Cultural common sense

1. Common knowledge of ancient river god culture

River God, usually called Yellow River Water God, is the most influential river god among the ancient Han people in China. After the establishment of Yin, he attached great importance to the sacrifice of river gods.

With the establishment of the River Temple, the worship of local river gods was very active during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. "Historical Records of the Zen": With the Qin Dynasty, the gods and spirits of famous mountains and rivers that officials often worship can be obtained and ordered. Water, like a river, is transferred to gold. "Four Notes on Etiquette in Old Tang Dynasty": (Tang Xuanzong Tianbao was six years old) He read Feng Lingyuan Gong. Song Zhi Li Ba: In the first year of Renzong Kangding, Numa River was read as the source king of the Holy Spirit. Shun Di Ji of Yuan History: In the eleventh year, Jiafenghe recited the name of God and the spiritual source blessed King Hongji.

The name of the river god is Hebo, also known as Hebo; Hebo's real name, Feng Yi (or a soldier's instrument, but no instrument), was first found in Zhuangzi, Chu Ci, Shan Hai Jing and so on. In Selected Works, Shan Li noticed that Sichuan was followed by Hebo, and Yu Qiang was taken as Hebo in Searching for the Gods of Three Religions.

Rebuilding the map of the six dragons and fish river: the name of the river is Gongmingzi, and the name of the wife is Fengming Yijun. Hebo's surname is Gongzi and Mrs. Feng. The ancient sage wrote: "Feng Yi, a native of Hongyang, lived in the abandoned Guandi Road, where he was given eight stones and got a narcissus named Hebo.

"Wild West": There are people riding white horses on the surface of the West Sea, with Zhu chasing his head and wearing a white crown; From ten boys, galloping on the sea of Maas, flying around like the wind, he was named the envoy of Hebo.

Map of True Spirit: Taiqing is on the right, Hebo (supplemented by enlightened people) Volume 14: Hebo people face, riding two dragons, one day with ice wings, one day with phoenix wings, and then returning to face fish. "synopsis of the golden chamber" says a feng Xun (a revised draft); "River Map" says that the surname is easy; "Mu Tian Zi Zhuan" said nothing; "Huainanzi" said Feng Chi; "Sage" said, take eight stones, get daffodils, "Bao Puzi" said, throw yourself into the river in August.

Immortals in Past Dynasties Look in the Mirror, Volume II; Feng Yi, a snake-faced man in Bing Xu, was the first person in charge of the township. A taste of Hua Yin suits the stone, and you will get the way of flooding in Ling Bo. In the north, I live on the mountain of Hanyang Mausoleum, and I talk to you. Explore from the deepest, go deep into three aspects, and learn from Xuan Ming the method of chaos. When I got up, I saw a bird sucking water and sprinkling water, and turning it into rain. Bing Xu and the waterfront, always attract each other and get familiar with each other, can buy bosom sleeves, named Shang Yang. Wu was born in Youchao's family, and specially adopted the essence of rain and dew, which can be strong or small, the sea can be dry, and the plateau can't be given. (Press: It is helpful to fight against the Yellow Emperor in particular. )

The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties Volume 15: The Yellow River, Hebo.

Besides, there are river gods and river weather.

True Spirit Bitmap: Taiqing Right: He Hou.

"Ancient and Modern Book Integration, Divine Canon" Volume 27 cited "Hua County Records" in the south of the county. The river in handong county decided that three satrap statues filled the river with their own bodies, but the water was gone. And the pawn, the people are waiting for the river.

The local river god and the sacred queen of Yinhe

"Continuation of the General Examination and Group Examination" III: In the twenty-seventh year of Dading, the Yellow River Shentian in Zhengzhou County entered the temple, and the temple was endowed with spirit, virtue and benefit. Shangshu Province said: Shenghou Temple in Yin He County, Zhengzhou, suffered from the river in the previous generation, and was added to the temple after repeated prayers. Today, due to prayer, the river flows smoothly, begging for praise and giving. Since the Qing dynasty, the emperor has given a special amount, and at the age of 18, the county guards the Spring and Autumn Festival.

Xiao Shenyang Chen Ping

"Month Order Generalized Year Order One": The river god is Chen Ping, the country of Han Dynasty. "Three Religions Seeking the Source of God" Volume II: He Du, Ping Ye. In the Tang Dynasty, the word "Gong" was sealed, and then the word "Gong" was added. The holy dynasty sealed the word "King Lingyuan Hongji".

