What are the surnames of Spring Festival couplets?

The first day of the first lunar month is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation-the Spring Festival. In order to celebrate the Spring Festival, people in Hailufeng passed on colorful customs.

From the 20th day of the lunar calendar1February, every household is busy with the Spring Festival, preparing all kinds of new year's goods and offering sacrifices to the gods. And carry out a large-scale cleaning and sanitation at home, bind bamboo branches with bamboo poles and remove dust from the roof, which is called "mine village". Starting from 26th, every household began to steam sweet fruits, send fruits, send pinecones and make printed fruits. Before New Year's Eve, a pair of red lanterns were hung on the eaves, and portraits of Spring Festival couplets and ancient heroes such as Qin Qiong and Weichi Gong were posted on the doors to ward off evil spirits and pray for peace and prosperity for a year.

On New Year's Eve, the whole family, men, women and children, will come together, and families from other places, Hong Kong and Macao will also come back, and everyone will take a shower and change clothes to show their intention to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. Farmers in the mountainous area of Chishi Town should collect boiled water such as Illicium verum leaves and leaves laid in stone fields to bathe their families. Before dinner, worship ancestors and pray for ancestors to bless their children. Especially for the giants, every family concentrates their sacrifices on the table of the Eight Immortals and then puts them in the ancestral hall. Under the auspices of the patriarch, a grand sacrificial ceremony was held. After the sacrifice, these families got their sacrifices back. The whole family began to have a reunion dinner around the stove. If a family member doesn't come home for some reason, a bowl of rice should be put on the table and a seat should be reserved as a symbol of family reunion. After dinner, the elders give "lucky money" to the underage juniors. Married daughters are not allowed to spend New Year's Eve at their parents' home. In the evening, the whole family stayed at home happily and harmoniously and talked about "Shousui". Zhang He, a scholar in Haifeng in the late Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem called "Gengzi's New Year's Eve", which vividly described the scene of his longevity. The poem reads: "The firecrackers are so loud that you can't sleep when you are in danger. Xiao Huan secretly tasted the spring wine and shared the lucky money with his concubines. " An old illness is like a weaving case, but a new one is hard to meet. Why not sell your dementia? You are a little clever and don't worship immortals. "Now on New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers in front of the TV to watch CCTV's Spring Festival Gala. Within the time limit of 1 1, set off the "opening cannon" to warmly celebrate the arrival of the new year. Since then, the door has been open and will not be closed. In recent years, the custom of "opening the door" is no longer seen in cities because setting off firecrackers is easy to cause fires, with the explicit prohibition of the local government. Others replaced it with an "electric door opener".

On the first day of the first month, every household eats vegetarian food. People put on new clothes and pay New Year greetings to each other. When celebrating the New Year, bring red oranges (for good luck), fat fruits (for big hair), pine cones (for being loose all year round), sweet fruits and pork. Now they bring gifts, such as oranges, biscuits and sweets. Everyone congratulated each other to show good luck in the New Year. I didn't dig wells for water, wash clothes or sweep the floor that day. The second day of the year is the peak period for visiting relatives and friends. Traditionally, a son-in-law must visit his parents-in-law, and a nephew must visit his uncle first, and then visit other relatives and friends. On the third day of New Year's Eve, every family cleans up and puts "paper money" on the garbage and sends it out, which is called "expelling the poor". On the fifth day of the new year, it is called "Nian Geng Kai". On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, eat seven kinds of vegetables (that is, seven different vegetables are cooked together). It was not until the eighth day of the Lunar New Year that the festive atmosphere gradually converged.

During this period, the relatively large festivals in People's Valley included posting Spring Festival couplets, watching "tigers and lions" and listening to Quyi:

Post Spring Festival couplets. Before New Year's Eve, every household put couplets on the doors and windows. The contents of Spring Festival couplets include greeting the Spring Festival and accepting blessings, as well as surname couplets indicating family background and family status. There are also red papers that say "Spring" and "Happiness" on the windows and rice jars. In the past, the form of posting Spring Festival couplets was quite solemn, paying attention to drawing lots. Some big families invite famous writers to write. For example, 1942, at the end of February, under the escort of the underground party, Mr. Liu Yazi arrived in Xincun, Hongcao Town by boat, and stayed in the compound of Mr. Yang, an enlightened gentry, for more than 10 days. At this time, it coincided with the Spring Festival, and Liu Yazi wrote two couplets for the courtyard, saying, "Learn easily, and read poetry from IKEA." "Embroidering incense makes the house warm, and the scenery in spring is long."

Watch Tiger and Lion. Many towns and villages in Hailufeng area have boxing gymnasiums. Boxing halls are generally equipped with martial arts coaches of lion dance teams, which are composed of young people aged 30- 100. As soon as New Year's Eve passed, the lion dance team set off with the accompaniment of suona. First, they visited the local temples and beat drums. Then they mentioned "Dancing Unicorn" and "Dancing Lion". Liu Amei, a famous boxer in eastern Guangdong, led the Hexing Pavilion of Northwest Society in Xuzhen, adding a "dancing elephant". The lion dance is solemn and orderly, with lion poems in front, dancing in all directions according to the rhythm of gongs, drums, suona and other musical instruments. There are also "Wei Zixian Tong", "Big Head Buddha" and "Mi Cuiniang" played by teenagers as partners. The modelling is innocent and lively, humorous and funny, which sets off the majestic momentum of the lion dancer. After the lion dance, more and more fighters in the lion team punched and kicked. Then a martial arts sparring routine (no line on New Year's Day), commonly known as "moving colors", was held. That is, two people each hold a knife, which is called "moving knife", one person fights with another person with a sharp string, shield and knife, which is called "moving stick", and several people fight with sticks at the same time, which is called "moving stick". At this time, the accompaniment instruments were high-spirited and agitated, mixed with the cheers of the Boxer Rebellion, such as the struggle on the ancient battlefield, full of the characteristics of southern martial arts; There are audiences all around, and there are cheers from time to time. The lion dance team returns to the city to dance lions before the Lantern Festival, which is called "brake drum", indicating the end of the activity.

Listen to Quyi. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, listening to Quyi has prevailed in urban and rural areas of Hailufeng. It is an entertainment organization that mainly focuses on singing and consists of about 20 men and women. Famous theatrical troupes such as "Chanting Lanxuan" and "Cursing Yun Xuan". Quban can be roughly divided into three types: "Bai Zi Opera", "Orthography Opera" and "Western Strong Shaanxi Opera", each of which has its own characteristics of Quyi and is very popular among the masses. In the first month of the lunar calendar, ancestral temples, temples and rich families in urban and rural areas invite local music classes to sing. Some even let Qu Ban sit and sing all night. The monitor plays two strings, accompanied by gongs and drums, coconut trees, Qin Yue and other musical instruments. Singers are divided according to the roles of the troupe, with Dan, Lao Sheng as the lead singer, men and women who are not lead singers singing by the side, firecrackers being set off at the end of the song, and the host giving out red envelopes as gifts. Today, music lessons are gradually declining, and most of them are replaced by tape recorders that play records.

. . . . . I already told you.