Fortune Telling Collection - Ziwei fortune-telling - What are the folk houses in Shanxi?

What are the folk houses in Shanxi?

You mean types: rural lifestyles in northern Shanxi, northwestern Shanxi and Jinzhong can be roughly divided into several types.

First, cave dwellings are common in northwestern Shanxi and northern Shanxi, including Luliang area. There are several types of caves. One is a cave dug on the bank of the Loess Plateau. There are many such caves in the mountains. The caves dug in are generally one bright and two dark. The caves dug in can be divided into several situations: one is to put a layer of white ash on the wall after digging in, and then live on the kang. Of course, doors and windows should be covered with wood frames, paper and glass. The other is to build a layer of brick in the dug cave, then plaster it, put it on the kang and live in the doors and windows. Another is to build the front of the cave with bricks, in which the original earth holes are kept. These are all dug caves.

The other is a cave made of masonry, which is more common in mountainous areas and Pingchuan. The main reason why local people want to close this cave is that it is warm in winter and cool in summer. This cave can be divided into several situations. First, the characteristics of all-brick self-closing caves. Second, caves that are all closed by stones, and third, caves that are all closed by adobe. The fourth kind is a cave with mixed bricks and stones, or a self-styled brick. Most of these caves are built on flat ground, with kang and wooden doors and windows.

The bungalows in northern Shanxi and northwestern Shanxi are generally divided into several types. One is the bungalow of ordinary farmers, that is, the bungalow with earth walls and the bungalow with brick walls. This kind of house has a flat roof, on which you can dry and store grain. There is also a roof on the roof of the tile, but it is not a two-story building, so it can also be called a bungalow. In the tile house, it is divided into one socket and two sockets. Many old tile houses of people in Xinzhou area have been flooded. This tile house, which comes out of the water, is a tile, and the other side of the tile ridge is cut into a flat wall root. In the past, tile houses with one socket and two sockets were mostly built by rich people. Most of the tile houses built now are brick to the top, not half brick and half adobe.

This kind of brick house and flat roof house generally like to be bright and dark in the above areas. The hall is bright, and there are two rooms in the dark. There are three rooms in a row.

Wutai county has a large number of wooden houses. To the north of loess slope, there are mostly brick walls and tile roofs; In the area of Dongye Town, most of them are earth-walled bungalows. Before the liberation of the local people, there were three rooms, one for storing food and sundries, one for living room, one for kang, and a cabinet. In the other room, put the stove. If it is a single-room house, it is all built opposite the door and is often used as a new house. In the Taihuai area, the situation is different. The house here is low, with one hall and two rooms. After the founding of New China, the local people used row houses (that is, main rooms) instead of quadrangles, which had the advantage of good lighting. Indoor structure, multiple suites or back holes, not only pay attention to hygiene, but also facilitate life. Among the customs of Wutai people, in the courtyard, it is better for the ancients to plant elms after planting locust trees, but it is ominous to plant willow trees. Nowadays, people pay attention to economic value. In the newly built courtyard, most people planted poplars from Beijing and Canada.

When building a house, when building a wall with earth, there are lettering on the wall, and when erecting beams, there is the custom of sticking couplets. In the past, couplets wrote "Liang meets the ecliptic and the purple star" and so on. Now, the content of Liang couplets has changed. Write it as "as steady as Mount Tai and as firm as a rock" to celebrate.

In Xinzhou area and Yanbei area, most people like to draw Kangwai paintings in their rooms, especially in Yuanping County. Painting around the kang can protect the wall, pay attention to hygiene and beautify the house. Kangwai painting is also a wonderful work of folk arts and crafts. The paintings around the kang are mostly auspicious and wishful. Such as The Magpie Boats to the Sea, The Kirin Delivers the Son, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Taibai Drunk, Su Wu Shepherd.

The dwellings in this area are generally kang, mainly for heating in winter. Generally, pots and stoves are installed indoors for cooking and heating, and there are few separate stoves. Moreover, the cooker is connected to the kang, so you can sleep on the hot kang in winter, which is good for heating.

Ordinary people in Fan Shi, residents of Pingchuan Village, usually have tubular tile houses with civil structures or white-gray bungalows and quadrangles. In the yard, the toilet is located in the southwest.

Mountain residents, houses are mostly caves. Adobe caves are mostly closed, and adobe kilns are dug by mountains. There are no obvious gatehouses and courtyards in the courtyard. Surrounded by earth walls and fences, there are no firewood and fences for access.

The central area of Shanxi is different from the western and northern areas.

Jinzhong, Taiyuan, Yangquan area, rural people live in bungalows, and there are very few tile houses, even if there are, they are left over before liberation.

In Taiyuan, Jinzhong and Yangquan, most houses are quadrangles, but bedrooms are generally placed in the north room, and according to the trend, it is possible to replace quadrangles with the north room. Taiyuan and Jinzhong include Fenyang, Jiaocheng and Wenshui counties. Most people's quadrangles have walls and gates, and the decoration of the gates is also more exquisite. There is a gatehouse at the entrance of the courtyard, and there is a screen when someone enters the door, and the word "Fu" is prominently placed there. The gate of the yard is usually painted. Nowadays, many people's courtyard doors have changed the custom of wooden doors in the past and switched to iron doors, one for safety and the other for beauty and durability.

The quadrangles in Taiyuan and Jinzhong used to be mostly adobe houses. Nowadays, they are mostly replaced by brick-by-brick houses. Moreover, the paper window is replaced by a glass window, which is convenient for lighting. Indoor, is still a heatable adobe sleeping platform. In order to keep warm, I used to sleep on the heatable adobe sleeping platform. The indoor floors of many families are plastered with sand ash, which is clean and tidy, while others are cement floors.

In interior decoration, window grilles, kang paintings and New Year pictures are indispensable.

