What are the characteristics of Chinese characters in China? (quick! Urgent need for more detailed! )

Characteristics and charm of Chinese characters

Chinese characters are one of the oldest characters in the world, and they are written symbols for recording Chinese. Formally, it has gradually changed from a figure to a square symbol composed of strokes, so Chinese characters are generally called "square characters". It has developed from hieroglyphics (ideographs) to phonetic symbols with both sound and meaning, but the overall system is still ideographs. Therefore, Chinese characters have the characteristics of integrating image, sound and meaning. This feature is unique in world writing, so it has unique charm. Chinese characters are the treasure of China's culture for thousands of years, and they are also our lifelong mentor and friend, and everyone's spiritual home. Chinese characters can often arouse our wonderful and bold associations and give people beautiful enjoyment.

[Edit this paragraph] Advantages and disadvantages of Chinese characters and the direction of Chinese character reform

Preface to Zhang Xiaochun's Middle School Students' Philology

Chinese characters are the most widely used characters in the world. According to statistics, the number of people who use Chinese characters and Chinese has reached1300 million.

Chinese characters are the oldest characters still in use. The earliest Chinese characters that can be seen and read now are Oracle Bone Inscriptions more than 3,000 years ago. This is a fairly mature system of Chinese characters.

There is no writing in the world that has gone through many vicissitudes like Chinese characters and is still young. The sacred script of ancient Egypt 5000 years ago is one of the earliest scripts of human beings. But then it died out, and the recorded ancient Egyptian culture was buried deep. Sumerian cuneiform also has a history of 5000 years. But after 330 AD, it also died out. The famous figures who declined in history include Maya and Boromir. Chinese characters not only have a long history, but also have a growing influence. Why? There are some reasons:

1. The pronunciation of Chinese characters is the most beautiful.

Chinese characters have one character and one sound, and each sound is divided into four sounds. Therefore, it is the most beautiful language in the world because of its loud and clear reading, euphemism and beautiful rhythm. Poetry written in this language, especially poetry, has a sonorous and sharp hearing and a cadence aesthetic feeling. China's poems pay attention to the level and level, so the poems can be particularly neat, the rhythm is particularly distinct, and they are particularly catchy to read.

Because Chinese characters are pronounced loudly and have no light consonants, the advantages of Chinese characters in "man-machine dialogue" are obvious. Some people predict that 2 1 century will be "the century of Chinese characters".

Chinese characters are the most beautiful.

How beautiful is it? It has become an art-calligraphy art, and the calligraphy art of Chinese characters can't be compared with any other words. The following ancient calligraphy works have become priceless.

3. Chinese characters are best recognized.

Let's do a test first: Look at the following two arrangements, which one can know the numbers faster?

① ●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

②

●●●●

●●●●

●●●●

●●●●

The second one, of course. Because the human eye's field of vision is always a surface, not a line. Therefore, the former is linear and difficult to identify; The latter is arranged in a square, which is clear at a glance. The former is equivalent to the pinyin word-linear word; The latter is equivalent to Chinese characters-square characters. It can be concluded that the reading efficiency of Chinese characters is higher than that of pinyin characters.

4. Chinese characters have the best meaning (relevance).

Please compare the following Chinese and English words:

Chinese words and English words

ox

Bull bull

Cow cow

Calf calf

milk

Although the meanings of these six English words are all related to cows, writing and reading are "irrelevant". If you want to know them, you have to learn them one by one and remember them one by one. This is irregular. As for Chinese characters, as long as you know the word "cow", you will know that all words with "cow" are related to cows. Because Chinese characters have strong word-formation ability, if you know a certain number of Chinese characters, you will know countless words. Even if new words are produced, they are based on old words, and their meanings are easy to understand.

The disadvantage is that in mathematical physics and other scientific disciplines, the expression is very weak and complicated, such as operation, and only Arabic numerals and symbols can be used.

Only symbols can be used in mechanical building drawings.

