Fortune teller of Confucius Temple in Qufu, Shandong _ Who is the fortune teller of Confucius Temple in Qufu, Shandong?

Introduction to the main scenic spots of Confucius Temple in Qufu

Qufu tourist attractions must be visited.

"Travel" is the process of traveling and going out, that is, to travel from place A to place B in space in order to achieve a certain goal; "Tour" means going out for sightseeing, sightseeing and entertainment, that is, traveling for these purposes. Together, it is tourism. The following are the must-see attractions I have compiled for Qufu tourism. Welcome to share.

Qufu must-see attractions 1

1, Confucius Temple

The Confucius Temple in Qufu was founded in 478 BC, which is the existing ancient architectural complex in China, second only to the Forbidden City. It is a model of large-scale ancient temple architecture in China and one of the three ancient architectural complexes in China. There are nine courtyards in Confucius Temple, and the longitudinal axis runs through the whole building, which is symmetrical left and right and has a rigorous layout.

Shengji Temple, Ming Tombs Pavilion and Dacheng Hall display a large number of stone inscriptions. In particular, the Han stele preserved here is the largest in China, and there are also many treasures in previous dynasties. The number of steles is second only to Xi 'an stele forest, which is called the second stele forest in China.

There is a ceremony to open the Confucius Temple from 8: 00 to 8: 30 every day. Don't miss it.

2. Miao Yan

Yan Temple is located in the north gate of Qufu, Shandong Province, across the street from Confucius' back garden. This is a shrine dedicated to Yan Hui, a great disciple of Confucius. Confucius said, "If you eat and drink once and live in a mean alley, you can't bear to worry about it. If you don't change your pleasure when you return, you can return to virtue." This is also the true connotation of ugliness.

During the visit, we can see some profound meanings related to ugliness, such as the ugly alley where Yan Temple is located, the ugly alley well in the temple, the ugly alley well pavilion and so on. There is a tunnel in the gate of Fu Sheng, surrounded by an octagonal open-air square pavilion. In the north of the well, there is a stone tablet of "Poor Alley Well" erected in the Ming Dynasty to commemorate Yan Hui's thrifty moral character of "living in a poor alley with only one food and one drink". Complex temples are the main halls. The East and West Courtyards are filled with sages of Yan's descendants, such as Yan Zitui, Yan Zhenqing and Yan Shigu.

There are more than 60 stone tablets in Miao Yan. Two of them are the "New Temple Monument" established by the Yuan Dynasty and the "Monument erected by Yanzi's parents and sealed by Dayuan". These two tablets are carved in ancient Mongolian and Chinese, which describe the situation that Yan Hui and his parents were sealed at that time, and are of certain value to the study of ancient philology. On June 25th, 20001year, as an ancient building from Yuan Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Miao Yan was approved by the State Council to be included in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

3. Shao Hao Shouqiu Tomb Scenic Area

Shao Hao Tomb, called Yunyang Mountain in ancient times, is said to be the graveyard of Shao Hao and one of the famous ancient tombs in China.

Shouqiu is the birthplace of Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Shouqiuyuan is now in front of Jingling Palace, and Shao Hao's mausoleum is behind Jingling Palace. There are two stone tablets in the hospital. One is the "Mourning for Ten Thousand People" tablet in the east, which has no words on it and is the largest in China.

Shao Hao is one of the five emperors in the ancient legend of China, because he can "practice the law of Tai Hao" and "rule the world with Jinde". It is said that Shao Hao was buried in Yunyang Mountain when he was in power for 84 years. Shao Hao's mausoleum is located 30 steps north of Shouqiu.

4. Confucius Six Arts City

Confucius Six Arts City used to be a film and television center. Several exhibition halls, such as the library, take the theme of "Rite, Music, Shooting, Imperial, Books and Numbers" advocated by Confucius all his life, and there are miniature models of Confucius giving lectures. In the ceremony hall, there is a rail car, which can travel through the models of various periods and tell the life of Confucius. Shooting a pavilion, as its name implies, is shooting a target with a bow. The miniature clay figurines inside are still spectacular.

On the edge of Liuyicheng is Confucius' hometown garden, which is also a part of Liu Yi. The model of 1: 1 reproduces the small town where Confucius lived.

