What is a small old tree?

Trees that bear fruit prematurely due to improper management or poor site conditions. Rough trunk, few vegetative branches, thin branchlets, sparse and small leaves, few flowers, or low fruit setting rate, although there are flowers, small fruits, poor quality, weak vitality of the whole tree and short crown, it is easy to distinguish from short-rooted plants or short-branched fruit trees.

The reasons why old trees are small are as follows: ① The quality of seedlings is poor. For example, the grafting site is not completely healed, or the compatibility between rootstock and scion is poor, which hinders the conduction tissue and leads to weak growth; The root system is too heavy, the root is small and the fibrous root is few, so it can not be restored to life for a long time after planting; Suffering from root cancer and root rot, but not treated in time. ② Improper planting position. If the soil is too shallow or barren sandy land, it is often short of water and dry; The soil is too sticky, the drainage is not smooth, and it is easy to flood; Soil pH value is too high and too low, which leads to nutrient imbalance. ③ Poor management. If planted too deeply, root respiration will be blocked, so that young trees can not resume vegetative growth; The soil was not improved in time before and after planting, and there was a lack of fertilizer and water; Too much pruning, too much injury, affecting the tree potential, improper intercropping, crops and fruit trees compete for water and fertilizer. (four) the prevention and control of pests and diseases is not timely. If the branches are eaten by insects, the transport tissues are destroyed and the leaves fall off early, which will affect the production and accumulation of nutrients and directly weaken the growth function of fruit trees.

To rejuvenate small ancient trees, we must first analyze the reasons so as to take corresponding measures. Generally speaking, it is advisable to improve the root growth, improve the soil and increase the application of organic fertilizer (see orchard soil improvement). Overplanted 1 ~ 2-year-old young trees can be dug and replanted. Because the root system of small old trees is weak and their absorption ability is poor, it is advisable to apply a small amount of fertilizer frequently and water it in time after fertilization to facilitate absorption. In the growing season, topdressing outside the roots can be carried out many times. If accompanied by element deficiency, trace elements should be applied in a targeted manner. When pruning, it is not advisable to cut too much. Before the vegetative growth of fruit trees is restored, only some twigs and branches of diseases and pests are cut off; Leave as many branches and leaves as possible to enhance photosynthetic capacity and accelerate the recovery of aboveground growth potential. Trees with flower buds should not blossom and bear fruit in the plant recovery stage, so as to reduce consumption and promote the rejuvenation of the whole tree. Pests and diseases should be prevented in time to protect the leaves intact. If the root system is diseased or rotten, the soil should be scraped off and dried, the diseased root system should be removed, and the wound should be protected by applying drugs.

If the combination of rootstock and panicle is improper, another suitable variety should be selected for grafting. If the rootstock is not suitable, it must be rebuilt and new trees planted.