When did you come down to pay homage to your ancestors in the New Year?

Southern Shandong refers to the vast hilly plain area south of Mount Tai, including Jining, Heze, Zaozhuang and Linyi. this

A region has an important position in the history of the Chinese nation, and a large number of historical and cultural celebrities have been born. Among them, the top ten celebrities in the world

One of Confucius was born here. In recent years, Confucius Cultural Festival has been vigorously carried out, but ancestor worship tourism has not been paid attention to.

Pay attention to it, this market has great potential and broad development prospects.

First, ancestor worship tourism is a special tourism product.

Ancestor worship tourism is an important tourism activity in modern society. Its main features are:

(1) The attraction and radiation range of the sacrificial object depends on the contribution of the sacrificial object to history.

Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong and Huangdi are the common ancestors of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups. Miruotuo (Yao) (

Jinuo), Daiwama (Bulang) and Peng Zu (Xuzhou and Peng) are the ancestors of people of all ethnic groups in various places; Family,

For example, the names of Confucius and Mencius, especially some prosperous nationalities in the south, all have their own genealogy, and overseas people will come back to sacrifice themselves at some time.

Our ancestors. The Yellow Emperor made the greatest contribution in the history of the Chinese nation. He unified all tribes and was elected as the leader of the tribal alliance by all tribes.

Collar, life Cangjie word, Lei Zu sericulture, * * * Peng, cargo secret, He Zhanri, Chang Yi Zhanyue, Wan District astrology, Li Shou.

Do arithmetic, do calendars, play the piano with harmony and glory, drive cattle, etc. Is the recognized ancestor of all ethnic groups in China.

(2) ancestor worship tourism is a cultural activity, not a religious activity.

There are two main contents of ancestor worship: one is to commemorate the contribution of ancestors in the development of national history; Second, reviewing the national history,

Inherit and carry forward the fine traditions of the nation. Sacrificial activities promote national centripetal force, cohesion and social progress. Despite the sacrifice

Similar to religious activities, religion has a certain number of believers and strict procedures to guide people to worship idols.

Begging for idol protection and further promoting religious beliefs. Moreover, ancestor worship activities have a wider mass.

(3) ancestor worship tourism is mostly in the cemetery or birthplace of the carrier of ancestral deeds.

The world Chinese ancestor worship activities were and are held in Huangdi Mausoleum in Qiao Shan, huangling county, Shaanxi Province, and Shouqiu originated in Qufu because.

Jingling Palace was destroyed and nobody cared. Even among his descendants, I don't know where the Yellow Emperor was born. If yellow

The birthplace of the emperor (Qufu), Huangdi Tribal Center (Xinzheng) and Huangdi Mausoleum (Huangling) are integrated.

Ancestor tour route.

Ancestor-worship tourism has a historical function, which can guide people to study their own national history and let future generations remember it.

The creation and achievements of ancestors, and foresee the future development; Secondly, the educational function, because ancestor worship is a social group behavior,

Rooted in the soil of the masses, it has a profound mass base. Through activities, we can cultivate health, integrity,

Upward moral outlook, cultivate moral sentiment, enhance life courage, national pride and patriotism.

Second, Lunan is rich in sacrificial rent tourism resources.

The "Three Holes" in Qufu, southern Shandong Province is listed as a world cultural heritage by the United Nations, and it is a world-class tourist area and Qufu culture.

Festivals-centered sightseeing and study tours receive more than 2 million tourists every year. In recent years, Qufu is also promoting Confucius.

Thought as the center, the construction of the Analects of Confucius monument garden, six arts city and the restoration of the ancient city of Lu. However, ancestor worship tourism that is compatible with tourism should also be advocated.

Explore and develop ancestral tourism resources, including Fuxi Laiwo Temple, the birthplace of the Yellow Emperor and Shaowuling.

(1) The place where Fuxi and Nu Wa, the early ancestors of Oriental culture, were buried.

1, a vivid and touching creationism, is even older than the legend that Western God created the world and Adam and Eve produced offspring.

