Classical Chinese Translation of Prison Cases in Spring and Autumn Period

1. Translation of Classical Chinese In Cui Shu, a man named Cui Shu went to the capital of song dynasty to take an examination of Jinshi, and lived in the south with a businessman for half a year. They became good friends. Later, the businessman was seriously ill. He said to Cui Shu, "Thank you for taking care of me these days. You didn't treat me like an outsider. My illness seems incurable. According to the custom in our hometown, people will be buried when they die. I hope you can help me. " Cui Shu answered his request. The businessman added, "I have a jewel, which is worth millions of dollars." If I get it, it can go through fire and water. This is really a precious pearl. I am willing to give it to you. " Cui Shu accepted the sphere curiously. On second thought, Cui Shu thought it was wrong: to be a scholar, you need to be given by your own government. How can you hide different treasures? After the merchant died, Cui Shu put the orb in the coffin, and when he was buried underground, he buried it in the grave.

A year later, Cui Shu went to Bozhou to make a living, and heard that the wife of a southern businessman came all the way from the south to find her dead husband and trace the whereabouts of Zhu Bao. The merchant's wife sued Cui Shu to the government, saying that Cui Xiucai must have got the orb. The government sent someone to arrest Cui Shu. Cui Shu said, "If the tomb was not stolen, the sphere must still be in the coffin." So the government sent someone to dig the grave and open the coffin, and sure enough, the orb was still in the coffin. The precious quality that Pei Yan thinks is really extraordinary. He wanted him to be an assistant, but he refused. In the second year, Cui Shu was admitted to Jinshi, and later became the examiner, enjoying a reputation of incorruptibility.

2. The classical Chinese translation of "lose-lose" is the original text.

Does the king care? There are two tigers fighting for people, and Zhuangzi wants to stab them. He wants to stop them: "Tigers are vicious insects; People are willing to take the bait. Today, two tigers are fighting with each other. The little one will die, and the big one will get hurt. Stabbing a tiger while waiting for an opportunity to hurt people is equal to killing two birds with one stone. It is easy to stab a tiger, but it is known as stabbing two tigers. Qi and Chu fight today, and the war will fail. If you are defeated, the king will save you, and you will have the benefit of saving Qi without the harm of cutting Chu. Only the king can do it if he listens and knows what to do. Planning is also the basis of things; Listen, it's a matter of life and death. If you listen to it by mistake, then your country is very few. Therefore, it is difficult to refute one or two plans, and it is difficult to confuse those who have heard the truth without losing it. "

Translation:

Your Majesty, haven't you heard Guan Yu's remarks? There are two tigers fighting for a man. Bian Zhuangzi tried to kill them and stopped him, saying, "Tigers are greedy and cruel animals, and people are their best food. Now two tigers are fighting for one person, and the little tiger is bound to die, and the big tiger is bound to get hurt. All you have to do is wait for the right time to assassinate the injured tiger, and you can kill two tigers at once. It takes no effort to stab a tiger, but it has a reputation of stabbing two tigers to death. Now that Qi and Chu are at war, one side is bound to fail. If one side fails, the king can send troops to help, which will not only help Qi, but also punish Chu. Only you, the king, can be resourceful and decisive, and predict whether things will go smoothly or not. Strategy is the basis of doing things; Decision is the key to survival. If their strategy is wrong and their decision is wrong, then few people can win this country. Therefore, it is difficult to make mistakes in repeated planning, and it is difficult to be confused without losing the bottom line. "

3. Zhao Zhi's translation of classical Chinese. 1. Zhao Zhi's translation of classical Chinese:

Zhao Zhi, whose real name is Jing Zhen, lives in Luoyang. Gou county magistrate has just arrived. Zhao Zhi was thirteen years old and went to watch it with his mother. Mother said: "Your ancestors were not humble people, but the world was in turmoil and displaced, so they were reduced to civilians (Wei Hong in the Eastern Han Dynasty said that the Qin system was" no knight "in Han Jiuyi). Can it be like this in the future? " Encouraged by his mother's words, Zhao Zhi went to learn from his teacher. Far away, I heard my father plowing cattle and drinking water, threw away the book in his hand and began to cry. The teacher felt strange and asked him. Zhao Zhi said: "I am still young and can't support my parents, which makes my old father very uncomfortable." The teacher thinks he is not simple. Zhao Zhi, who is 7 feet 4 inches tall and sharp in debate, is a gifted strategist.

