Are there any other temples in Beijing besides Baiyun Temple?

Taoist temple in the city

Baiyunguan ...........

Dongyue Temple (Chaoyangmen Waishenlu Street, Chaoyang District)

Da Gao Xuan Store (Da Gao Xuan Store is located at No.23 Sanzuomen Street, Xicheng District)

Lv Zuge (Lv Zuge is at No.41Xinbi Street, No.6 Mingguang Hutong, Xicheng District)

Lv Gongzu (the one in Beijing Road, Financial Street)

Pantaogong (Chongwenmen East Street East Exit)

Guandi Temple (Di 'anmen West)

Wenchang Dijun Temple (Beicheng Maoer Hutong)

Wang Yao Temple (Dong Xiao Street, Chongwen District)

Yimuyuan Niangniang Temple (Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park Zheng Da Guangmingmen Southeast)

Chenghuang Temple (No.33 Fangcheng Street, Xicheng District)

Xuanren Temple (No.2 and No.4 Beichizi Street, Dongcheng District)

Zhaoxian Temple (No.71Beichang Street, Xicheng District)

Temple of Fire (No.29 Liulichang East Street, outside Heping Gate)

Guan Yue Temple (Gulou West Street 149, Xicheng District)

The following is the Taoist temple in the suburbs:

Beijing Guandi Palace

Fudi Palace is located in the north of the junction of Tongxian West Street and Zhongshan Street. The demon-luring emperor is Guan Yu's title, which is highly respected by emperors and generals. The worship of Guan Yu in Buddhism began at the end of the Six Dynasties. Taoist worship of Guan Yu seems to have begun in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the forty-second year of Wanli, it was named "the Three Great Gods of Tianzunguan in Weiyuan Town". Since then, Guandi Temple and Voldemort Palace have spread all over the country. Gong Dongjin II, Ming Jian Qing Xiu. There are 3 mountain gates, 3 front halls, 3 north-south annex halls and 2 wing rooms. There are 3 back halls, with Fusaiji in the north and Sanheyuan in the south. The only key cultural relics protected in Tongxian County are Hou Yudian, Duodian and an octagonal white marble.

Yuxiugong

Yuxu Palace is located in Jinbaoshan, 3 kilometers northwest of Huangshandian Village, Huangshandian Township, Fangshan District. It consists of three parts: the former palace, the harem and the tower courtyard. Yuxu Palace was built in an unknown age, and was rebuilt in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. Layout of Qiangong quadrangle. There are two vertical monuments in front of the main hall. The topography of the harem is flush with the roof of the front palace, with a quadrangular layout. Tayuan is located about 50 meters in the harem, with four towers. Three of them are tied in a "one" shape, about 7 meters apart. The building form is the same, octagonal, brick structure, about 7 meters high. These three pagodas were all built in Xuantongyuan Year of Qing Dynasty (1909). The other is 30 meters away from the three towers and about 7 meters high. Wudao Temple Wudao Temple is located at the intersection of Tieshu Xie Jie and Sakura Xie Jie at the west exit of Hanjiatan in Xuanwu District. There is the Jade Emperor Temple in the temple, and there is a tablet written by Wang Xianggan, a minister of the Ministry of War in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, which is called Zhengyang. Xuanwu Long Mai is a place of communication, so the Jade Palace was built next to the temple to guide the gods to the town. Today, the Jade Emperor Hall no longer exists. There is also a saying that eunuchs were built by Wei Zhongxian to pray for peace.