Many people in Jinzhong also like to live in caves. In Pingchuan area, caves are made of bricks and stones, so it is warm in winter and cool in summer. But there are also some remote county towns that still live in mud caves.

In Lingshi County, Jinzhong, both urban people and rural people like to live in caves. Lingshi produces coal and it is easy to burn bricks, so most people repair brick caves. Others live in caves and dig in the mountains. In Chengguan area, people like to build tile houses.

Most people in Nanxiang, Yuxian County, Yangquan City live in houses with civil structures, and some are houses with brick and wood structures. Locals, quadrangles are generally square or rectangular. Some are quadrangles, some are three-bedroom houses, and some are upper and lower rooms. The courtyard is generally spacious and bright, and the ground in the courtyard is generally paved with bricks.

In a hospital, there are usually three main rooms, but there are also five rooms. Inside is a suite. Opposite the main room is the south room, which is called inverted seat by the locals. Around the house, walls are generally built. In the past, squire courtyards were often deep houses, and some of them entered the courtyards two or three times.

Yuxian Beixiang is mostly a single tile house with earth, wood and stone structure, and few people live in caves and ovaries. Some people also live in brick houses. In this place, the walls of courtyards and houses are mostly made of stone, then leveled with yellow mud, and rarely made of bricks.

In Dongxiang, Yuxian, most people live in caves made of bluestone. The local caves are 10 feet deep, 10 feet wide and 10 feet high. Few people live in caves. The cave dwellings of the local people are made of masonry with doors and windows. The local people live in bungalows, the foundation is stone seats, and the walls are adobe, made of lime and furnace ash slag. This kind of room is the simplest and most labor-saving.

In the south of Shanxi, including Linfen and Yuncheng, most people live in large roof tile houses with civil and brick and wood structures. In the old days, there were many quadrangles, with three rooms and one row, and the north room was mostly the first room. There are also houses, bright and dark. In the south of Shanxi, there are also people living in caves in most areas, and there are also earth caves in the form of "pits". Of course, there are also a few areas with "two floors"

There is a local saying that "money can't live in the southeast room".

After the founding of New China, farmers' houses were mostly single-family houses, and most of them were changed into the form of five rooms in the whole north, with tall doors and windows, spacious and bright.

In the room, most bedrooms are heatable adobe sleeping platform. In recent years, the number of people using beds has gradually increased. And the number of people who live on the second floor and build the second floor is gradually increasing.

People in southern Shanxi, Pingchuan people live in tile houses and there are many caves in mountainous areas.

When people in southern Shanxi build houses, they usually put up couplets, set off firecrackers and have a light meal to entertain guests. This is also one of the local customs.

There are many changes in houses in southeastern Shanxi, including Changzhi and Jincheng, which can be said to be all kinds of houses. There are tile houses, brick houses, flat-roofed houses and cave houses, and what is more distinctive is the two-story building of the local people.

The second floor in the southeast of Shanxi is generally uninhabited, and only some food, furniture and sundries are put on it. The first floor, usually the living room.

In the old days, the houses of ordinary people in southeastern Shanxi were mostly bungalows, low houses and earthen kilns. The houses are narrow and narrow, and the rooms are very simple. Most of the houses are due north. The building structure is mostly three rooms and three purlins or five rooms and three purlins. Generally, the shelf structure is eight feet deep, and the shelf is about seven feet. Most of them are houses with civil structures. In remote mountainous areas, many people live in caves. Local caves are generally cut into planes along mountains and terrain, and then excavated to the depth of the plane. This kind of earth hole is generally simple.

Naturally, the rich family of the old squire is also unusual. The gentry's home in southeastern Shanxi pays attention to several combinations and strings. Courtyard is mainly sihe building, with as many as two or three strings of houses. Most of the buildings are soft-packed, with exposed columns, eight immortals of light and shade, dripping water from a cat's head, semi-circular tiles on the roof, five ridges and six beasts, and pavilions, platforms, buildings and pavilions are set up in the courtyard. The "famous" home is even more magnificent, with flagpoles, plaques and facades. Most of the plaques are fame, happiness, filial piety, congratulations and longevity.

Rich people are very particular about interior decoration. What drawers, crates, cabinets, square tables, plush chairs, table bars and so on. In official families, a timetable should be set, a bell should be hung for a "golden Buddha" memorial tablet, a nave screen should be set up, and eight scenes of poetry and calligraphy should be painted.

After the founding of New China, great changes have taken place in the living conditions in southeastern Shanxi. Like other areas, new houses are mostly built in dry, ventilated, sunny places with wide horizons. Moreover, the new building has simple structure, wide doors and windows, bright interior, and the structure, modeling, lighting and heating should be taken into account. Houses built generally face south, and the shelves are generally about ten feet long and more than two feet deep. Most rooms are five purlins and seven purlins deep. Most of these new houses are brick and wood structures. Most of them are single-family, walking freely, easy to get in and out, and the yard is square and sanitary. In recent years, two-story buildings with reinforced concrete structures built by individuals have appeared in many cities and rural areas.

Nowadays, in the urban and rural areas in southeastern Shanxi, quadrangles are also exquisite. The courtyard is decorated with colorful bouquets, walkways, indoor partitions, kitchens, bedrooms, guest rooms, bookstores and so on. And modern furniture has entered the family. This type of housing is generally in suburbs or towns.

In rural areas, most of them are newly-built bungalows, tile houses and two-story earth buildings. In mountainous areas, people still live in earth caves, most of which are brick and earth closed. The accommodation format has not changed, but the building materials and interior furnishings have changed greatly.

In Pingshun County in the southeast of Shanxi Province, most rural houses are caves. In lingchuan county, most of them are two-story buildings. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of rural living conditions, there are more and more two-story earth buildings.