroy South Vietnam and incorporate South Vietnam into the king. He will do it himself. " So Wu Nai, the self-respecting Emperor of South Vietnam, sent troops to attack Changsha, a border town, and lost several counties. Gao sent the general Long to worry that Hou Yi would attack him. It will be hot and humid there, and the foot soldiers will be seriously infected. Soldiers can't cross the ridge. After 40 years old, if you are tall, you will collapse, that is, you will not fight. Therefore, we used soldiers to threaten the border and left property in Fujian, Vietnam, Xi 'ou and Romania. The service belongs to Yan, more than ten thousand Li.

Note (1) 【 Gao Hou 】 refers to Lv Zhi, the empress of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. (2) [South Vietnam] Emperor Gaozu Liu Bangceng named Zhao Tuo the king of South Vietnam. (3) [China] The Han Dynasty was in the Central Plains. (4) 【 long worry Hou Jiao 】 long worry, county name. Qi (ch m 4 n), first name, surname Zhou.

1 Title Use "/"to divide the reading rhythm. ( 1)

Gao Hou sent general Long to worry about Hou Jiao's attack.

Question 2: Explain the underlined words in the text. (3 points)

(1) If you want to lean on China () (2) It's arrogant () (3) Soldiers can't cross the ridge ().

Question 3: What is the reason why Zhao Tuo thinks that South Vietnam can't be banned from buying ironware in the border market? (2 points)

Question 4: Why did Zhao Tuo send troops to attack King Changsha? (2 points)

answer

Small problem 1 high queen/send generals to worry about Hou/attack it

Question 2: Depend on it and cross it.

Question 3: Emperor Gao once made him the king of South Vietnam, and the two sides can exchange envoys and materials. It is unkind to cut off the source of the utensils they need now.

Question 4: Because he thinks that the ban on trading in the South Vietnam market is the slander of the King of Changsha on Queen Gao. King Changsha wanted to destroy South Vietnam by the influence of the Han Dynasty in the Central Plains, and he was very ambitious.

Reading and understanding "Historical Records (Excerpts)" has lived for 15 years, and Jinjing's illness is commendable. When he asked Han Xian, knowing that it was Zhao alone, he said, "After the great cause was completed, the Zhao family died in Jin. How about that? Derived from the middle, all got surnames. By the middle of Yan State, Bird Face, Emperor Yin, and the Imperial Capital of Zhou Dynasty were well-known. There is no way to be quiet and complete, but my uncle took Zhou, and he felt honored in advance. As for Cheng Gong, he made meritorious service in the world without sacrifice. Today, my monarch alone destroyed Zhao Zong, and the Chinese people mourned, so I saw the turtle plan. Only you can figure it out. " Q: "Does Zhao have any descendants?" Han Jue is telling the truth. So Han Jue wanted to make Zhao an orphan and called him into the palace. The generals asked questions, and Gong Jing met Zhao Gu because Han Jue's people threatened the generals. Zhao Benming is Wu. The generals had no choice but to say, "In the past, when it was difficult to enter the palace, Tu'an Gu obeyed the monarch's orders and ordered his ministers. If not, who dares to do it! Because of his illness, all the ministers are solid, so please stand behind Zhao. Now that you have a life, the princes are also original. " So he told Wu Zhao and Cheng Ying to worship all the generals, and opposed Cheng Ying and Wu Zhao to attack Tu'an Gu and destroy their families. Meet Zhao Wutian again. (Excerpted from Historical Records. The orphan of Zhao)

Question 1: The meaning and usage of the word "zhi" in the following sentences are the same as those in "seeking truth only by the monarch" (2 points).

A. A tough official came to my hometown.

B. Yellow Crane Tower-Meng Haoran's farewell on his way to Yangzhou

C.10,000 kinds of acceptances, without distinguishing propriety and righteousness.

D.what's wrong with it

Question 2: One of the following mistakes in understanding the content of the article is () (2 points)

A. Duke Jing of Jin was ill, and after divination, he said that the descendants of Daye were not going well, so he was surprised.