More than 70 years ago, Mr. Lu Xun said: Chinese characters with squares are "a root nodule on the working people in China" and "a sharp weapon of ignorance policy" (essay/new word question and answer). Therefore, "China means that there are no words, and the proposal of Latinization has grasped the key to solving the problem", and "If you don't want everyone to sacrifice the old words, you have to sacrifice the old words". (Essay on Street Pavilion/New Chinese Life in China).

The weakness in China's modern history has created people's lack of confidence in their own traditions (including culture), and even Lu Xun and Hu Shizhi can't avoid customs.

5. The characteristics of Chinese characters are intuition and expressiveness.

Chinese characters are hieroglyphics, and their distinctive features are closely related in form and meaning, and their intuitive meaning is obvious.

The ideographic nature of Chinese characters makes it the only character in the world that can span time and space. Only children in China can read the Book of Songs 2,500 years ago and recite "Pigeons in Guanguan, in Jiangzhou, my fair lady, a good gentleman"; Only textbooks in China can use Tang poetry and Song poetry as the enlightenment materials that children must read. English three or four hundred years ago was difficult for others to understand except experts. It can be seen that Chinese characters are more conducive to readers to form a direct connection between form and meaning.

The ideographic nature of Chinese characters makes it the most informative character in the world, so it is easy to identify and associate, which also brings great convenience to speed up reading.

Modern fast reading method was first produced and developed in Europe and America. Their characters all have one feature-they are phonetic pinyin characters, and a single letter is meaningless. Only a few letters are combined into a word. In this way, when reading, it conforms to the chunking principle of cognitive psychology, so it is conducive to fast reading. But our writing is ideographic, which is completely different from pinyin. So, can reading materials composed of Chinese and Chinese characters be read quickly? The answer is of course very affirmative: Chinese and Chinese characters are not only suitable for fast reading, but also suitable for fast reading. Specifically, there are mainly the following aspects:

First of all, the ideographic nature of Chinese characters facilitates the mutual understanding of form and meaning, which provides a natural advantage for fast reading;

Secondly, Chinese characters, as morphemes, have strong word-formation ability and concentrated common words, which provides convenience for fast reading;

Thirdly, Chinese characters, as pinyin characters, have obvious differences in homophones, which is also a favorable condition for fast reading;

Fourth, the writing form of Chinese characters is convenient for overall cognition and fast reading;

Fifth, Chinese characters, as compound brain characters, give full play to the functions of the two hemispheres of the brain;

Finally, the parataxis of Chinese grammar makes it concise, easy to master, easy to read quickly and intuitive.

Chinese characters are different from other languages in the world, which is the particularity of Chinese grammar itself, that is, parataxis Whether phrases are combined into sentences or simple sentences are combined into complex sentences, the first consideration is often the combination of semantics rather than the use of grammatical forms. As long as several key words carrying important information are roughly matched in meaning, communication purposes can be achieved concisely, and these words can be combined together, which is called "parataxis". This feature of Chinese grammar makes it unique in structure, flexible and changeable, with many meanings and emphasis on conception. Its parataxis, flexibility and conciseness are unmatched by other languages. The above characteristics of Chinese grammar are helpful for us to perceive and understand through tacit means in reading, which is very convenient for speeding up reading.

The above six characteristics of Chinese characters undoubtedly make them have considerable advantages over Pinyin in reading psychology, and make the written language of Chinese characters have higher speed and efficiency in all aspects of perception and understanding, so as to realize the coordinated development of reading speed, understanding speed and memory speed and read quickly.

So according to the advantages and disadvantages, I think Chinese characters will branch.

1. Based on ancient Chinese, simplify the writing of some words appropriately and restore some simplified and bad traditional writing methods (such as Chinese, love and east) appropriately.

The words that appear in the future are pictophonetic characters.

Used for expression, especially in literature. This is the theme.

2. Branches are symbols that absorb numbers and letters, so as to facilitate the development of science subjects, make the operation expression concise and clear, and avoid the lack of expression of Chinese characters in this respect. Of course, these are not Chinese characters in the traditional sense, but they are very necessary as an aid.