There are eight major scenic spots in the city, namely, Confucius' World Tour, Ritual Hall, Book Hall, Imperial Hall, Music Hall, Shooting Hall and Digital Hall, which allow visitors to learn the essence of traditional culture and feel the exquisite beauty of modern art through education and fun.

5. Confucius House

Confucius House, also known as "Feast Duke's House", is located in the east of Confucius Temple, which is the aristocratic mansion in China after the Forbidden City. Known as "the best in the world", it has long been the residence of Confucius, and it is also a typical building in which the official residence and the inner residence are integrated in China feudal society.

The layout is divided into east, west and middle roads: the east road is the location of the family temple, newspaper office and Taomiao; West Road is the place where the Duke of Feast studied, studied poetry and received visitors. The Chinese Book Room, Anhuai Room and North and South Flower Rooms are rooms for ordinary guests. The middle road is the main part of Confucius' mansion, which used to be a government office with three rooms and six halls, followed by the inner hall and finally the garden.

There are a large number of historical relics of various dynasties in Confucius House, the most famous of which is the "Ten Wares of Shang and Zhou Dynasties", and it is also the only remaining crown of seven beams in Yuan Dynasty in China.

Qufu tourist attractions 2

Lin Kong

Aspect: World cultural heritage, one of the three ancient buildings in China, one of the three oriental halls, and the largest family cemetery with the longest life extension in the world.

Tickets: coupon 150 yuan/90 yuan of Confucius Temple/60 yuan of Confucius House/40 yuan of Confucius Forest/person.

Tip: Sankong Scenic Area has profound cultural heritage, so it is recommended to hire a regular tour guide to explain it.

Qufu Culture International Slow City

Aspect: Lu Feng, the third international slow city in China, has beautiful natural scenery and rich folk customs. There are Shimen Mountain National Forest Park, Jiuxian Mountain Scenic Area, self-driving campsite, Hulutao, Huiquanyu, Liyuan and other folk tourist villages.

Admission: Shimen Mountain 30 yuan/person, Jiuxian Mountain 30 yuan/person.

Tip: International Slow City is located in Shimen Mountain and Jiuxian Mountain in the northern mountainous area of Qufu. You can go there by car or bus.

Nishan Confucius Temple and Academy

Highlights: Confucius' birthplace "Confucius Cave", the "Guanchuan Pavilion" of the deceased Confucian scholar, and Nishan Academy, one of the four major academies in Qufu.

Admission: 50 yuan/person

Tip: The scenic spot is located in Nishan Town, southeast of Qufu. You can drive directly to the scenic spot from Nishan exit of Ridong Expressway.

Confucius and Liu Yicheng

Highlights: National 4A-level scenic spots and study bases, deeply experience the appreciation of Confucius' six arts "Rite, Music, Shooting, Imperial, Calligraphy and Numbering", "Ancient Rhyme of Xingtan" and "Six Arts Music and Dance", and watch Qufu's intangible cultural heritage and folk performances.

Admission: 60 yuan/person

Miao Yan

Highlight: Yan Hui, a national 3A-level scenic spot and national protection unit, has a special restoration temple, which contains the ugly alley well that Yan Hui used to drink water in the past. Qi Palace was built in Yuan Dynasty, and its scale is second only to Confucius Temple, so Yanzi's descendants should not miss it.

Admission: 50 yuan/person

Tip: This scenic spot is located in the northeast of Confucius Scenic Area, and it is very convenient to visit. In the south of Miao Yan Scenic Area is the famous Louxiang Street. According to the Analects of Confucius, Yan Hui "lived on the first floor, enjoyed eating and drinking once, and people couldn't bear to worry about it, so they didn't change their fun when they went back". You might as well walk in the mean alley and feel the vicissitudes of history.

Liaohe park

Aspect: National Wetland Park, 3A-level scenic spot, a lake with spring water, blue eyes, pavilions and picturesque scenery!

Admission: free.

Tip: The scenic spot is located in Chengnan District of Qufu City, along the Liaohe River, with a total length of 10 miles. The night view is particularly beautiful. It is suggested that in addition to sightseeing during the day, you can also enjoy the "most beautiful night" in Liaohe River.

