The life span of the universe is 65.438+0.382 billion years, but the diameter of the universe is 92 billion light years. Is this a contradiction?

A: This is not contradictory, because the universe has been expanding dynamically since its birth. On the premise that the speed of light is constant, the expansion of the universe will cause light to travel farther to reach the observer.

According to BIGBANG's evolutionary model, our universe was born in an explosion 65.438+038 billion years ago, and the universe expanded from a point with an infinitesimal radius to the present universe. Because the speed of light is constant, the light emitted from a long distance will not have enough time to reach any point around the earth, so the concept of Hubble volume came into being.

Hubble volume: It means that in the sphere space centered on the observer, the light emitted by all objects has enough time to reach the observer, also known as Hubble sphere.

Astronomical observation shows that our Hubble volume radius is about 46 billion light years, and the current expansion speed of the universe is about 67.8(km/s)/Mpc, that is, at a distance of one million parsec (about 3.26 million light years), the mutual regression speed caused by the expansion of the universe is 67.8km/s, and it is still accelerating.

The age of our universe is 65.438+038 billion years, and the diameter of Hubble volume is 92 billion light years, which is actually very understandable. If the universe is stable from its birth, then the age of the universe is 65.438+038 billion years, and the corresponding Hubble volume radius is 65.438+038 billion light years. We saw an image 65.438+038 billion light years away, which was the image at the beginning of the Big Bang.

The universe has been expanding, so the space between light and the earth has been expanding. Because the speed of light is constant, the time for light to reach the observer will be longer than the steady-state time, so our Hubble volume radius will definitely be greater than 65.438+038 billion light years.

As long as we know the expansion speed of the universe in each period, we can infer the actual radius of Hubble volume according to the BIGBANG model theory.

So we usually say that the distance of a galaxy is not the actual distance. For example, the M87 galaxy is 55 million light years away from the Earth, which means that the light emitted by the M87 galaxy has been observed in space for 55 million years (relative to the Earth reference system). Due to the expansion of the universe, the actual distance between M87 galaxy and the Earth at this moment must be more than 55 million light years, maybe 200 million years or even 10 years.

If our universe keeps expanding, then the light from distant galaxies will never reach the earth, because the retrogression speed too far will exceed the speed of light. At present, the actual distance from the Earth is more than 65.438+0.44 billion light years, and the retrogression speed of galaxies has exceeded the speed of light.

At present, Hubble is only about 5% of the galaxy, and the light emitted at this moment can reach the earth in the future, and the proportion will be smaller as time goes by; If the theory of thermal silence is correct, after hundreds of billions of years, only our galaxy cluster will be left in the Hubble volume.

In fact, this data is not wrong. According to classical physics, you will find that the age and expansion speed of the universe are very fast. Even if the expansion speed is the speed of light, the universe can't expand to today's diameter after spending 65.438+0.38 billion years, which means that the expansion of the universe is superluminal. Relativity suggests that nothing can reach the speed of light. How to solve this contradictory problem?

In other words, if today's data is correct, then the expansion of the universe is indeed beyond the speed of light. Knowing that matter cannot travel at the speed of light. Except for photons, because the static mass of photons is zero, it moves with dynamic light waves, and its speed is the speed of light! But through various calculations, the universe is indeed faster than the speed of light. If matter cannot exceed the speed of light, then there is only one other possibility, that is, time and space are integrated. In our existing universe, time and space are not matter.

In other words, time and space have been divorced from the category of matter. If space-time does not belong to matter, then even if it expands at superluminal speed. It does not violate Einstein's theory of relativity, indeed. After the Big Bang, the universe had a period of rapid expansion, during which the expansion speed exceeded the speed of light, and then the universe began to slow down and enter the cooling stage, so matter was born.

Depending on the current technology, we don't know whether the expansion of the universe will exceed the speed of light today, because the farther away the celestial body is from us, the greater its redshift value, which means that the expansion of the universe will be faster and faster. The farthest universe we have observed is only 13 1 100 million light years. This is equivalent to one third of Hubble's volume, and we don't know how fast it is expanding at the edge of the universe.

This is not a contradiction. If we want to understand this problem, we must know two premises.

First, the expansion speed of the universe at the beginning of its birth was much faster than the speed of light.

Second, it took about 300,000 years after the birth of the universe to have light.

According to some observations and speculations, in the early days of the birth of the universe, in a very short period of time, after a period of skyrocketing, the volume of the universe instantly expanded to a very large volume. From a macro point of view, this speed is almost equivalent to an orange-sized space expanding to the size of the Milky Way in the blink of an eye. So this expansion speed is much faster than the speed of light, and it is another point that the expansion speed of space can be faster than the speed of light, which is inconsistent with relativity.