B. After Han Jue told the orphan Zhao that he was still alive, he discussed with Han Jue to set up the orphan Zhao, first find him and hide him in the palace.

C. The generals entered the palace to greet Gong Jing's illness. When the generals saw the orphan of Zhao, they immediately promised to help the descendants of Zhao.

With the help of the generals, Cheng Ying and Wu Zhao attacked Tu'an Gu and destroyed his family. .

Question 3: Explain the underlined words in the following sentences (4 points)

(1) What to do in advance: _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) Mourning of China people: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) Han Jue has a solid report: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Question 4: Translate the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) The generals asked questions, and Gong Jing met Zhao Gu because of Han Jue's threat to the generals. (2 points)

The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Then Wu Zhao and Cheng Ying were called to worship the generals, and they fought with Cheng Ying and Wu Zhao to attack Tu'an Gu and destroy their homes. (2 points)

Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Reference answer:

Question 1:(2 points) c

Question 2:(2 points) c

Question 3:(4 points) ① Feel sad (or "pity") ③ Completely ④ (if) No.

Question 4:(4 points) (1) People will enter the palace to meet Gong Jing's serious illness, and Gong Jing relies heavily on Han Jue. Many followers forced the generals to see Zhao's orphan. (0.5 point for each factor, cause, cause and threat)

At that time, Wu Zhao and Cheng Ying were asked to thank the generals one by one. Instead, he attacked Tu'an Gu with Cheng Ying and Wu Zhao and destroyed his family. (0.5 points for the content of worship, obedience, opposition and omission)

Reading and understanding historical records (excerpt) 5 Read classical Chinese and complete the next question. (19)

Laozi said: to the extreme, neighboring countries are facing each other, and the voices of chickens and dogs are heard. People are willing to eat their food, wear their beautiful clothes, keep their customs safe and enjoy their jobs until they die. It is almost impossible to draw people's eyes and ears in modern times to serve this.

Tai Shigong said: Before Fu Shennong, I didn't know myself. Since the beginning of summer, as the poem says, my eyes and ears are eager to look good and listen well, my mouth is eager for low taste, my body is comfortable and happy, and my heart boasts the brilliance of potential energy. It has made vulgarity popular for a long time, and although it is difficult to talk about it, it will not change. Therefore, if a good person does it, he will benefit it, if he teaches it, he will be neat, and the bottom will compete with it.

Fujian is rich in timber, bamboo and jade, Shandong is rich in fish, salt, lacquer, silk and silk, and Jiangnan is rich in catalpa, ginger, cinnamon, gold, tin, tortoise shell, pearl, tooth, leather, Longmen, Jieshi Beituo, cattle, sheep, fur and tendons. Copper and iron are thousands of miles away. This one is bigger, too. They are all loved by the people of China, and they are well-fed and have tools for life and death. So wait for the farmers to eat, and the danger will come out. It is made up of work and business. Is there a period of political and religious levy in Jinning? Everyone is allowed to do what he can and try his best to get what he wants. So cheap things are expensive, and expensive things are cheap. Everyone suggests his industry and enjoys it. If he goes underwater, he will come uninvited, and the people will come uninvited. Isn't it a symbol of Tao, but a test of evil by nature?

Zhou Shu says: If you can't get out of agriculture, you will be short of food; if you can't get out of work, you will be short of things; if you can't get out of business, you will be short of money. There is little money, but mountains and rivers can't open. These four things are the source of food and clothing for the people. It turns out that the big one is forgiveness, and the small one is fresh. The upper class has money, and the lower class has money. The way of the rich and the poor, don't take it, the skillful one is more than enough, and the humble one is insufficient. Therefore, the squire hoped to be sealed in the camp hill, the land was full of brine, and there were few people, so the squire advised her to be a woman, extremely skilled, and after passing the fish and salt barrier, the characters returned. So Guan Qi wore clothes and shoes all over the world, and Haidai got together and went to North Korea. After that, the State of Qi declined, managed and established nine clans, so the Duke of Huan was the hero and nine Wang Ping ruled the world. The Guan family also has three returns, and it is in the position of accompanying ministers among the kings of various countries, and it is extremely rich. It is based on qi's prestige.