Wudingmiao

The five most famous Taishan temples in Beijing, also known as Bi Xia Yuan Jun Temple, are Ding Dong, Xiding, Nanding, Beiding and Zhong Ding. Ding Dong is outside Dongzhimen, and it is customarily called Ding Dong. Because there is a century-old elm tree next to the temple, Shunyi and Tongxian people also call it the solitary elm temple, which has now disappeared. Nanding is located in Nanding Village outside Dahongmen, Fengtai District. Built in the Ming Dynasty, it was rebuilt in the 38th year of Qing Qianlong, and recorded in the Republic of China. Not anymore. Xiding, also known as Ren Guang Palace Bixia Yuan Jun Temple, commonly known as Niangniang Temple, is located in indigo plant in Haidian District. Built in the thirty-sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, it was named Hong Rui National Protection Palace. In the fifty-first year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, it was renamed Ren Guang Palace Bixia Yuan Jun Temple. It has a main hall with five entrances and seventy-two branches, beside which there is an imperial tablet of a Qing sage, a pair of imperial books of Qianlong and a royal poem tablet. During the Republic of China, it was a porridge factory, after 1949, it was a sanatorium, and in the 1970s, it was Beijing Rubber Hardware Factory. Existing mountain gate, main hall, attached hall and Cooper. Beiding is located in Datun North Ding Cun, Chaoyang District. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Houdian collapsed due to the 1976 earthquake, and was later changed to Beiding Primary School. Now only the mountain gate and the front hall are left. Zhong Ding is located at Cao Shili Bridge outside You 'anmen. It was rebuilt in the thirty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong and again in the Republic of China. Existing stone chambers, mountain gates, halls and stone tablets written by Zhang Yushu and Shi Kui.

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Yun Guan is in Liu Lihe Middle School in Fangshan District. Built in the Ming Dynasty, it was originally named Enhui Temple, commonly known as Laofu Temple. The main building is on the central axis, with only the High Hall, Sanqing Hall and Lv Zuge. The ancient buildings in Yun Guan are the physical materials for studying the architectural technology in Ming Dynasty, and are the key cultural relics under protection in fangshan county. Sanguan Temple Sanguan Temple is located at No.29 and No.30 on the northern edge of the West Sea. It was built in the Qing Dynasty and rebuilt in the Republic of China. The temple faces south. On the central axis are the mountain gate, stone coupon gate and chessboard gate in turn. There are three front halls and two annex halls. There are three halls in the West Cross Court. It is a relatively complete small temple. Protect cultural relics for Xicheng District. Located on the north side of Dongkou Road, West Street, Tongzhou Town. Ming Jian, known as "Sanguan Hall" in ancient times, was built in the 12th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1673), and the courtyard entered south. There are three mountain gates, hard mountain tile hoop head ridge, and hexagonal three-way hexagonal window embedded in the back eaves. There are five front halls and five main halls. East-west three halls, hard peak and tile ingot, front porch of the second room, and Ruyi stone steps are 3 levels. There is a round flower bed in front of the main hall in the backyard. The flower bed is made of green sandstone with embossed dragon patterns on it, with a diameter of 2.35 meters and a side width of 0.4 1 meter, which is made up of several pieces.

xiufeng temple

Xiufeng Temple is located at the foot of Jiufeng Mountain in Beianhe Township, Haidian District. The sixth year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (15 1 1) was built by eunuch Gao Rang. 1925 changed its name to fix the truth. 1929 was renamed Xiufeng Temple and repaired. There are three temples and dozens of temples.

Jingfu temple

Jingfu Temple is located at the foot of Xumulatto Mountain, north of Biyun Temple 1 km in Sijiqing Township, Haidian District. Formerly known as Huang Yu Temple, commonly known as Yuhuangding. Tomorrow, the Jade Emperor Pavilion will be built in the first year (162 1), and the Lv Zu Temple will be rebuilt in the 30th year of Qing Daoguang (1850) and the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), and renamed Jingfu Temple. Located on the mountainside about 200 meters above sea level, it consists of three courtyards side by side, including Jade Emperor Pavilion, Lvzu Hall and Guandi Hall. There is a mountain gate with no beam structure, resting on the top of the mountain, stone coupon gate, and the main entrance is written with the words "Jingfu Temple". In the Intermediate People's Court, there is a cliff tablet inscribed in the forty-eighth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1620). There are also historical sites in the temple, such as the new Jade Emperor Pavilion Monument in the first year of opening tomorrow, the Jade Emperor's Star Sacrifice Monument in the 13th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1735), the Temple Building Monument in Lv Zu in the 30th year of Daoguang, and the expansion monument of Guandi Hall in Qing Dynasty. There is Jinquan Cave in the north of the temple, which is 4.25 meters deep and 2.9 meters high. Koizumi at the bottom of the cave will not dry up in winter and summer. There is a small hole at the top of the cave, which can look up to the sky and is a must in the temple. On the Dongshan beam opposite the temple opposite the cave, there is a heart-washing pavilion.