After this skyrocketing, the expansion speed of the universe began to slow down, but the initial expansion speed also exceeded the speed of light. In this way, in 300 thousand years, space has been very large, but before that, there was no light in the universe.

When the universe was born, four basic forces appeared one after another, then elementary particles were produced, and positive and negative quarks began to appear. Followed by other elementary particles, such as protons, neutrons, mesons and so on. However, due to the high temperature of the universe (the temperature here is not what we usually say, but the activity of particles), although photons appear, they are coupled with other particles and cannot be independent. It was not until 300,000 years later that the temperature of the universe fell, photons decoupled and existed in an independent form, and light appeared in the universe.

It was 300,000 years before light appeared in the universe. But at this time, the universe is already very big, and the distance between some material lumps in the universe is already very far away.

Let's give an example at last. Suppose people walk 65,438+000 kilometers a year, we call this distance 65,438+0 person-years. So, after 30 years, have people already walked the distance of 30 years? Not necessarily, because this person walked 1000 kilometers by train in the first three months, and then started to walk, so we can see that although only 30 years have passed, the distance of that person is far greater than 30 years.

At the moment of the big bang, protons left the singularity much faster than the speed of light. Only in the second year after the Big Bang could the universe expand to almost half the size of the present universe. At that moment, the speed of light was far greater than the current speed of light. After more than ten minutes in BIGBANG, a lot of today's matter was produced, and now all the physical forces are produced. Under the influence of gravity and other forces, protons begin to slow down ... then the forces gradually balance, and photons continue to move at the current speed of light according to "inertia"

I think there are several possibilities:

Possibility 1: It is known that the life span of the universe is 65.438+0.38 billion years and the diameter of the universe is 92 billion light years. These two figures should be approximate figures, and the actual situation may be larger (maybe smaller) than these two figures, but the current cognition is that the expansion speed of the universe after BIGBANG should be ∞ times that of the speed of light (human beings know that the speed of light propagation is 300,000 km/ s, but what human beings don't know is expansion.

Possibility 2: Humans are exploring the universe on the earth, and the solar system, the Milky Way and even the local galaxy cluster where the earth is located may not be at the center of the universe, but at a certain edge of the universe, so the depth of the light and shadow universe we see is infinite, because we can't see the light and shadow universe on the other side (the other side doesn't emit light), so we are curious why the age of the universe is only 65.438+038 billion years, while the diameter of the universe is 924.38 billion years.

Possibly three, human cognition of the universe is a three-dimensional universe, but it is not necessarily true, because human beings live in a three-dimensional space (this so-called three-dimensional space is actually human's own definition), and the universe that human beings see is a light and shadow universe, so when human beings enclose everything they see in the three-dimensional space of their known world, they cannot explain some cosmic phenomena, such as dark matter, antimatter and black holes. For example, the age and size of the universe (because it is not necessarily true to measure the size of the universe in light years), whether the tone of human's own definition of cosmic phenomena is true or not remains to be broadened by human beings, just like thousands of years ago, when human beings did not understand the natural phenomena on the earth, they gave it to God's will, and our understanding of the universe was constantly updated.

I am also talking about Kan Kan, because the question itself is uncertain.

The universe is infinite-where does its "diameter" come from?

Matter is eternal existence (where there is matter, there is the universe) ―― How can there be "longevity"?

In fact, these fallacies have been refuted in the subject's question (the small print part)-"Assuming that the earth is the center"-so, does the star "on the edge of the universe" that humans see now no longer exist?

BIGBANG itself is a conjecture, and its premise is that there must be dark energy. Where is the dark energy now? If the universe was born 65.438+0.37 billion years ago, we can see that the radius of the universe is 465 light years, then the background radiation as the outermost layer of the universe should be 46.5 billion light years away and expand at superluminal speed, then can we still observe the background radiation of the universe?

If anyone can clearly predict that the life span of the universe is still 65.438+0.382 billion light years, and know that the diameter of the universe is 92 billion light years, then he is an excellent expert in predicting everything, the past and the future, and he knows all the information about the mysterious life of the past and the future generated by the life span of all people. If anyone really has such advanced amazing skills, if he can help others tell their fortune at the end of the street, or predict all the businesses that companies did during that time, and all the success or failure information can be known to everyone, then this unparalleled forecaster will immediately roll into his house, and the scenery will be infinite!

Your problem may not exist;

Because all the known figures are subjective, you should never take them as truth.

As far as students know, there is no such thing as a half-inch diameter in the universe.

The universe is a whole space, with no starting point and no edge; Or no singularity!

Say one more thing:

The so-called strangeness is concocted by liars because they can't say it, and more lies are used to cover up previous lies.

You said that the life span of the universe is 65.438+0.382 billion years. So tomorrow the universe will be s! ?