Fang Chuangshi said: Pangu opened the heavens and the earth, and Fuxi Nuwa's brothers and sisters passed on to their descendants. Western creationism is a god in heaven; Erdong

Fang legend is on the ground and is a real person. Some stories are more historical and popular, and they are widely spread in China.

For circulation.

The legend of Fuxi Nuwa is roughly like this: as early as the ancient flood era, the sky fell and the earth fell, and floods flooded everywhere.

Wang Yang is connected with Tianshui, and most people in the world died in the disaster, leaving only Fuxi and Nuwa, the brother and sister. In order to reproduce

Pangu ordered his brother and sister to get married, but they refused. Later, they thought of a divination method to let Fuxi and Nu Wa live in the east and west.

On a mountain, everyone rolled down from different directions with a mill. If they get together, it will be passed on to future generations.

Service. At first, two mills, one to the east and the other to the west, changed direction at the foot of the mountain in the depression between the two mountains.

Together. Fuxi and Nu Wa did not dare to go against God's will, so they got married, had many children and became us.

The ancestors of. In order to let the children and grandchildren live and work in peace and contentment, the grandmothers of the ancestors took great pains to refine colorful stones to make up for the losses caused by the workers.

Broken northwest sky. This beautiful legend is circulated everywhere in China, but there are different opinions about its birthplace. After ...

After our research, it is more convincing in southern Shandong. The two peaks of this event and legend are in Zoucheng, southeast of Jining.

Dongfushan and Xifushan. There are Fuxi Temple, Fuxi Tomb and Nuwa Tomb, as well as the ruins of Laomotai and Yeniang Temple.

2. Paleogeographic Environment Analysis: Cathaysian land in southern Shandong was transformed into land about 2 1 100 million years ago, which constituted the largest land in China.

An ancient skeleton. But in Paleozoic, the vast hills in southern Shandong experienced the slow rise and fall of the crust, from sea to land, from time to time.

For an isolated island, this is a vast land. By 2 million years ago, the Quaternary basically formed its present outline, during which it experienced cosmopolitanism.

Four climate changes: during the cold period, the ice age came, the sea water fell and the land was vast; During warm periods, glaciers melt,

The sea rose, and the low-lying area was Wang Yang. The last ice age was Dali ice age. The Ice Age after 654.38+0 million years, that is, the year after climate warming.

The average temperature is 2-3℃ higher than it is now, the sea water rises, and the low-lying areas in North China are submerged by sea water. This period was about 6000 years ago,

That is, Fuxi Nuwa era, that is, the period when primitive society changed from matriarchal society to paternal society, which is equivalent to archaeological discovery.

Dawenkou era. Now there is a folk song circulating around Fushan: East Fushan, West Fushan, and the sky is connected with water.

Cry till the flood dries up, the flood dries up. It is a true portrayal of the geographical environment in southern Shandong after Dali Ice Age. exist

At that time, there were Fuxi tribe and Nuwa tribe in Fushan area, so its mountain was Fushan. Later, due to the large residue after the seawater receded.

A swamp is inhabited by many birds, and Fushan has evolved into the present "Fushan". Dongfushan is 233 meters above sea level, and Xifushan is 224 meters above sea level.

rice. Although these two mountains are not high, they are the center of primitive life and the hometown of ancestors during the flood. In the Book of Songs, truffles

It is introduced in the book that in the book "The Tale of Mountains and Rivers" written by Lu in those days, after "Taishan Rock" and "Choosing a Turtle", there was another "Watching the Peak", saying

In the Ming Dynasty, Luzhong, Lunan and Fushan were juxtaposed with Taishan, Guishan, Mengshan and Yishan, which became a natural barrier between Xu and Zou in ancient times.

3. Historical records and textual research on the activity remains of Fuxi and Nuwa, and the memorial of Fuxi Temple and Fuxi Tomb and Nuwa Tomb are all in the text.

The dedication has been recorded for a long time, and historians of all dynasties have verified and explained it.