One year, Zhao Zhi went to Luoyang to see his father when the county magistrate was examined in Liaoxi County. At that time, his mother had died, and his father wanted him to embark on a career. He didn't tell him (for fear of influencing him) and continued to persuade him not to go home. Zhao Zhi then returned to western Liaoning. Youzhou government called him to the Ministry for many times, and he tried many cases, which was called "fine trial"-the best trial. During the Taikang period in the Western Jin Dynasty, I arrived in Luoyang as a "good official", only to know that my mother had already passed away. At the beginning, Chair Zhao was ashamed to be a civilian, and wanted to make a name for himself by being an official or doing research, so as to support his parents. But in the end, I didn't realize my ambition (I only became a small civil servant, but I didn't have an official title). I heard that my mother died early. I cried and vomited blood. I was 37 years old.

2. Zhao Zhi's original classical Chinese:

Zhao Zhi, whose name is Jing Zhen, is also a soldier. Live in Luoyang. At the beginning of his official career, he was thirteen years old and had the same view as his mother. Mother said, "You were not humble in your last life, and you were a scholar because of the chaos in the world. Can this happen afterwards? " Feel your mother's words and be a teacher. I cried as soon as I heard my father plowing the cow and scolding it. The teacher asked him, and he said, "I have been unable to support myself, which has made my father work hard." Teachers are very different. Standing seven feet four inches long, he is eloquent and talented.

In western Liaoning province, a county magistrate went to Luoyang to see his father. My mother died, and my father wanted her to be an official. After telling her, she still refused to go back, and even went back to western Liaoning. On Wednesday, you set up a department to break nine prisons, and you will be summoned for careful examination. In Taikang, a good official went to Luo and Fang died. At the beginning, I was ashamed of learning, wanted to be famous for my official studies, and expected to be honored. When his ambition failed, he cried angrily and died of European descent at the age of 37.

4. Lv Congyuan is willing to translate classical Chinese; Lu Huaishen is a native of Slippery State, about a noble family in john young. His grandfather, Lu Zun, was appointed as the magistrate of Lingchang County, so he became a native of Lingchang County. Lu Huaishen was already extraordinary when he was a child. His father's good friend Han Siyan lamented: "This child's talent is not * * *!" When he grew up, he became a scholar and served as a consultant. During the dragon period, he was promoted to counselor. Zhongzong went to Shang Yang Palace to meet Wuhou, and Wuhou wrote him a letter. Lu Huaishen remonstrated: "In the past, Emperor Gaozu was an emperor and went to Liyang Palace once every five days to meet the squire. Because he ascended the throne from Buyi, he owned the world and attributed the honor to his father, so he did so." What's more, yingtianmen is only two miles away from Xiangmen. You can't ride in a row, and you can't ride in parallel. It often comes out from here. If a fool invades the driver, it's too late to blame him. I think we should honor the queen mother in the inner court to avoid the trouble of going in and out. "Zhong zong didn't listen. He was promoted to Zhong Cheng in the right censorate. The last chapter states the politics at that time, saying, "I heard that good people continue to govern the country. "You can overcome cruelty and avoid being killed." Confucius said, "I am in charge of state affairs. One year is almost enough, and three years will be very fruitful." So Shangshu said: "Assess your political achievements every three years, and then decide to promote, commend or dismiss after three assessments." In the past, Zichan was the prime minister of the State of Zheng, reformed the law, and issued a punishment book. In the first year, everyone was angry and wanted to kill him. Recently, the state secretariat, the long history Sima, and the county magistrate of Gyeonggi moved officials in one or two years, or three or five months, regardless of their political achievements. In this way, people who don't move the official listened attentively, stood on tiptoe and rushed forward without shame. How can they declare corruption and pensions for your majesty? Etiquette can't be implemented, the registered permanent residence is more dispersed, the warehouse is more and more scarce, and the people are getting worse and worse, all of which are the reasons. People know that they haven't been an official for a long time, so they don't listen to his teachings. Officials know that the day of transfer is not far away, so they don't try their best. The title and stealing security are used to develop their qualifications and reputation. Although Mingjun has the ambition to rule the world diligently, the road of luck has been opened, and the upper and lower sides are deceiving each other. How can we be as open as possible? This is a national disease. What Jia Yi said about varus soles is a minor problem. The disease can't be cured, even if there are famous doctors. Xuan Di, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, assessed birthright and made great efforts to manage birthright, which led to the trend of ethos. Ba Huang was an excellent satrap. Xuan Di gave him gold to increase his rank and commended his achievements on the spot, but he finally refused to move him to an official position. Therefore, he was an official in ancient times. In this way, it can continue to future generations. I request the viceroy, the secretariat, the long history Sima, and the county magistrate of Jixian County to serve for less than four years, and they cannot move their posts. If the governance is particularly excellent, you can add the rank of salary officer to the horses and chariots, send envoys to express condolences, and write letters to encourage them. You can only be promoted when there are open vacancies to encourage those who are talented and capable. For those who are incompetent or greedy and tyrannical, they can avoid officials and return home. Only 100 officials. The number of officials in Xia and Shang dynasties doubled, and talents can still be appointed. " This means reducing the number of officials. Therefore, it is said that "officials don't have to be all, only talents." Don't neglect the official position, food is the first thing for the people. "I'm talking about the selection of talents here. Now there are dozens of times more foreign officials in various lawsuits in the capital, which is unprecedented in modern times. If a person can do his duty on his behalf, he will probably do nothing. However, hundreds of millions of dollars are spent on wages every year, which exhausts the national treasury in vain. Is this the original intention of seeking treatment? At present, the people's strength is extremely weak, and the expansion of the Yellow River Weishui water transport is not enough to supply the capital. The private losses of public officials are countless, and the border is still not calm. If there is a flood and drought, the tax revenue is reduced, the enemy is on alert at the border, and the grain reserve for relief is less than one year, what will your majesty use to solve the crisis? " Don't use the people's power easily, it will put the people in danger; Don't stand still, because it's dangerous. " This means being cautious. Looking at these foreign officials, they are all talented and good officials in the world. Is it true that since ancient times, talents have been promoted but failed to play their role, respected by fame but failed to do their best? I request that talented foreign officials who can serve as local governors or spin doctor be promoted together, so that they can contribute to the local government and their achievements can be assessed by the imperial court. If the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled can't serve, everything will stop and the sages will be completely separated from the shameless. This is the urgent task at present. Fighting for power and profit, accepting bribes, bullying the weak and fearing the hard are the evils in political affairs. I saw officials inside and outside the court. And officials who killed civilians were exiled and demoted, but they were soon promoted back and still served as local governors. They were appointed in Jianghuai, Lingbiao and desert areas just to give a rough expression of punishment and condemnation. They give up on themselves, so that they are greedy for money, regardless of their health and have no intention of changing. A wise monarch should share the benefits equally with all things, and govern distant places with guilty officials, which is tantamount to giving a traitor a favor and abandoning the people far away. Ethnic minorities and China people live together in border areas. They are far away from danger, easily disturbed and difficult to settle down. If the Chief Executive is incompetent, civilians will be exiled and become thieves. From this perspective, ordinary people do not have it, let alone cunning officials. I request that those who have been suspended for taking bribes should be dismissed in less than a few decades, so they should not be given employment. The history books say that "distinguish between good and evil" is the truth. The children didn't answer. He was promoted to assistant minister of Huangmen, awarded uncle of Yuyang County, and Wei Zhigu was in charge of election affairs in Du Dong respectively. In the first year of Kaiyuan, they were appointed as both Wei Zihuang Men Pingzhang. Three years later, they were replaced. At this time, another imperial edict ordered Zihui and Huangmen provinces to verify the facts. Lu Huaishen and Yao Chong said: "Wang Xiantong's crime is very clear. If all the suggestions can be doubted, how can others believe them? "So the case is settled. Lu Huaishen thought he was not as talented as Yao Chong, so he went to work.

