Qing Di's son called him dad? It's grandma Huang, right?

Amar, Manchu, translated into Chinese is the father. If the father is the emperor, it is called "Khan Amar". In the memorials or official documents in the early and middle Qing Dynasty, whether in Chinese or not, it was called "Khan Ama". Or "the emperor's father". The so-called "Ama Emperor" is the title after the late Qing Dynasty was sinicized, which is found in Puyi's autobiography My First Half of Life.

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In the Qing dynasty, the etiquette of national laws was the most important, and the etiquette and appellation in officialdom were very measured, especially when the emperor or empress dowager summoned ministers at home and abroad, and the ministers saw that there was no mistake, so they must abide by the etiquette system.

If you are "disrespectful", those who are light will be fined (stop paying wages), and those who are heavy will be demoted, lost their official position or even sentenced. However, a large number of TV dramas and related historical novels with the theme of Qing Dynasty are full of mistakes in appellation.

For example, when ministers meet the emperor or empress dowager, they often call it "Long live" or "Empress Dowager is lucky" or "Lafayette is lucky", which is totally out of line with the etiquette system of the Qing Dynasty.

When the emperor or empress dowager summoned, all the officials of the Qing Dynasty knelt down. Han dynasty ministers must call themselves "I respectfully request the imperial edict of the emperor (or empress dowager)", while Manchu ministers are called "slaves".

Empresses, concubines and Manchu ministers call the emperor "the emperor" face to face or behind his back, and only the empress dowager or imperial concubine calls him the emperor. There are only a few exceptions in history of qing dynasty. For example, during the period of Xuan Tong, according to the book My First Half Life written by Puyi, "The Queen Mother and Princess all called me the emperor, so did my biological parents and grandmother, and others also called me the emperor".

Because Zai Feng is the regent of the country and the biological father of Puyi, otherwise Puyi cannot be called "the emperor".

Manchu people in Qili sometimes call the emperor "master", but not "long live"; "Long live" and so on are just names on the stage of drama. Yongzheng dynasty, don't say "long live" verbally, even if the words "long live without borders" and "long live" appear in the memorial, they will be denounced; Because Yong Zhengdi hates this flattery.

After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the eunuchs and maids of the emperor began to call the incumbent emperor "Long live the Lord", and added the year number before the word "Lord" for the deceased emperor, such as "Lord of Kangxi" and "Lord of Qianlong". The archives about the emperor recorded by eunuchs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs are also marked as "Long live the archives of the Lord" and so on. However, this is only limited to a few eunuchs, and ministers will not call it that.

As for Empress Dowager Cixi, it is even more absurd to say "Empress Dowager Cixi is lucky" and "Lafayette is lucky". Because first, according to official records, the emperor, empress, Manchu minister and most officials and eunuchs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs called Empress Dowager Cixi "Empress Dowager" in person or behind her back.

Secondly, it is a common way to greet eunuchs. Only some junior officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs will exchange good luck with eunuchs with status to show their closeness. Emperors, empresses and ministers will never say good luck to Empress Dowager Cixi.

As for "Lafayette", a few eunuchs and officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs secretly called Empress Dowager Cixi in the late Qing Dynasty to show their favor and closeness, but they never dared to do so in person (according to records, some people called it "the grandfather").

During the Tongzhi period, the Empresses of the two palaces listened to politics, and ministers would distinguish them by official honorifics, such as Niu Zhilu called "Empress Ci 'an", Ye Henala called "Empress Dowager Cixi", followed by "Dong Taihou" and "Western Empress", and the emperor called "Shangfang". For the dead Empress Dowager Cixi, ministers called it "Empress Qin Xiao", such as Nana.

Emperor Qianlong lived long. The attendants and eunuchs at that time did call him "Lafayette" and "Old Man", but ministers didn't call him that. Unofficial history records that Ji Xiaolan once called Emperor Qianlong an "old man" behind his back, but it happened that Emperor Qianlong heard this and wanted to punish him.

Thanks to Ji's witty explanation, Emperor Qianlong turned anger into joy. Whether the story is true or not, it can be seen that ministers can't call the emperor casually behind his back. The title of "old man" used by attendants and eunuchs still existed until the late Qing Dynasty, for example, Puyi's wet nurse called him this way.

For concubines, eunuchs call them "masters". Because the emperor has more than one concubine, there are titles in front. For example, Emperor Guangxu's concubine is called "Zhen Zhu" and Yu Zhu's concubine is called "Yu Zhu" to show the difference. The written language is called "theme".

As for the title of the prince, it is not quite the same as the "brother" in the current film and television drama. In the Qing dynasty, the names of governors were different. "Brother" is the title of a vassal, and officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and eunuchs are called "X Lord" according to the ranking of vassals. The written style is called "yellow x" according to the ranking. The emperor's daughter was called "Gege" before she was awarded the princess.

Ministers don't say "Emperor Kangxi" or "Emperor Qianlong" when they talk about the dead emperor when they play with him. For example, Emperor Jiaqing mentioned his father, Emperor Qianlong, when he was playing with the emperor. Emperor Jiaqing called it "Imperial Examination". Ministers must call the name of Emperor Qianlong's temple, the "Emperor Gaozongchun" in posthumous title. The official archives also indicate the year of the emperor's reign, the temple number when he died and posthumous title.

In addition, in common film and television dramas, the emperor addressed the minister's position, or when the minister mentioned others to the emperor, he addressed "Lord X" by his position (or title, title), which was also inconsistent with the system at that time. When the Qing Emperor or Empress Dowager received the minister, no matter how high his position or age, he always called him by his first name.

When the emperor and ministers talk about others, they always call them by their first names. Even if you are a prince, you are not called a title. Only when the emperor or empress dowager mentioned the Prince to others will others call him "Prince X" instead of calling him by his first name. There were only a few exceptions in the Qing Dynasty. For example, during the Shunzhi period, the emperor shunzhi called Regent Dourgen "uncle" and "father" instead of calling him by his first name.

During the Xuan Tong period, Zai Feng, the prince of alcohol, was not only the regent of the country, but also the biological father of the emperor Puyi, so Puyi called him "the prince". As for Prince Gong Yi, the close uncle of the Tongzhi emperor, he is the king of the proceedings, with great power and respected status, but he is only exempted from some etiquette of bowing to the court, and his title is still in accordance with the regulations.

In addition, the Qing dynasty paid special respect to the emperor's teachers, and often called them "sir" instead of "sir" to show superiority and respect. For example, Zhu Shi, Emperor Qianlong, respected his old school and moral character very much. In order to show respect, he was called "Mr. Ke Zhuting" ("Ke Ting" is another name for Zhu Shi, and the title shows respect). To other ministers, even if they are old, knowledgeable and prestigious, the emperor calls them by their first names.

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