Sima Zhen, a historian in the Tang Dynasty, and Mr. Wang, a modern historian, made a systematic study of Fuxi and Nu Wa. But in the past, history books

There are also some sporadic records in the world, first seen in Zuo Zhuan's Ren, Su, Xu, Zhuan Xu, Feng, Shi Si Tai Hao and

Things help ",that is to say, Taihao, that is, Fuxi, belongs to Feng. In Jining area, his descendants are Ren (Jining people) and Su (

Dongping area, then moved south to Suqian), JOE (south of Zouxian) and Zhuluo (Feixian). His mother is Feng's,

Tell the palace to protect the four small countries and manage the sacrifice to Tai Hao. Therefore, in the 29th year (63 BC1), it was rebuilt.

Ximiao. It can be seen that Fuxi had a high belief among the broad masses of the people in the Spring and Autumn Period.

In Tang Dynasty, Sima Zhen's Supplementary Historical Records recorded that "Tai Hao offered sacrifices to his family, surnamed Feng, and became the Queen Mother after his marriage.

The great Hua Xu lived in Leize, but was born and sacrificed in Ji Cheng. "Fuxi" began to draw eight diagrams to understand the virtues of the gods and to compare everything.

Love; Make a book contract instead of the politics of knots; So the system of marriage began, and the ceremony was to marry the skin; Doing online teaching fishing, so it is a sacrifice;

Raising sacrifices to cook, so it is a sacrifice. Sacrifice is Fuxi, also known as Tai Hao. Sacrifice and sacrifice show that Fuxi is.

Mainly fishing and animal husbandry. Haozi means bright and white, and refers to the rising sun. Because Fuxi was born in the east where the sun rises,

Another tribal leader is called Feng. His important contribution in human history is the interpretation of gossip, because Xifu Mountain has eight foothills, which inspired us.

His inspiration sparked gossip. "Geography" records: "Fushan is located in Zouxian County, connected with Yutai, shaped like a bird, and passed down from generation to generation as Fuxi.

Draw hexagrams here. "Fuxi was buried in Yang Shan Gaoping after his death. Gaoping, which is today's Zoucheng mountain area.

In the supplementary historical materials of Biography of Huang San, the record of Nu Wa is as follows: "Nu Wa, also named Feng, was the head of the snake, which sacrificed herself on behalf of Mi Li.

It's called the female emperor "That is to say, Nuwa is also a tribe named Feng, and Fuxi died. According to the analysis of seismic data,

Lunan is where the Tancheng-Lujiang fault passes.

6000 years ago, there was a big earthquake. The so-called "refining the stone to make up the sky" means that Nu Wa leads the people to resist disasters.

Fight. In Yuan Hezhi of the Han Dynasty, there was a further explanation for Nu Wa: "According to legend, Nu Wa was born in Zhu Cheng, and she came to the Temple of Harmony.

"Bearing note mountain, that is, the main peak of Dafu Mountain.

The above analysis shows that Fuxi and Nuwa belong to the Feng family in the eastern part of ancient North China, with snakes as their totems.

Their activity center is in Fushan Mountain in southern Shandong. They infer gossip, tie knots and take notes, practice dual marriage and teach people to fish and swim.

Animal husbandry, and launched a disaster struggle after the earthquake, these deeds gradually spread to the vast areas of the Central Plains in the form of nomadism, thus

Their legends are everywhere. However, in their later years, they returned to their hometown and slept at the foot of Toyama. So they have it in Fukuyama.

Ancient tombs and memorial temples. In recent years, archaeological excavations of stone reliefs in Han Dynasty show that Fuxi and Nu Wa's head, snake body and tail intersect.

The ancient people's worship of snakes gradually evolved into dragons and became the totem of the Chinese nation.

4. In southern Shandong, the legend of Fuxi and Nuwa is widely spread, and there are many memorial sites. The memorial site of Fuxi and Nuwa is in southern Shandong.

There are eight places in the east of Weishan Lake 100, namely Yeniang Temple in Zoucheng Street, Nuwa Cave in Yishan Mountain and Fushan Mountain.