Small Shenyang Taifeng family

"The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties" Volume 1: There was once a Taifeng dwelling in Heshan, which was a five-fold folk song, but it was only the ninth capital of the river. Thailand appreciates good deeds, rides a horse, goes in and out lightly, and moves the spirit of heaven and earth. People call it Ji Shen, but they say it is not a river god.

Jinlong siwang

"General Examination of Qing Dynasty Documents: Group Examination" II: Three years of Shunzhi, given to Tongji God. I want to make an analogy: it is published in Congress; Thank God for the name, Zhejiang native, Sixian, studying in Jinlong Mountain. Ming Jingtai built a temple in Shawan. Gaichong has been doing it for a long time. It's even sealed. Temple ancestor Suqian, from He Chenqing also.

2. Common sense of ancient river god culture

River God, usually called Yellow River Water God, is the most influential river god among the ancient Han people in China. After the establishment of the Yin Dynasty, great attention was paid to the worship of river gods, and a river temple was established. The worship of local river gods was very active during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

"Historical Records of the Zen": With the Qin Dynasty, the gods and spirits of famous mountains and rivers that officials often worship can be obtained and ordered. Water, like a river, is transferred to gold.

"Four Notes on Etiquette in Old Tang Dynasty": (Tang Xuanzong Tianbao was six years old) He read Feng Lingyuan Gong. Song Zhi Li Ba: In the first year of Renzong Kangding, Numa River was read as the source king of the Holy Spirit.

Shun Di Ji of Yuan History: In the eleventh year, Jiafenghe recited the name of God and the spiritual source blessed King Hongji. The name of the river god is Hebo, also known as Hebo; Hebo's real name, Feng Yi (or a soldier's instrument, but no instrument), was first found in Zhuangzi, Chu Ci, Shan Hai Jing and so on.

In Selected Works, Shan Li noticed that Sichuan was followed by Hebo, and Yu Qiang was taken as Hebo in Searching for the Gods of Three Religions. Rebuilding the map of the six dragons and fish river: the name of the river is Gongmingzi, and the name of the wife is Fengming Yijun.

Hebo's surname is Gongzi and Mrs. Feng. The ancient sage wrote: "Feng Yi, a native of Hongyang, lived in the abandoned Guandi Road, where he was given eight stones and got a narcissus named Hebo.

"Wild West": There are people riding white horses on the surface of the West Sea, with Zhu chasing his head and wearing a white crown; From ten boys, galloping on the sea of Maas, flying around like the wind, he was named the envoy of Hebo. Map of True Spirit: Taiqing is on the right, Hebo (supplemented by enlightened people) Volume 14: Hebo people face, riding two dragons, one day with ice wings, one day with phoenix wings, and then returning to face fish.

"synopsis of the golden chamber" says a feng Xun (a revised draft); "River Map" says that the surname is easy; "Mu Tian Zi Zhuan" said nothing; "Huainanzi" said Feng Chi; "Sage" said, take eight stones, get daffodils, "Bao Puzi" said, throw yourself into the river in August. Immortals in Past Dynasties Look in the Mirror, Volume II; Feng Yi, a snake-faced man in Bing Xu, was the first person in charge of the township. A taste of Hua Yin suits the stone, and you will get the way of flooding in Ling Bo.

In the north, I live on the mountain of Hanyang Mausoleum, and I talk to you. Explore from the deepest, go deep into three aspects, and learn from Xuan Ming the method of chaos.

When I got up, I saw a god bird absorb water and sprinkle it on the ground, turning it into rain. Bing Xu and the waterfront are always attracted to each other, and they are familiar with each other. They can buy bosom sleeves, named Shang Yang. Wu was born in a family of Youchao, and specially adopted the essence of rain and dew, which can be strong or small, and the sea can be dry, and the plateau can't be given.

(Press: It is helpful to fight against the Yellow Emperor in particular. ) The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties Volume 15: Yellow River, Chengshen Hebo.

Besides, there are river gods and river weather. True Spirit Bitmap: Taiqing Right: He Hou.

"Ancient and Modern Book Integration, Divine Canon" Volume 27 cited "Hua County Records" in the south of the county. The river in handong county decided that three satrap statues filled the river with their own bodies, but the water was gone.

And the pawn, the people are waiting for the river. There is also a local river god, after the sage Yin He, "the continuation of the general examination, the group examination". Third, in the twenty-seventh year of Dading, the Yellow River Shenhao field in Zhengzhou County was added to help the sages, and the temple was endowed with spiritual benefits.