Sheng Yuan Temple

Sheng Yuan Palace is located at the foot of Beiniulan Mountain in Shunyi County. The date of construction is unknown, and this inscription records that it was rebuilt during the Wanli period. The temple faces south, with a wooden archway in front and a pair of stone lions behind, which are relics of the Ming Dynasty. Then there are Yimen, Qian Dian, Daxiong Hall, Houdian, East-West Annex Hall and other buildings. There are more than 40 houses, all of which were built in Qing Dynasty. There are spiral color paintings, Su color paintings and empty color paintings in the temple. On the platform of the front hall, there are two more Cooper trees, tall and stout, soaring into the sky. There are 5 back halls, decorated with yellow glaze and green, with painted golden dragon seals, and the platform is tall. There are five east and west halls. In the courtyard, pines and cypresses are towering, and the tunnels are patterned with stones of various colors. It is a key protected cultural relic in Shunyi County.

Lvzumiao

Lv Zu Temple is located in Dananyu, 25 kilometers northwest of Liangxiang, Fangshan District. Founded in the Ming Dynasty, it faces east and west. Built on the mountain, the front is low and the back is high. The central axis enters the courtyard four times. Located in the north of Wanshou Mountain, Hexi Village, Gubeikou Town, Miyun County. It is only separated from Gubeikou Town by water. Built in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, formerly known as Ciyun Temple, it is a Buddhist temple dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva. During Xuantong period in the late Qing Dynasty, Taoist Hao Xianglin rebuilt Ciyun Temple and changed Lv Zu Taoist Temple. Miaoshanmen is close to Gubeikou Pass, and the water of Chaohe River is below. The west of the temple is Wohu Mountain, with the Great Wall as the barrier in the north and Hexi Village in Gubeikou in the south, which was called Liulinying in ancient times. Zhenshan Tower and Qilang Tomb, one of the eight scenic spots in Gubeikou, are on the mountainside in the middle. The temple is a typical courtyard with three entrances in the late Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 438 square meters, slightly longer from north to south and shorter from east to west. Lv Dongbin and other clay sculptures are enshrined in the hall. There are three monuments in the hospital.

Cishan temple

Cishan Temple is located in Tiantai Mountain, Shijingshan District. Cishan Temple is located on the rooftop, so it is also called Tiantai Temple. Cishan Temple was founded in an unknown age and became a temple in the early Qing Dynasty at the latest. There are three roads in China, east and west, with the Great Hall of Compassion on the west road as the main one. The Great Hall of Compassion is divided into three rows, with a golden lacquer wood carving Guanyin statue in the middle and eight statues such as Bi Xia and Yuan Jun on both sides. This kind of temple where Buddhism and Taoism converge is rare in the suburbs of Beijing. There is a Tibetan tower on the south slope, about 10 meter high, which is said to be the mantle of the Devil Tower and the monk. On March 15 every year, it is the time when the demon king and the monk become monks. Tsz Shan Monastery is open for three days and is known as a temple with strong incense in the west of Beijing. The main hall of Cishan Temple is basically intact, but most of the Buddha statues were destroyed. There are many stone carvings inside and outside the temple, and the stone carvings left by General Feng Yuxiang are the most striking. Regular script has big characters such as "diligence is treasure", "true suffering", "cultivation" and "indifference". The first seven characters are 3 feet square, and the last four characters are 2 feet square, which are carved on the Dongshan slope outside the mountain gate and the Beishan slope behind the temple respectively. There are more than 200 words in the "Bagua Qian" extracted from Zhouyi, each word is half a foot square.

Dog tooth

Formerly known as Gougouya, it is named after many cliffs in the valley. Located in the northern part of shisanling town, Changping District, it is a branch ditch on the west side of Deshengkougou. Deshengkou Village is in the south of Goukou and Deshengkou Reservoir is in the north, which is one of the narrow valleys at the southern foot of Du Jun Mountain.