Ye Niang Temple, Fuxi Tomb and Nuwa Tomb, Two Cities Fuxi Temple, Tengzhou Baguatai, and Yicheng Nuwa Tomb. The Legacy of Fuxi and Nu Wa

The density of trace distribution is so large that it is rare in other parts of the country. Among them, Yeniang Temple at the foot of Dongpu Mountain covers an area of 130 temples.

There are more than 40 temples, more than 20 stone carvings and more than 300 ancient cypresses. On the central axis is Jinshui Bridge-Wumaomen-Chaowangdian-People.

Ancestral Temple-Mother Hall-Reunion Palace, more than 200 meters long. Renzu Hall is the main building, with five elements of trees and three entrances, a rest hill and a bucket arch structure, and gold.

That's great. Fuxi and Nuwa Statues. There is a lying grandmother temple on the west side, and the Jade Emperor Temple, Wuyue Temple and Empress Dowager Temple on the east side. Current insurance

The well-preserved Gangjian Monument and Xiang Xing Monument are 6.2 meters high. The scale of Fuxi Temple is also rare in China. Every year on the third day of the third lunar month.

1 October1day is a parents' temple fair, with as many as 10,000 visitors, which is unprecedented.

(2) The birthplace of China's ancestor Huangdi.

According to historical records, the Yellow Emperor is a descendant of Feng tribe and was born in Shouqiu, 4 kilometers northeast of Qufu, which is now the old city of Qufu.

He is a descendant of Shaodian tribe, surnamed Gongsun, named Xuanyuan and posthumous title Bear. Teenagers moved westward and grew up in Jishui, so it is also called

The Yellow Emperor is famous for his discipline, and he was born with spirituality. When I grow up, I am smart, alert, honest and diligent. When I grow up, I am well-informed and correct.

See things clearly. After he became a tribal leader, he practiced morality in Xuanyuanqiu, reorganized the army, studied the changes of the four seasons, and planted five kinds of crops.

Valley, won the hearts of the people, various governors have returned, so it is also called the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan. He fought Emperor Yan in Hanquan, Hebei Province.

Battle, in Julu, fight against Chiyou, the leader of Jiuli, unify all tribes and respect him as the leader of all ethnic groups. After his death, he was buried in Qiao Shan, Shaanxi Province, namely.

Huangling county Huangling today.

The concubine of the Yellow Emperor had about 13 wives, indicating that he had entered the patriarchal era at that time, and

It's polygamy. He has 25 children, the last name is 14. The main growing sons are Xuan Tao, Tao Sun Gao Xin (Di Ku) and Angel He Zhi.

(Yao); The second son Changyi, Levin (Zhuan Xu), six generations of China (Shun). Huangdi, Di Ku, Zhuan Xu,

Shao Hao, Yao and Shun both ascended the throne, and together with Fuxi and Shennong, they became the legends of the five emperors, the ancestors of the Chinese nation. Five legendary rulers

One is Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Yao and Shun; One is Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi, Shao Hao and Zhuan Xu; When it comes to Shao Hao,

Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Yao and Shun.

In the fifth year of Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu (AD 10 12), in order to commemorate the Yellow Emperor, the Jingling Palace was built in Shouqiu.

The ancestor Xuanyuan Huangdi built the Taijitang in memory of the Virgin Lei Zu. The room 1320 is resplendent and magnificent, and its scale is far larger than that of the present Confucius House.

And Confucius Temple. Later, it was destroyed in the war because of the invasion of nomads from the army. At present, there are two giant monuments, which are15.87m high, 3.76m wide and 3.76m thick.

1.2m is the largest stone tablet in China.

(3) One of the Five Emperors, the activity center of Shao Hao, the leader of Dongyi nationality.

Some people say it's Xuantao, others say it's wisdom. Its name is Jin, with poor mulberry (Qufu) as its capital and belonging to Dongyi.

The patriarch took the big bird as his totem. After his death, he was buried in Shouqiu, the birthplace of Huangdi. At present, huge stones are preserved in a bucket shape with a slope height of15m.

