How to trim bonsai

Friends who love bonsai know that pruning is a means to make bonsai shapes. Do you know how to trim bonsai? The following is the pruning method of bonsai that I carefully arranged for you. Let's have a look.

Pruning method of bonsai

1. Unbalanced pruning. That is to say, it is not a comprehensive pruning, but a local pruning method according to the physiological characteristics of plants, which is beneficial to the modeling and healthy growth of branches and avoids pathological pruning. Include pruning and branch control.

(1) tension shear. Generally, when the new blank survives, the extra branches are cut without reservation, so that the remaining branches are ventilated and illuminated, and at the same time, the supply of nutrients is concentrated, the branches grow rapidly and healthily, and the storage time of the branches is shortened.

(2) Control branches. Generally, in the early stage of branch support and modeling, due to the positive and apical advantages of plants, the growth of branches is often out of sync, and the growth speed is sometimes fast and sometimes slow. In order to make the weak branches develop and grow as soon as possible, it is necessary to consciously control the tail-beating of some relatively in-place branches (cutting off most branches or side branches), so that the weak branches can obtain sufficient light nutrients and avoid the immature individual branches from affecting the pruning of the overall shape. The function of controlling branches can also be extended to thinning branches and making specific shapes, which is an effective method to adjust the balanced growth of branches.

2. Balanced pruning. That is, all-round pruning, usually before the potted trees are close to forming or revealing. At this time, comprehensive and repeated pruning can be carried out, so that the branches are mature and plump, and the beauty of the tree can be maintained.

3. Trim with leaves. Having leaves means that the branches left after cutting must have leaves, especially when the bud position of the branches is determined to have leaves. If there are no leaves, put off the branches where there are leaves (two or three leaves are enough) for cutting. By accelerating germination, after the remaining buds germinate normally, they are pruned on the spot. This is due to the physiological characteristics of plants and the conduction of juice contained in them. Therefore, generally speaking, if one-sided pruning is carried out, leaves must be brought, otherwise, the cutting mouth may be narrowed, or even dead branches may appear (generally, all-round pruning without leaves, or all-round pruning with leaves, as well as winter pruning of deciduous miscellaneous trees).

4. Keep the pruning. According to the difference of callus ability of tree species and special conditions, in case of emergency, it should be reserved, that is, cut twice instead of once, and leave one or two more buds, and then prune after the remaining buds become strong or the reserved nodes wither naturally. Such as Bromus, Pu Shu and others often use this method in pruning. In practice, the wound of thick branches is large and easy to shrink, which can be kept for a long time, and the degree of atrophy of thin branches is relatively small.

Key points of bonsai pruning

First, the pruning time

1, miscellaneous wood bonsai can be pruned all year round; Pines and cypresses should be pruned during dormancy.

2. In rainy season, when the air is humid and the trees grow vigorously, you should cut them less, or cut them again without cutting them. Cutting a large number of branches and leaves will affect the normal growth, and in severe cases, it will lead to death.

3, near the end of autumn, you can't re-cut, strong cut, heavy cut and strong cut. After the new buds sprout one after another, the cold current will freeze the buds. (What is the best time for heavy shearing and strong shearing? 1? Trees are dormant in February; However, some tree species that are not hardy should not be pruned in winter, because the wound is difficult to heal and it is easy to leave scars.

Generally speaking, trees with vigorous growth can be cut down more, and those with thin growth can be cut down less. In order to meet the needs of tree modeling, it is usually necessary to cut off messy cross branches, overlapping branches, parallel branches, whorled branches, opposite branches, twigs and diseased branches. Only when the nutrients left on the branches are concentrated can they thrive.

Second, the pruning method

The end face of the cut should be as far away from the big face as possible, at 45 degrees to the tangent of the branch, and the leaf bud should stay in the upper direction of the oblique mouth. In the growing period, it can be pruned near the leaf buds, which is beneficial to wound healing. In non-growth period, it can be pruned at the upper end of leaf buds.

1, fixed shear

Fixed shear is a positioning shear, which refers to the first pruning of bonsai modeling to ensure that branches in different positions are retained and redundant branches are cut off. After the stumps excavated in Shan Ye were cultivated and survived, many branches sprouted. Most of the branches must be cut off, and the main branches needed for modeling are kept, which is called positioning scissors. After positioning cutting, the number and position of branches and the mutual distance between branches are determined, which directly affects the morphological beauty of tree bonsai. Therefore, before pruning, we should carefully consider the form of trees modeling, the so-called? Intention pen first? In the meantime, can you do it? Have an answer? , you can cut it. Because the choice of branches depends on the establishment of tree landscape form. The reserved branches should grow healthily, and the thickness should be coordinated up and down, avoiding parallelism, symmetry and overlap as far as possible, so as to be dense and spread around the trunk, which has dynamic potential.

2. Shrinkage and shearing

Shrinkage pruning is a pruning method to shorten branches, and it is also an important means to maintain trees modeling and tree landscape. From the modeling point of view, the trees are dwarfed, the branches are plump, the thickness is measured up and down, and it is curved, so we should pay attention to three points in modeling:

1) The thickness transition ratio between the pruned trunk and the upper branches is appropriate;

2) When cutting, keep the direction and angle of bud eye and adjust the spatial position of new branches reasonably;

3) Pruning nodes should be short rather than long, the first node is longer than the second node, and the second node is longer than the third node. In terms of maintaining the tree landscape, most of the formed multi-leaf bonsai need to be shrunk and trimmed in the growing season every year to maintain a beautiful posture.

The forming bonsai of pine and cypress mainly depends on picking buds and cores to control the extra-long branches and keep the original appearance. However, for bonsai viewing flowers and fruits, different pruning methods should be adopted according to different growth habits. Such as crape myrtle, pomegranate, begonia and so on. Flowering and fruiting on the newly picked branches in that year, the branches can shrink during dormancy, but they cannot shrink during growth. Spring jasmine, plum blossom and peach blossom that bloom in early spring should be pruned after flowering, which can promote the formation of fruit branches in the following year.

The foliage bonsai can be shrunk and cut twice in early summer and early autumn, and it can be cut hard during dormancy to remove all kinds of bogey branches. There are many flowers and fruits on the short branches of pyracantha fortuneana and Ilex cornuta. In addition to strong pruning during dormancy, we can also shrink the long branches in late spring and early summer, and apply thin fertilizer frequently to increase light, so as to promote them to produce short branches in summer and autumn, and increase the amount of flowers and fruits. Short branches should be properly reserved for strong pruning during dormancy to ensure flowering and fruiting in the next year.

Third, sculpture.

In the production of tree bonsai, it is often necessary to show a kind of incomplete beauty, that is, the so-called dry type and dry tip type (also known as relic stem and divine branch). This kind of incomplete beauty is not that the trunk is empty, the wood decays and falls off, and it is terminally ill, but that the carved trunk and branches are like iron bones, knocking loudly, rotten as iron and rotten as steel; Although it is made by people, it has a shocking artistic charm like nature. Japanese and China Taiwan Province bonsai artists often use juniper, juniper and five-needle pine as materials to make sarira stems and holy branches, and concentrate the landscape of natural trees within the reach of bonsai, showing high artistic attainments. The xylem of carved tree species should be dense, hard, resistant to decay, not suitable for aging and peeling, and kept for a long time.

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