Shangshu Province said: Shenghou Temple in Yin He County, Zhengzhou, suffered from the river in the previous generation, and was added to the temple after repeated prayers. Today, due to prayer, the river flows smoothly, begging for praise and giving.

Since the Qing dynasty, the emperor has given a special amount, and at the age of 18, the county guards the Spring and Autumn Festival. Chen Ping, the god of the river, wrote the preface to the month and the year: Chen Ping, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, was the god of the river.

"Three Religions Seeking the Source of God" Volume II: He Du, Ping Ye. In the Tang Dynasty, the word "Gong" was sealed, and then the word "Gong" was added. The holy dynasty sealed the word "King Lingyuan Hongji".

The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties by Tai Feng, the river god, Volume 1: Sometimes Tai Feng lives in Heshan, which is a five-fold folk song, but it is only the capital of nine rivers. Thailand appreciates good deeds, rides a horse, goes in and out lightly, and moves the spirit of heaven and earth.

People call it Ji Shen, but they say it is not a river god. The second part of "General Examination and Group Examination of Qing Dynasty Literature" by the four kings of Jinlong: three years of Shunzhi, dedicated to the god of poverty alleviation.

I want to make an analogy: it is published in Congress; Thank God for the name, Zhejiang native, Sixian, studying in Jinlong Mountain. Ming Jingtai built a temple in Shawan.

Gaichong has been doing it for a long time. It's even sealed.

Temple ancestor Suqian, from He Chenqing also.

3. What should we pay attention to when collecting common sense of ancient culture in China?

There are roughly three situations of calling people by their first names: (1) claiming their first names or calling them by their first names.

Such as "Within five steps, please ask the king to spill blood on his neck" and "Luling Wen Tianxiang preface his poems". (2) for introduction or biography.

For example, "Sui and Lu Su are both interested in Sun Quan" and "Liu Jingting is from Taizhou". (3) people who are disgusted and despised.

For example, "Unfortunately, Lu Shimeng is evil in the former, but flattering in the latter". The ancients named it "Cheng Zi" when they were young, and took the word (male 20 years old, female 15 years old) when they came of age. There is a meaningful connection between words and names.

Chinese characters are for the convenience of others, courtesy and respect for peers or elders. For example, Qu Ping is Qu Yuan, Sima Qian is Sima Zichang, Tao Yuanming is Tao, Li Bai is Du Fu, Han Yu is Han tui, Liu Zongyuan is Liu Zihou, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Yongshu, Sima Guang is Sima Junshi, Su Shi is Su Zizhan, and Su Zhe is Su Ziyuan.

Book names are also called alias numbers and table numbers. The fundamental difference between a name, a character and a number is that the former is decided by the father or elder, while the latter is decided by himself.

Number, generally only used to claim to express some interest or express some emotion; The address of a person is also a kind of honorific title. Such as: Mr. Wu Liu, Li Bai's Qinglian Jushi, Du Fu's Shaoling Yelao, Bai Juyi's Xiangshan Jushi, Li Shangyin's Yuxi Sheng, He's self-proclaimed Siming Fancy in his later years, Ouyang Xiu's Drunk, Liu Yi Jushi in his later years and Wang Anshi's Mid-Levels in his later years.

In ancient posthumous title, after the death of princes, senior officials and famous scribes, they were called posthumous title. For example, Tao Yuanming's name is Jing Shi, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Wenzhong, Wang Anshi is Wang Wengong, Fan Zhongyan is Gong, Wang Ao is Su Gong, Zuo Guangdou is Zuo Gong, Shi Kefa is Shi Zhonglie Gong, and Lin Zexu is Lin Wenzhong Gong.

Calling Qin Gui Minister is a kind of "evil death". Calling a vegetarian name means calling it by a vegetarian name or room number.

For example, Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, called Zhai Wei, and people called him Yang. Yao Nai is called Mr. Bao and Mr. Bao because of his name. Another example is Pu Songling's name is Mr. Liaozhai, Liang Qichao's name is the owner of the icehouse, and Tan Sitong's name is Tan Zhuangfei (his fasting name is Zhuangfei Building).

According to legend, Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was from Xiangyang, so he was called Meng Xiangyang. Zhang Jiuling is from Qujiang, so he is called Zhang Qujiang. Liu Zongyuan is a native of Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), so he is called Liu Hedong; Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty, so people called him King Linchuan. Tang Xianzu, a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty, was named Tang Linchuan (Linchuan, Jiangxi). Gu, a beginner in Qing Dynasty, was born in Kunshan Town, Jiangsu Province, and was called Gu. Kang Youwei is a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, known as Kang Nanhai; Yuan Shikai, the leader of Beiyang warlord, is called Yuan Xiangcheng (from Xiangcheng, Henan). There is a famous couplet full of irony in the late Qing Dynasty: "Hefei, the prime minister, is thinner than the world, and Changshu, the farmer, is barren."