Confucius research institute

Highlights: World Confucius Institute Teacher and Student Experience Base, Great Confucius Exhibition.

Admission: 40 yuan/person

Tip: The scenic spot is located 300 meters south of Confucius Temple, which can be reached on foot.

Zhougong temple

Highlights: National 3A-level scenic spots, national cultural relics protection units, and Zhougong Temple. Because Lu was the fief of the Duke of Zhou, he was given the gift of the son of heaven after his death. Xu Luguo built a temple to worship King Wen, which is now the Zhougong Temple. There is a "Ren Qiming" tablet in the temple, engraved with the inscription of the Duke of Zhou instructing his son to do things.

Admission: 50 yuan/person

Tip: The scenic spot is located in the northeast of Qufu Ming ancient city, with convenient transportation.

Confucius culture

Aspect: Confucius Cultural Park is a high-level cultural garden with The Analects as its content, calligraphy as its form, inscriptions as its carrier and classical gardens as its environment. Bo selected the masterpieces of 5 12 famous calligraphers from China at home and abroad, and carefully crafted craftsmen put them on stones and spread them all over the garden, which is a veritable "calligraphy garden".

Admission: free.

Tip: The scenic spot is located 300 meters south of the Confucius Temple, separated from the Confucius Institute all the way. Not only the inscription is exquisite, but also the garden landscape is excellent.

Shao Hao Shouqiu Tomb

Aspect: Shouqiu is the birthplace of Xuanyuan Huangdi. There are two Song Dynasty stone tablets in the scenic area, which are tall and commonly known as "ten thousand people are worried about the country". Shao Hao's tomb is the tomb of Shao Hao, one of the five emperors.

Admission: 50 yuan/person

Tip: This scenic spot is located in the old county village of Shuyuan Street, and it is a good place to find roots and ancestors, and to think about the past and explore the secluded places.

Confucius' parents' cemetery

Aspect: Confucius' parents cemetery, also known as Qisheng Wang Lin, is located on the south bank of Sihe River in the east of Qufu City. It is the cemetery of Confucius' parents and his brother Meng Pi is also buried here. At present, the cemetery of Confucius' parents is 200 meters long from north to south and 143 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of about 42,000 square meters. There are 467 trees such as cypress, juniper, cypress and oak.

Admission: free.

Zhusi college

Aspect: Zhusi Academy is located 4 kilometers northeast of Qufu City, with Zhushui in the south and Sihe River in the north. It is the place where Confucius gives lectures and writes, and it is also the "source of living water" of Confucian culture. Now Zhusi Academy is 136 meters long from north to south and 99.4 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of about 19400 square meters. Before and after entering the courtyard, the whole building is hidden among pines and cypresses.

Admission: free.

Yuanjueshan

Aspect: Jue Yuan Scenic Area is located in Fangshan Town, Qufu City, where you can enjoy the profound Buddhist culture and visit Buddhist temples.

Admission: free.

Yin fusheng Taiyuan

Aspect: Yin Fu Ecological Culture Park is located in Lingcheng Town, Qufu City. It is a comprehensive botanical garden integrating popular science education, sightseeing and leisure, with beautiful landscape and rich scientific and cultural connotations. Modern participatory green, healthy and recreational cultural projects are planted in the park, and features such as farm planting and folk culture are integrated into the park. At present, thousands of acres of begonia have entered the late flowering stage.

Admission: free.

Qufu botanical garden

Aspect: Qufu Botanical Garden is divided into two functional areas, the wetland exhibition area in the west and the cultural entertainment and leisure area in the east. It is an ecological landscape garden integrating tourism, leisure, culture and education, popular science exhibition and other functions. At present, peony and other flowers in the garden are gradually entering the blooming period.

Admission: free.

Introduction to Qufu Confucius Temple Scenic Area Introduction to Qufu Confucius Temple

1. Confucius Temple (Qufu), also known as "Queli-Shengmiao", is located 300 meters west of the Drum Tower in downtown Qufu. It is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China. Founded in Lu Aigong in the 17th year (478 BC), it has been expanded and repaired in past dynasties.