The running water washed out the gully. The two mountains face each other at the entrance, only ten meters away. The elevation of the gully mouth is about 1 40m, and it has been dammed1intercepted. The valley is southeast-northwest, and the mountains in the valley are gradually steep from outside to inside. There are lush vegetation in the valley, surrounded by 22 peaks such as Ren Xian, Jade Girl, Zhongfeng, Dongfeng, Xifeng, Ruifeng, Xiufeng, Jiangjun, Buxu, Wuyun, Jinhua and Ji Zi, including Zhongfeng, Dongfeng, Xifeng, Ruifeng and Xiuji. Zhongfeng is the first of the five peaks, 963 meters above sea level. The Chronicle of Changping County, compiled in the 12th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1673), once contained eight scenic spots on the ravine, namely, the waterfall with hanging curtains, the jade overflowing from the cold spring, the dangerous peak in Xia Xue, the spring breeze in the ancient cave, the winding path through the clouds, the fog hidden in the pine bridge and the afternoon moon in Nanchuan. Gouya used to be a Buddhist and Taoist resort, known as "Northern Wudang Mountain". Since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, 72 Buddhist and Taoist temples have been built, including Yu Xu Temple, Bixia Palace, Doulao Palace, Xifeng Temple, Dongfeng Temple, Ruifeng Temple, Pandao Temple and Xiwangmu Temple. Now, the ruins of Yu Xu Temple, Bixia Palace, Doulao Palace and Ruifeng Temple still exist.

The full name of the jade deficiency view is the jade deficiency view of the peak of protecting the country, also known as the jade deficiency view of the northern Wudang gully cliff, commonly known as Shangmiao. Located on the mountainside of the peak in the gully cliff, about 7500 meters away from the gully mouth. It will be completed in the second year of tomorrow (1622), in the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635) and renovated in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898). Sightseeing includes closed doors, bell tower, drum tower, main hall, attached hall, back hall and Supreme Pavilion, which is the highest and most dangerous building complex in Gouya Temple. The whole building is distributed on a four-story terrace. There are 1 doors on the bottom floor, which have been preserved to this day. Its shape is a single eaves resting on the top of the mountain, covered with gray cloth tiles and stone eaves, with a white stone plaque embedded under the eaves, and a two-story bell and drum engraved with "Jade Queguan, the peak of protecting the country" built around the gate, with a bell tower on the left, with a bell height of 1.3 meters; On the right is the Drum Tower, which is gone, leaving only four walls. The main hall is10m wide and 4.8m deep; The annex hall is 9.5 meters wide and 4 meters deep. It's all gone. There are two stone tablets in front of the temple, which are engraved with the inscriptions of "Jade Que View on the Peak in the Gully Cliff" and "Rebuilding Monument" respectively. The tablet body and pedestal are intact. Ginkgo biloba 1 plant was observed, which is a first-class ancient and famous tree in Beijing.

Bixia Palace is located between Yu Xu Temple and Doum Palace. Reconstruction in the 24th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty. There are three main halls, three affiliated halls and three palace gates. The main hall is a six-purlin front porch building on hard mountain, with existing back wall, left and right gables and some column purlins. The base of the hall is 8.5 meters wide and 5.4 meters deep. There are some residual walls in the left and right annex halls, and the abutment remains in the palace gate.

Doulao Palace is located on the mountainside of Dongfeng. Renovation in the 24th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty. There are palace gates, main halls and auxiliary halls. A boulder on the right front of the main hall is opposite to the left hall. Its building has collapsed, leaving only a part of the wall. There are three main halls and three left annex halls. The hall is 8.8 meters wide and 4.3 meters deep. The annex hall is 6.3 meters wide and 4 meters deep. The palace gate is very narrow. Outside the palace gate, there is a hard-mountain grey cloth tile house with back wall, left and right gables and back roof.