The first couplet "Hefei" refers to Li Hongzhang (from Hefei, Anhui), and the second couplet "Changshu" refers to Weng Tonghe who was born in Changshu, Jiangsu. Although Han Yu, known as the king of the county, was born in Heyang, Hanoi (now Meng County, Henan Province), Han Yu often called himself "Changli Han Yu", because the Han surname of Changli (now Yixian County, Liaoning Province) was an aristocratic family in the Tang Dynasty, so the world called him Han Changli.

For another example, Su Shi was originally from Meizhou, Sichuan, but he sometimes called himself "Su Shi in Zhao County" and "Su Zhao County" because Su Shi was a noble family in Zhao County. It is called "Sun Qiulu is smart and kind", and "Sun Qiulu" is Sun Quan, so it is called because he was once awarded the position of General Qiu Lu.

In Meihualing, there are some sentences, such as "coming from the north" and "Yan Taishi uses his troops wisely, and Wen Shaobao uses his troops to make a bright future". Running is Hong Chengchou's official position, a surname is the provincial name of Yan Zhenqing's official position, and Shaobao is Wen Tianxiang's official position. "Book with Wife": "Sima Chun shirt, you can't learn too much."

"Sima" refers to Bai Juyi, who was once a Sima in Jiangzhou. It was quite common to use official names as titles of people in ancient times, such as calling Jia Yi Jia Taifu; Ruan Ji, one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", used to be a captain of the infantry and was called Ruan Infantry in the world. Ji Kang once worshipped Zhong Sanyi, who was known as Zhong Sanyi in the world. Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a general of the right army, and people still call him Wang Youjun. Wang Wei, formerly known as Shangshu Youcheng, was called Wang Youcheng. Du Fu is called the left scavenger, and he is also called Du Gongbu because he is a foreign minister. Liu Yuxi used to be a guest of honor of the prince and was called Liu Ke. Liu Yong was the foreign minister of wasteland, known as Liu wasteland; Su Shi was once a bachelor of Hanlin in Duanmingtang, and was called Su.

The title of "training frugality to show health" is "the luxury crown in recent years", the title of Kou Zhun is Lai Guogong, and Lai Gong is a provincial title. In Meihualing, Duoduo was named Prince Yu by the Qing Dynasty.

Liu Jingting biography: "Ningnan South, Anhui Shuai wants to marry Ningnan, Gongting in the shogunate". Ningnan was the provincial name of Zuo Liangyu in the late Ming Dynasty. For example, Zhuge Liang was once conferred the title of marquis of Wu, so later generations are commensurate with marquis of Wu; Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, attacked the title of Xie Xuan, his ancestor, and he thanked him in the past. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, it was named Zheng Guogong, so it was called Wei in the world. Guo Ziyi, a famous soldier, was named Guo Ziyi and called "Guo Fenyang" for putting down the Anshi Rebellion. Chu Suiliang, a great calligrapher, was named Duke of Henan, known as Chu Henan in the world; In the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi was named King Gong Jing. Sima Guang was once named the Duke of Wen, and the world called Sima Wengong. In the early Ming Dynasty, Liu Ji, the minister of Zhu Yuanzhang, was knighted with sincerity, and people were commensurate with sincerity.

Official land refers to the place name of official land. Such as "Battle of Red Cliffs": "What does Yuzhou want now?" Because Liu Bei used to be the secretariat of Yuzhou, he called it an official place.

Another example is Jia Yi, who was once dismissed as Teacher Wang of Changsha, and was known as Jia Changsha in the world. Kong Rong, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an", was once a Beihai phase, known as Kong Beihai in the world; Tao Yuanming was once the magistrate of Pengze County, and was known as Tao Pengze in the world. Luo was once the magistrate of Linhai County, and was known as Luo Linhai in the world. Cen Can used to be a secretariat, known as CenJiaZhou; Wei was once the secretariat of Suzhou, known as Wei Suzhou in history; Liu Zongyuan used to be the secretariat of Liuzhou, known as Liu Liuzhou in the world; Jia Dao used to be the master book of Changjiang County, known as Jia Changjiang in the world, and his poetry collection was called Changjiang Collection. Also known as "Travel to the Mountain", there are four people, Lu's father, his father and Changle Wang.