5. Vernacular Interpretation The rope skills in the original translation of classical Chinese:

The jailer led the prisoner to the theater, and other programs had already started, and then the man was called to perform. I saw this man holding a rope ball more than 100 feet long, putting it on the ground and throwing a rope head into the air. The rope was straight.

At first, I threw two or three feet, and then I got four or five feet. The rope was straight, as if someone was holding it, and everyone was surprised. Later, he was thrown more than twenty feet. When he looked up, he couldn't see the end of the rope, so the man held the rope in his hand and left the ground.

Finally, he threw away the rope and flew higher and higher in the air like a bird. He took the opportunity to escape from prison that day.

Original text:

Tomorrow, officials will lead the theater. Since all the plays were made, I called this man for the second time to let the rope technique work. So he took a ball of rope, counted it 100 feet, put it on the ground, and threw one end in the air. The rope was as strong as a pen. At first, he threw three or two feet, then four or five feet, straight as a person holding it, which surprised everyone.

Then I threw it more than twenty feet high, and there was no end in sight. The man followed the rope hand, left the ground, and threw the rope away in vain, like a bird, flying far away and looking empty. Today is not a good day to escape.

This article is from the Original Story written by Tang Huangfu.

Extended data

Writing background:

Guang Lu Tu Zhe Tiao was recorded as the event of literate sect Yamato (827~835), which is considered to be in the period of Kaicheng and Huichang. After the article "Huating Weir Temple", there is a comment on "Dongting Confucius", or it was written by Jingchu people in the name of Huangfu.

It is all kinds of ghosts and gods in the book who seek immortality, visit Taoism or cultivate alchemy, but some of them are not superstitious. The most striking thing is to draw pipa, which is more vivid. In addition, the book also wrote some stories about female Xia, which are also quite distinctive. Tongzhilue recorded a volume, and Taiping Guangji collected more than 60 lost articles, which are now sorted according to Taiping Guangji.