The cemetery with a width of 28.5 meters is called the "Oriental Pyramid".

Third, develop ancestor worship tourism.

The development of ancestor worship tourism in southern Shandong will promote the development of tourism and economy in this area. Here, we should solve the right sacrifice.

Understand the importance of ancestral tourism and handle the relationship with Confucian cultural tourism, festival tourism and celebrity tourism.

(1) Ancestor-worship tourism is an advantageous tourism resource in southern Shandong and has a broad market.

Jining is the hometown of Fuxi, Nuwa, Huangdi and Shao Hao among the three emperors and five emperors, including Fuxi Tomb, Nuwa Tomb and Shao Hao Tomb.

Large-scale Jingling Palace, Tai Chi Hall, Ye Niang Temple ruins, as well as the legendary Old Mill Terrace ruins, Pangu Monument, and refining stones to make up the sky.

The "Yishan" left behind. From history, archaeology to legend, it has formed the center of the birthplace of China culture. After repair

The reunification of China will attract more than one billion nationals and more than 30 million overseas Chinese. Developing ancestor worship tourism will become southern Shandong

New impetus for the development of tourism and export-oriented economy.

At the same time, it starts from Jining in the south of Shandong and connects with Xinzheng (Xuanyuanqiu) in Henan and Huangling (Huangdi Mausoleum) in Shaanxi.

It will become a tourist route for China people to worship their ancestors and promote the development of tourism in the three places.

(2) Ancestor-worship tourism and Confucius-Mencius cultural tourism complement each other and promote each other, adding new tourism content and expanding Lunan culture.

The scope of tourist areas produces scale effect.

At present, the "three holes" cultural tourism has become the leader of tourism development in Jining area, but it can't drive the whole.

The development of regional tourism, such as the development of ancestor worship tourism resources, makes Qufu, Zoucheng and Jining become cultural tourism in southern Shandong.

Central area, expand the scale of tourist areas, and let tourists know that the establishment of Confucianism in Confucius and Mencius is not isolated and accidental.

, not falling from the sky, but the inheritance of Fuxi, Nu Wa, Huangdi,,, Shang and.

And development. Southern Shandong is the source of oriental culture and Confucian culture. In this way, ancestor worship tourism and Confucius and Mencius cultural tourism constitute.

Integration will be more attractive to domestic and foreign tourism markets.

(3) Ancestor worship tourism, festival tourism and celebrity tourism are integrated.

Lunan is the hometown of China culture 5000 years ago, and there are many famous people in history. If Qufu is the hometown of saints, first of all,

Later, Confucius, Mencius, Yan Zi, Ceng Zi and Liu Xiahui were born one after another. Tengzhou is Mozi.

Hometown; Dongming is the hometown of Laozi; Linyi is the hometown of Zhuge Liang and Wang Xizhi; Weishan has Weizi's tomb, Zhongzi's tomb and Zhang Liangmu;

Dongping has a tomb of Chiyou; Cangshan has Xunzi Mausoleum; Zaozhuang has Kuang Heng's tomb, etc. At the same time, festivals are also held in various places, namely Heze.

Peony Festival, Zaozhuang Pomegranate Festival, Weishan Lotus Festival, Liangshan Wushu Festival. If ancestor worship tourism is combined with the above festivals,

Combining sports with celebrity sightseeing, southern Shandong will become an important cultural tourist area, which will drive the whole economy of southern Shandong.

Development.

In order to promote the development of tourism in southern Shandong and give play to the central radiation function of Jining, the key point is to tell the people of the world.

People want to publicize the long history of the Chinese nation, carry forward national culture, and enhance national cohesion and self-confidence, so they want to publicize Fu Shan.

From the standpoint of the Chinese nation, we should restore the Yeniang Temple in Zoucheng, restore Fuxi's tomb and Nuwa's tomb, and carry out the history of Fuxi's Nuwa.

And promote ancestor worship tourism at home and abroad.

Main references

1 Sima Qian. Historical records.

2 Four Books and Five Classics