4. Common sense of ancient culture

1, panting, we brush Orion, and it's difficult to pass through Jingxing.

It is almost as difficult for friends to meet each other as the stars in the morning and evening. Give Chu Shi eight guards.

Things are different, and the dragon light shoots the bull's eye.

Far away, Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.

Day and night are as cool as water, lying and watching cowherd and weaver girl.

Huang Tingjian's "Song of 28 Nights without Complaints": The tiger stripped the article to solve the problem, and the food could not be swallowed. The roots of medicinal materials were dug up, and honey insects took the house and were hungry. If you have the will, you will die smart, but what you say is not as good as the tortoise dragging its tail. Wei Ping is outspoken, and bucket handle will be the ambassador. The fox's armpit is the same as the cow's clothes, and no woman is alone in the high hill. It's a real disaster to praise people in vain, and it's dangerous for me to be tired of chess. The room is filled with condensed dust, and the four walls can see the world. Wei Xiao's hoof is fattening, and Lou Pig loves it. Fill your intestines into your stomach, and you will know each other, and in the end you will not doubt it. Since ancient times, Huang Jintai has had a life, and Pei Jun has been waiting for a word. The moon does not participate in cross pity, and the autumn wind falls into the golden well. Half of my old friends are in ghost records, and willow branches give you a horse policy. At the age of 30, Yan Xing looked back at Sheng De, and Zhang Gong shot at Wu Luo with great strength. There is no enami on Bai Ou's wings. It's no use killing you through the back door.

On duty 28 nights, rain or shine:

Spring:

The wall of the virtual danger room is rainy. If Kuixing is sunny, windy and freezing, the well is warm and sunny, the well is dark, easy to clear, rainy in two stars, or windy and sandy, stormy at the tail of the house, and rainy in the skip.

Summer:

The wall of the virtual danger room is half cloudy and half sunny. It rained in Kuilou's stomach for two nights. It rained for two nights and was cloudy for two nights. Is it sunny or rainy for Liu Xingqing, the ghost of the well? Zhang Xingyi is a mystery again. For the two-star sun in the corner, it is sunny. It rained in the room for two nights, and it was still raining at the end of my heart. Bullfighting girl meets fine weather.

Autumn:

The wall of the virtual danger room is thundering, and the belly of Kuilou is full of rain and dew. It's okay to go to the well for rain and shine, and it's okay for ghost Liu Yun to open a guest. There is no rain in the sky, and there is wind and rain in the corner of the room. There must be rain at the end of the room, which is rainy for the matador.

Winter:

The wall of the virtual danger room is rainy. If you meet Kuixing, it will be sunny, it will freeze if it rains, and it will be sunny when it is over. It's sunny after sitting for two nights, and yellow after sitting for two nights. The sharpening willow nebula will erupt, with cold wind, cold rain and severe frost. The wind and rain in Zhangyi will be sunny again, and it will be sunny when it rains at night. There will be wind and sand.

Guyi

(Tang) Meng Jiao

Weaver girl by the river, cowherd by the river

Don't cross shallow water, look at each other from a distance.

The magpie fairy of Qin Guan

Thin clouds are clever, flying stars spread grievances, and yinhan sneaked into Chen Cang. On the seventh day of autumn dew and autumn, it is time to meet, mostly those who are together in the world, but the appearance of husband and wife.

Common complaint against acacia, tender feelings like water, meet each other as if it were a dream, when it is hard to see the bridge. If the relationship between two people is long-lasting, it is still a matter of time.

2. The third song of Tang Li Bai's "Traveling to Mount Tai": "Go to Japan and raise your hand to open the clouds."

Biography of Sima Yi in Historical Records: "I made an appointment with Zhuang Jia to meet a Japanese army."

"Peacock flies southeast" has "After dusk, lonely people will settle down."

Liu Changqing's Lord of Furong Mountain in the Snow: "The setting sun is far away, cold and white."

Lu You's November 4th Storm: "Sleeping in a lonely village is not self-mourning, but thinking about protecting your family. Lying at night listening to the wind and rain, the iron horse glacier dream. "

"The Analects of Confucius": "People in late spring, spring clothing achievements, five or six top scholars, six or seven boys. Bathing is almost a deduction, and the wind is dancing and singing. "

Li Bai's poem "I don't feel the account stove": "Leave hate to return to the third spring, and the ceremony is in October."

Liu Yong's "Looking at the Tide of the Sea" focuses on landscapes. There are Sanqiu cassia seed and Shili Lotus.