2. The Confucius Temple in Qufu is dedicated to the former residence of Confucius at the age of 18. Since the Western Han Dynasty, emperors of past dynasties have continuously sealed posthumous title for Confucius, and the scale of Confucius Temple has become larger and larger, becoming the largest Confucius Temple in China. Most of the existing buildings were completed in the Ming and Qing dynasties, covering an area of 327 mu, with 9 courtyards before and after. There are 464 halls, altars and gates in the temple. Surrounded by red walls and turrets at four corners, it is modeled after the Forbidden City in Beijing. Together with the neighboring Confucius House and Kong Lin in the north of the city, it is called "Three Holes".

Brief introduction of Confucius Temple and Qufu Confucius Temple

Brief introduction of Confucius Temple in Qufu

The Confucius Temple in Qufu, also known as Queli-Shengmiao, is located 300 meters west of the Drum Tower in downtown Qufu. This is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China. Founded in Lu Aigong in the 17th year (478 BC), it has been expanded and repaired in past dynasties.

Most of the existing buildings were completed in the Ming and Qing dynasties, covering an area of 327 mu, with 9 courtyards before and after. There are 464 halls, altars and gates in the temple. Surrounded by red walls and turrets at four corners, it is modeled after the Forbidden City in Beijing. Together with the neighboring Confucius House and Kong Lin in the north of the city, it is called "Three Holes".

Extended data:

The history of Confucius Temple in Qufu can be traced back to the second year of Confucius' death, that is, the forty-second year of the week (seventeen years, the first 478 years). The specifications of the ancestral temple are in accordance with the provisions of the Zhou Dynasty ritual system: "There are seven temples of emperors, five temples of princes, three temples of doctors, one temple of scholars, and there is no temple in Shu Ren." The temples of scholars and doctors are located on the east side of their residence, in the same gate as their residence.

When Confucius was in politics in Shandong, he was the highest "big scout", but he never returned to politics after traveling around the world, so his identity is still "cloth".

Do all the descendants of Confucius live in Confucius' house?

No, only the feast dukes of each generation can live in Confucius' world.

Confucius House is the place where the eldest son and grandson of Confucius' descendants live, and it is also the official residence and private residence of feast dukes in past dynasties. There were only three old houses of Confucius in the early days, and later generations worshipped Confucius in the humble old house and built houses according to the temple. Today's Confucius House has gradually developed and expanded with the continuous improvement of Confucius' status in the long years to come.

The direct branch of Confucius is dedicated to Confucius, who originally lived in his hometown in Queli, and was called "Fengfeng House". With the rise of Confucius' position and his descendants' official position, Confucius' residence is expanding day by day.

During the Cao Wei period, he also gave a lecture hall outside the temple, which was "widely used as a scholar of residential houses". By the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were dozens of houses for descendants of Confucius. In the Jin Dynasty, there were buildings in the east of the temple where the descendants of Confucius lived, such as guest house, sitting room, fasting hall, curtilage hall, Enqing hall and Shuanggui hall.

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The Last Feast Duke Living in Confucius' House:

Kong Decheng (1February 23, 920-65438+20081October 28), whose real name was Confucianism, the 77th grandson of Confucius, attacked the feast duke of 3 1 generation (the last feast duke).

1July, 937, because Qufu was about to fall, Chiang Kai-shek was afraid of falling into the hands of the Japanese and was fostered as a cultural puppet. He ordered Sun Lingbing, the commander of the army, to leave his hometown and move to Chongqing.

1948 went to the United States to inspect the construction of spiritual civilization. From 65438 to 0949, he moved to Taiwan Province Province, where he served as president of the Examination Institute, senior minister of the Presidential Palace and professor of universities. After moving to Taiwan, Kong Decheng continued to enjoy the hereditary privilege, with a monthly salary of NT$ 654.38+RMB 8,000 (about RMB 40,000). His only job is to attend the ceremony of Confucius Temple in Taipei every year on Confucius' birthday.

1998, Kong Decheng's official position "Dacheng Sage worships politics" was abolished. He died in Taiwan Province Province on October 28th, 2008, at the age of 88.

Baidu encyclopedia-Confucius

Where are the three Confucius Temples in China?