Shenglianshan

Liansheng (Lotus Hill in Misheng Shitang) is located in the southwest of Beijing, among the mountains in the northwest of Fangshan District, with an altitude of 930 meters, which is the gathering place of Taoism. Liansheng Mountain is steep, majestic and beautiful, with deep valleys, gurgling streams, steep peaks and dense cliffs. The sea of clouds on the mountain flows endlessly. The jungle is lush and the old trees are towering. Temples, pavilions and pavilions are hidden in the shade of Cui Gai. The mountain road has the characteristics of beauty, stretching and riding the ancient temple, and it also shows the heroic, dangerous, Austrian, unique and beautiful.

"Taoist style, Buddha's light, strange peaks, strange stones and holy water" are the true portrayal of winning streak. One peak in Nantianmen is divided into two branches: Buddhism and Taoism. As early as the Ming Dynasty, Buddhism built a palace temple on the mountain called Shengquan Temple. According to legend, Maha's ancestors lived in the holy rice stone pond and ate holy rice and drank holy water to become immortals, so Buddhism was very prosperous at that time; Taoism also settled here, and later built a flat peach palace on the north side of the back mountain of Shengquan Temple, commonly known as the North Temple. The owner of the temple is good at medical treatment, and the holy water in the holy water cave has the effect of conditioning all diseases and prolonging life. As a result, it became famous, and there was an endless stream of pilgrims seeking medical treatment. The Republic of China was particularly prosperous. At that time, dignitaries and famous artists also came here, and they spared no expense to build villas in the view until the old site was preserved. The buildings such as Pantao Palace, Shui Sheng Temple and Guandi Temple, as well as many scenic spots and landscapes, reappear in Qifeng Valley.

Customs of Mongolian yurts beyond the Great Wall; The quietness and simplicity of Sanheyuan and Siheyuan; The antique theater building with cornices and arches allows you to enjoy programs on various occasions and have the opportunity to show your talents. Whenever night falls, the stars in the sky and the lights in the scenic spot correspond to each other and blend into one, which makes people linger and feel relaxed and happy.

Liansheng Scenic Area is a strange mountain sacred place far away from noise, pollution and troubles. It is waiting for Chinese and foreign tourists with first-class service facilities.

Miaofengshan

Miao Feng Scenic Area Miao Feng Scenic Area is located in Mentougou District, Jingxi, covering an area of 20 square kilometers and more than 50 kilometers away from the city center. The scenic spot is famous for its "ancient temples, strange pines and strange rocks". Miaofeng Mountain belongs to Taihang Mountain range and has igneous rock structure. The elevation of the main peak is 129 1 m, with steep mountains and beautiful flowers and plants.

One of the famous mountains in Beijing, the scenic spot in the suburbs of Beijing, is located in Mentougou District in the west of Beijing, bordering Changping County and belonging to Taihang Mountain area. It is located more than 30 kilometers northwest of Beijing, 55 kilometers away from the urban area, with an altitude of 129 1 m and an area of 20 square kilometers. Formerly known as Yangshan, it is famous for its ancient temples, strange pines, strange rocks and strange flowers. Because of the majestic mountain, five peaks at the same time, Miao Gao is one of them, so it is also called Miao Feng. There are many temples in the mountains, with lush trees and beautiful scenery. There are seasonal landscapes such as sunrise, sunset glow, rime and mountain market, and there are thousands of acres of roses with the best quality in China. It is famous for the "Fairy Bi Xia Yuan Jun Temple" built in the late Ming Dynasty. Jinding Temple, from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, held a grand temple fair every year from the first day of April to the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar, with a famous mountain. During the Anti-Japanese War, temples were destroyed and temple fairs declined. Today, it is still famous for its beautiful natural scenery, especially the cherry valley in Shannan. There are many roses in the nearby ravine. Now it is the key greening area of the city.