Therefore, the granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace. Rites are born with something, but abandoned with nothing. Therefore, a gentleman is rich and good at his virtue; Little people have money and can do what they can. Deep and fish live, mountains are deep and beasts go, and people are rich and benevolent. The rich gain power, the poor lose power, and the guests are idle and unhappy. Yidi is very helpful. As the saying goes, the son of a thousand daughters will never die in the market. This is not empty talk. Therefore: the world is bustling, all for profit; The world is bustling for profit. The king of thousands of people, the king of thousands of families and the king of hundreds of families are still poor, but what about the people who form a family!

Note (1) pull, that night. ② Straw: refers to the meat of livestock. ③ Miao: The same. ④ Danger: The official responsible for the production of Linshan Chuanze refers to the person who develops Linshan Chuanze. ⑤ Three treasures: food, food and wealth. Absolutely: no circulation. ⑥ Brine: Saline-alkali land, not suitable for cultivation.

(Excerpted from Biography of Historical Records and Huo Zhi)

1. In the following sentences, the explanation of the additional words is incorrect ().

A. Before Fu Shennong, I didn't know I passed: I passed.

B. Therefore, good people take it as their motivation, and the second way to benefit the Tao is to guide and guide.

C. Give them career advice and enjoy their work. Suggestion: Encourage.

D. the villain has money to adapt to it. Comfortable: Right, right.

2. In the following sentences, the group with the same usage and meaning is ().

A. the sea gathers and goes to the DPRK, and the gods are complacent.

B. Don't take what you want from Hu Weiwei?

C. if you can't farm, you will be short of food. This is not what I call spreading the word to solve its confusion.

D. then Huan gong would like to worship the table and hear about it.

3. The following analysis and summary of the relevant content of the original text is incorrect ()

A. Lao Tzu's idea of a small country and few people doesn't work in the world, because people pursue comfort and enjoyment; For human desires, the best way for rulers is to let nature take its course.

B. Natural products are abundant everywhere, but only when the government actively and forcefully coordinates various economic categories can agriculture, security and industry and commerce go their own way and people live and work in peace and contentment.

C. When Jiang Taigong's economic foundation was weak and Guanzhong countries declined, both of them implemented the policy of economic development. Because of the prosperity of Qi State, it has also made nine kings dominate the world.

D. People all over the world, from the emperor to the common people, all seek wealth and wealth, and worry about poverty and lowliness. Only when life is rich, gentlemen like to do just things, and ordinary people know manners.

4. Translate the underlined sentences in the first volume of classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (10)

(1) made this custom gradually popular for a long time. Although people say it's embarrassing, it won't change. (5 points)

A:

(2) These four factors are the origin of people's food and clothing. It turns out that the big one is forgiveness, and the small one is fresh. (5 points)

A:

Reference answer:

1.d (applicable: applicable, extended to be used in appropriate places)

2.c (both pronouns, then. A conjunctions, pronouns indicating modification/cause and effect, and symbols of prepositional objects; Verb, to. D preposition, because/conjunction, indicates the purpose. )

The third paragraph of the original text emphasizes the automatic adjustment of social economy, and the people spontaneously develop production and live and work in peace. )

(1) Long-term influence on people's minds is to persuade people from door to door with implicit words (like Laozi's), but it will not change people's minds after all. (Make, gradual, although, culture and household say that the adverbial of this argument is followed by 1 minute)

(2) These four industries are the origin of people's eating and dressing. If the source is rich, you will have plenty of food and clothing; If the source is insufficient, you will be short of food and clothing. (Omitted four ingredients, raw, raw, fresh and supplemented, each got 1)