1, Confucius Temple in Qufu, Shandong Province: Qufu is the hometown of Confucius, and Qufu Confucius Temple is the home temple of Confucius, the largest and earliest Confucius Temple and the birthplace of Confucius Temple. Qufu Confucius Temple is located in the south gate of Qufu City, Shandong Province. Due to the continuous renovation and expansion of emperors, it now covers an area of about 95,000 square meters, and the main hall Dacheng Hall was inscribed by Yong Zhengdi in the Qing Dynasty. The Confucius Temple in Qufu has become an ancient architectural complex second only to the Forbidden City, and it is a model of large-scale temple architecture in ancient China.

2. Beijing Confucius Temple Andingmen Guozijian Street 13 is the place where Confucius was sacrificed in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Confucius was once honored as "Great Sage", so he was also called the Temple of the First Teacher. Now it is the seat of the Capital Museum. After many expansions and renovations in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Confucius Temple in Beijing has formed its present scale and layout, but its structure still retains the architectural style of Yuan Dynasty. Confucius Temple was built in Dade six years in Yuan Dynasty (1302), covering an area of about 22,000 square meters, with a history of 708 years.

3. The Confucius Temple in Deyang, Sichuan is a well-preserved large-scale Confucian temple with strong local characteristics in western China. Known as "a Xichuan of Deyang Confucian Temple", it was announced by the State Council in June 20001year. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. The existing building area is 20,800 square meters, which is the basic pattern of the Qing Dynasty. With southern architectural style, it has unique local characteristics compared with the ordinary wooden workshops of Confucius Temple in inland county. The back garden of the Confucian temple is well preserved, which is extremely rare in the Confucian temple.

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According to preliminary statistics, by the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were more than 500 Confucius Temples/KLOC-0 in states, counties and counties all over the country. There are 9 Confucius temples preserved in Guangxi and 3 in Yulin, and Xingye Confucius Temple is one of them.

"Thousands of years of rites and music belong to Donglu, and people have been wearing clothes to worship the king since ancient times." The influence of Confucius' theory on China's ideological circle can be described as "morality and heaven" and "Taoism and antiquity". Confucius Temple is a symbol of the common culture of the Chinese nation and the spiritual world of our Chinese sons and daughters. Traditional respect for China people's feelings and concepts, such as respect for religion, respect for teachers and respect for the country, has been integrated into the blood of China people and infiltrated into the souls of China people. Where the style of writing rises, there must be temples dedicated to Confucius.

Reference materials People's Daily Online-Historical Track of Confucius Temple

When does the Confucius Temple in Qufu open? What should I pay attention to?

1, the Confucius Temple opens at 8 o'clock, and the boss specially reminds us that there is a grand opening ceremony before opening the door, which is very convenient from the hotel in the past few minutes. Confucius Temple: Opening hours: 8: 00-11:30; 13: 00- 16: 00, Confucius: opening hours: 7: 30- 16: 30, Kong Lin: opening hours: 7: 30- 16: 30, of course, it is best not to go in the tourist season. ).

2. It should be noted that, in layman's terms, just going out to play is for fun. Don't let a small photo of a profiteer spoil the atmosphere. People are afraid of being slaughtered elsewhere. After reading this article, you will be happy.

3. After leaving high-speed railway station and the bus station, you can take the taxi of Anxin Company. The bus station to the scenic spot does not exceed 30 yuan, and the bus station to the scenic spot does not exceed 10 yuan. If it is too high, you will be caught. You can use the mobile phone to drip the express train, or you can take the local bus to the vicinity of the scenic spot. Whole journey 1 yuan bus. You can also take an unlicensed electric tricycle or a small four-wheeled battery car and negotiate with reference to the above price. The disadvantage is insecurity.

Why is Nanjing Confucius Temple called Confucius Temple?

Nanjing Confucius Temple is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China. Its full name is "Wenxuan King Temple, Dacheng Sage", referred to as "Confucian Temple".

Confucius has been honored as "Confucius" since ancient times, so his temple is commonly known as "Confucius Temple". Nanjing Confucius Temple was built in the first year of Song Jingyu (A.D. 1034) and was expanded from the Eastern Jin Academy. Today, the Confucius Temple has taken on a brand-new look, known as the scenic spot of Qinhuai, and has become a characteristic landscape area of the ancient city of Nanjing, as well as a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.