China's collection of ancient legendary novels. You Huangfu. The narrative content is mainly fairy tales and dragon and tiger changes. The content is simple and often follows previous works. Zhou Han, for example, is taken from Pei Yi's legendary Zhou Han, which is only a quarter of its length.

According to the theme, it is divided into 92 categories, and there are more than 150 subcategories below. For example, the animal husbandry part is the details of cattle, horses, camels, donkeys, dogs, sheep, tapirs and so on, which is more convenient to check.

From the content point of view, the story is the most collected, in fact, it can be said that it is a collection of stories before the Song Dynasty. Many of these books have been lost. Only their remains can be seen in this book. Taiping Guangji preserved many stories before and after the Tang Dynasty.

6. The translation of "Lian Yu" in classical Chinese is an imperial history, which is naturally honest and clean. Xuan Di has just won the Jinshi and sent food to Jianghuai area. It was in the cold winter when Xuanzang suddenly fell into the water while taking a boat. They rescued him at once. His clothes are all wet, so he is wrapped in a quilt and can't go out. Officials made a dress for him in a hurry, but Xuanzang refused until his clothes were dry.

Later Xuanzhi became an imperial envoy, and he waved flags and shouted for the eradication of the voice of courtiers. Because of the recommendation of the authorities, he was appointed as a judge in Zhejiang Province. When Lin Shi, a former provincial judge, was in office, his wealth was comparable to that of princes and nobles, and he was very particular about food, clothing, housing and transportation. Since Xuanzang took office, all materials have stopped supplying, and Xuanzang has nothing but salary. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, he wears a blue robe. If it is broken, he will repair it himself. I am not picky about food. I ate a sesame seed cake at noon. Che Xuan and his subordinates agreed to buy a catty of meat with official meals every three days. Even if the family has a large population, many officials can't stand it. If there is a trip home or an old friend, Che Xuan will keep them for a meal, and the most profitable thing is to kill a chicken. His subordinates will be surprised when they see it, because such a move is rare.

Xuanzang (one day) suddenly heard the funeral report and left the next day without even knowing his subordinates. When he was reinstated again, he was a little conceited because of his incorruptibility. He likes drinking, sometimes holding official banquets, and sometimes drinking with colleagues. He is bound to get drunk, drink and swear, so scholars look down on him.

When he lived in Taixian County and managed Nanjing's grain reserves, his integrity was strengthened. Zhang hosted a banquet for all the officials, but Xuanzang didn't go to the banquet. Zhang gave him wine and food, but he didn't accept it. Everyone thinks he's weird. Probably a loyal minister in ancient times, although sometimes too arrogant, but still dissatisfied with the wind of greed. Alas, people like him are really rare in today's officialdom.

This is my own translation, which should be correct and for reference only.

7. Translation of Yang Jisheng's seven-year-old mother-lost classical Chinese I. Original text:

Yang Jisheng lost his mother at the age of seven. My mother's jealousy made her herd cattle. After the promotion, I felt good when I saw my children studying at school. Brother Yu, please learn from the teacher. Brother talks to his father and listens to what he has learned, but grazing is not a waste. At the age of thirteen, I began to learn from my teacher. If you are poor, you will benefit from it.

Degrade the history of moral classics. Its land is mixed, and it is rare to know poetry and books. After more than 100 people showed it to children, three classic teachers were invited to teach. ⑵ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ ⑺ There is Jingshan Park in the county, which is under the control of the people. People raised their wages by 200 miles. Sheng listened to the instructions and said, "Yang Gong needed my account, but he also gave it up. It's Jingshan Park! " People believe it and call it "yangfu".

(Excerpted from Ming History, Volume 290, with deletion)

Note: ① Canon history: the lowest official below the magistrate. (2) Miscellaneous people: refers to the Han nationality and ethnic minorities living together. (3) [y]: sell. Yang: Dependence, dependence. ⑤ I Cao: We.

Second, translation:

Yang Jisheng's mother died when she was seven. His stepmother was jealous of him and let him herd cattle. When Yang Jisheng passed Li Shu, he saw all the children reading, and he was envious. So I told my brother to learn from the private school teacher. My brother told my dad that he wanted him to study, but he still had to herd cattle. When Yang Jisheng was thirteen, he was able to learn from his teacher. Being poor at home makes it more and more difficult to study.

Later, it was demoted to the history of Didi Dao, which is a place where Han people and Fan people live together. Because of the backward customs, few people know about poetry books. Yang Jisheng has selected more than 100 excellent children and hired three excellent teachers to teach them. He sold his horse, his wife's clothes and bought fields to support these students. There is a Jingshan Park in this county, which is occupied by many people. Farmers have to rely on firewood (fire and cooking) 200 miles away. Yang Jisheng called the fans and persuaded them. They all said convincingly, "Even if Yang Gong needs our felt tent, we are willing to give it up, let alone Jingshan Park?" Fan Min trusted and loved him very much and called him "yangfu".