The famous Miao Feng Niangniang Temple was built in Liao Dynasty. There are three temples (Inspiration Palace, Xianghui Pavilion and Yuhuangding) on the mountain, which are uneven. There are 14 temples dedicated to the gods of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and vulgarity, which were the belief centers of the people in North China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Temple fairs in Beijing originated in the Liao Dynasty and are called "spring outing". Temple fairs rose further in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Miaofengshan Temple Fair began in Ming Dynasty. Every year from the first day of April to the eighteenth day of the lunar calendar, Miao Feng mountains for more than half a month, every day tens of thousands of pilgrims come here, some step by step, three steps at a time; Some people even burn incense by carrying saddles, rolling bricks, ear arrows and hanging lanterns to show their piety. All kinds of folk incense will be practiced while walking, colorful flags will fly, gongs and drums will be loud, and the audience will be like a tide. During the Miaofengshan Temple Fair, Kyoto was deserted, and its scale was the first in North China.

Miaofengshan traditional temple fair began in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years. Every year, from the first day of April to the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar, hundreds of thousands of good men and women from all over the country gather in Miao Feng to make pilgrimages, enjoy mountain competitions and offer porridge and tea. The scene is spectacular, and believers are rare. In the Year of Yanjing in the Qing Dynasty, it was stated: "Miaofeng Mountain belongs to April, and the temple has been open for half a month since the first day of the first month. Incense is extremely prosperous, people are crowded, horses and chariots are noisy, and there are countless lights at night. Incense can really be in the world. " During the period of 1925, Peking University Institute of Chinese Studies conducted a special investigation on Miaofengshan Temple Fair and published the Special Issue of Miao Feng Pilgrimage, which initiated the field investigation of folk customs in China and made Miaofengshan the birthplace of folk culture in China.

Yajishan

Yajishan Scenic Area is located in Liudian Township, Pinggu District, Beijing (9 1 km away from Beijing). Because the two huge stones on the top of the mountain look like the hair of an ancient girl, it is named Yajishan. People from all directions also call Ji Ya "Dongshan". It is 70 kilometers away from Dongzhimen and 45 kilometers away from Jinhai Lake. Mount Ji Ya is 363 meters above sea level. Yuan Jun Temple in Bi Xia, located in Jiya, is a famous Taoist temple in JD.COM. It was founded in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Ji Ya's kowtow ditch was originally in Yunyan Temple, divided into two temples, which were built in Liao Dynasty and rebuilt many times. On the cliffs of Shangsi Building, its scale and engineering risk were rare in ancient times.

Ji Ya, a famous Taoist mountain as a cultural relic protection unit in Beijing, has recently welcomed tourists after nearly two years of renovation. The April Temple Fair in Yajishan rose in the Ming Dynasty, and good men and women from Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan and other places came here to make pilgrimages, with tens of thousands of people every day. Therefore, Yajishan Temple Fair has also become one of the four major temple fairs in North China. There is a huge stone in Ji Ya Scenic Area, which looks like a peach and is sandwiched between two mountains. The local villagers call it "Shentaofeng". After tens of thousands of years of wind and rain, today, this huge "God Peach" can still distinguish the peach mouth from the peach body, which is a rare beauty in the "Peach Town Pinggu".

Since the Yuan Dynasty, Ji Ya has been a holy place for people to worship and pray in Beijing. From emperors' empresses, imperial princes, dignitaries, down to literati and villagers, there is a custom of visiting Dongdashan Temple Fair. During the temple fair, it was even more crowded. There is an inscription 17 15 (fifty-fourth year of Kangxi) on the mountain, which records the grand occasion at that time: "Every year, people from all directions will come here, or carve paper and silk, or hold incense candles to worship and climb high. This grand occasion lasted until 65430. "

According to legend, in the Tang Dynasty, Taoists practiced building houses on the Ji Ya, and in the Ming Dynasty, they gave plaques to protect the country and protect the Fairy Palace. On the eve of 1949, more than ten original temples, such as Bi Xia Yuan Jun Temple and Huangyuting, were destroyed. Later, local believers rebuilt the Yuan Jun Temple and the mountain gate at the top of the mountain, and restored the Zixiao Palace at the foot of the mountain. Every year, the "Yajishan Temple Fair" is held from the first day of April to the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, and the "Golden Autumn Bi Xia Flat Peach Picking Festival" is held on September12-65438+1October 2.

Yadea Shandong Dashan Temple Fair is one of the four major temple fairs in northern China. 1994, Yajishan Temple Fair was included in China Taoist Dictionary published by China Academy of Social Sciences.