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Confucius Temple is a group of large-scale ancient buildings, mainly composed of Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Gong Yuan, covering a huge area. There are buildings such as Zhaobi, Chi Pan, Paifang, Juxing Court, Kuixingge, Lingxingmen, Dacheng Hall, Mingdetang and Zunjingge. Confucius Temple, known as the scenic spot of Qinhuai, has become a characteristic scenic spot in the ancient capital Nanjing. It is the largest traditional ancient market in China, and ranks as the four major downtown areas in China along with Shanghai Chenghuang Temple, Suzhou Xuanmiao Temple and Beijing Tianqiao.

Confucius Temple was built in the third year of Sima Yan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (337), and was converted into Confucius Temple in the first year of Song Jing (1034). From the Six Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many aristocratic families gathered nearby, so it was called "Six Dynasties Gold Powder". Hundreds of famous military strategists, politicians and writers such as Fan Li, Zhou Yu, Wang Dao, Xie An, Li Bai, Du Mu and Wu have created immortal achievements here, writing a chapter that will be told for generations.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Nanjing Confucius temple

The Forbidden City in Beijing, Dai Temple in Shandong and Confucius Temple in Qufu, what is the meaning of "Dai", what is the meaning of "Kong" and what is the understanding of this sentence?

Dai Temple in Shandong Province refers to Mount Tai. Confucius refers to Confucius in the Confucius Temple in Qufu. The understanding of this sentence is all the places of interest in China!

When was the Confucius Temple built?

Confucius Temple was built in Lu Aigong in the seventeenth year (478 BC). The year after Confucius died, Lu Aigong turned his old house into a temple.

Qufu Confucius Temple, also known as Queli-Shengmiao, is located 300 meters west of Gulou in Qufu City. This is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China. Founded in Lu Aigong in the 17th year (478 BC), it has been expanded and repaired in past dynasties.

The Confucius Temple in Qufu is dedicated to the former residence of Confucius at the age of 18. Since the Western Han Dynasty, emperors of past dynasties have continuously sealed posthumous title for Confucius, and the scale of Confucius Temple has become larger and larger, becoming the largest Confucius Temple in China.

The length from north to south of Confucius Temple is 637m in the east and 651.7 m in the west; East-west width: south 14 1m, middle153m; The area is about 96,000 square meters. There are nine courtyards, the first three are guiding courtyards, and the number of buildings is increasing from the fourth courtyard. The sixth courtyard is divided into three roads: left, middle and right.

The reconstructed buildings are dense and orderly, with strict layout, central axis and left-right symmetry. Temple, hall, pavilion, door, square 104, 466 rooms, construction area 16000 square meters.

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The architectural pattern of Confucius Temple;

The plane of Confucius Temple is rectangular and arranged along the north-south central axis. Symmetry, rigorous layout. There are nine yards in all. In front of it, there are Xingxingmen, Shengshimen, Hongdimen, Dazhong Gate, Wentong Gate, Kuiwenge Pavilion and the Ming Tombs Pavilion. Starting from Dashengmen, the building is divided into three roads: Dachengmen, Xingtan, Dacheng Hall, Sleeping Hall, with Shengji Hall in the middle.

They are places where Confucius, Confucianism and sages are worshipped; East Road is the Holy Gate, Poetry Auditorium, Laojing, Ruby, Shengyan and Family Temple. Most of them were places where Confucius ancestors were sacrificed in the last five generations; On the west road, there are buildings such as Shengkaimen, Jinsitang, Shengkaiwangdian and Bedroom, which are places where Confucius' parents are sacrificed.

There are five temples, one temple, one pavilion, one altar, two halls, seventeen stone pavilions and fifty tripartite halls in the whole temple, with a total of 466 halls, which were built in the Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China periods respectively. The most famous buildings of Confucius Temple are Lingxing Gate, Gate No.2, Kuiwen Pavilion, Xingtan, Dacheng Hall, Sleeping Hall, Monument Hall and Poetry Auditorium.