How to distinguish Jingui, Yin Gui, Dangui and Sijigui when there are no flowers?

Osmanthus fragrans has formed many cultivated varieties through long-term artificial cultivation, natural hybridization and artificial selection. In recent years, the resources and varieties of Osmanthus fragrans have been extensively investigated in major cities all over the country, the flowering characters have been recorded on the spot, the characters of various Osmanthus fragrans have been analyzed and compared, the relatively stable genetic characters have been selected, and four Osmanthus fragrans varieties have been identified and sorted out by combining the traditional classification methods and the application in garden production.

Osmanthus fragrans variety group: it blooms all year round, and there are varieties such as "laurel", "Osmanthus fragrans" and "Osmanthus fragrans".

Yin Gui variety group: it blooms in autumn, and it is pure white, milky white and yellowish white. There are varieties such as Seed Yin Gui, Jiulong Guigui, Early Yin Gui, Late Yin Gui and Bai Jie.

Jingui Variety Group: It blooms in autumn with lemon yellow to golden yellow flowers, including Dahua Jingui, Dayehuang, Huangchuan Jingui, Late Jingui and Round-leaf Jingui.

Osmanthus fragrans variety group: It blooms in autumn, and its color is dark, orange yellow, orange red to vermilion. There are varieties such as "Dahuadangui", "Yadangui", "Zhusha Dangui" and "Broad Leaf Red". There are some varieties worthy of popularization and application in each variety group, such as Osmanthus fragrans and Phyllostachys macrophylla, which are small shrubs with a height of 0.5-1.5m. "Osmanthus fragrans" has a light yellow flower, and each node of the same branch blooms one after another, and flowers appear almost every day, hence the name. There are a large number of mother plants in Cangxi, Sichuan. "Big-leaf Buddha's Dingzhu" has milky white to pure white flowers, dense inflorescences and unique terminal inflorescences, which bloom continuously from spring to autumn. They have high ornamental value and can be potted indoors or planted outdoors in a large area.

Different species or varieties can be selected for breeding according to different needs. For the purpose of picking flowers, high-yield types with dense flowers should be selected, such as "Huangchuan Jingui", "Jingui", "Seed Yin Gui", "Big Flower Dangui" and "Orange Red Dangui". For the purpose of seeing flowers and smelling fragrance, osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus cinnabarinus, Osmanthus fragrans and Osmanthus fragrans should be selected. Shrubbery, potted plants and bonsai should be selected from "Fusang", "Big Leaf Buddha's Fixed Pearl", "laurel", "Four Seasons Cinnamomum", "Kowloon Cinnamomum" and "Willow Cinnamomum". And take them as trees or choose "Huang Yingui with big leaves", "Jingui", "Dangui with big leaves" and "Jingui with big Dan" as the garden owners of Jing Yi.

Some sweet-scented osmanthus bears fruit, while others bear no fruit. Drupe usually ripens in April-May of the following year, and it usually takes 5-6 years to blossom when sowing. Cutting branches, grafting and layering used for asexual reproduction can bloom in the same year.

The Song Dynasty recorded: "When the moon is full of flowers, the flowers will be damaged, and the moon will be lost. It is important to know that everything in the world is in the clear autumn ",which points out the basic law of its flowering: that is, when the lunar calendar is full in August and May every year, osmanthus will bloom, and after half a month, the flowers will wither and the moon will be lacking.

Osmanthus fragrans likes warmth, has strong resistance to stress, is both resistant to high temperature and cold, and can overwinter in the open air in the south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains in China.

Osmanthus fragrans likes sunshine, but also can resist shade. In full light, it has lush foliage and dense flowers. In the shade, its branches and leaves are sparse and flowers are scarce. If potted indoors in the north, it is especially necessary to pay attention to sufficient light to facilitate growth and flower bud formation.

The ancients recorded a lot about the weather conditions of osmanthus flowers. Looking at the Moon at Fifteen Nights by Wang Jian in the Tang Dynasty includes "Coody Leng's Silent Wet Osmanthus fragrans", Liu Zongyuan's "Exposing Osmanthus fragrans in front of the mountain", Bai Juyi's "Steaming autumn air in the sky, golden waves picking yellow flowers in the middle of the month", and Lu You in the Song Dynasty's "Exposing wet fragrance in the secluded path, drying small windows in the setting sun". "Coody Leng" and "Mi Lu" in the poem mean that it will be cold in the morning and evening; "steaming" means that the weather will have a higher temperature again. This cold weather in the morning and evening and sultry weather in the daytime is not only beneficial to the nutrient accumulation of osmanthus trees, but also can promote the formation of rain dew and accelerate the flowering of osmanthus trees. Suzhou people call it "turpentine steaming". Around the Mid-Autumn Festival, the weather suddenly gets hot, just like summer. Once the osmanthus is steamed, it will rot and bloom for a long time. Osmanthus fragrans flowers need both a certain humidity and a certain temperature difference.

Osmanthus fragrans is not strict with the soil. Except alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil that is too sticky and poorly drained, it can generally grow, but slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is the most suitable.

Osmanthus fragrans is resistant to chlorine, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other harmful gases, and has strong dust adsorption ability, which is often used for greening in cities and industrial and mining areas.

People like osmanthus. At present, 16 provinces (autonomous regions), cities and counties in China regard osmanthus fragrans as the city flower, provincial flower and county flower. Five old osmanthus producing areas in history: Xianning in Hubei, Wuxian in Suzhou, Guilin in Guangxi, Manjuelong in Hangzhou and Xindu in Sichuan.

Osmanthus fragrans is a symbol of nobility, chastity, honor, friendship and good luck. Those who succeed in official career are called "laurels". The myth of "Moon Palace Fairy" has given the world endless reverie. In the long historical development process, Osmanthus fragrans has formed profound cultural connotations and distinctive national characteristics.

Jingui

Osmunda fragrans var. thunbergii

Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen woody flower plant, which is yellow in Jin Guihua. It is a common type with many cultivated varieties and extremely fragrant flowers. The main feature of Jingui is the open golden flower. This variety is tall and straight, with a spherical crown, lush foliage and stout branches. The germination period is early, and branches can be picked twice a year. Once, it begins to germinate in early March and stops growing at the end of April, which is generally called spring shoot. The other time germinates after flowering in autumn, which is called autumn shoot. Osmanthus fragrans leaves are bright and oily green with thin skin. They bloom in late September and have a strong fragrance. The petals were tender yellow at first, and then turned golden yellow one by one, emitting a sweet taste and intoxicating. This is a variety with high economic value and ornamental value.

Jingui Variety Troupe:

1, late Jingui (O. fragranccv. Wanjingui)

Large shrub, 4.5-5 meters high. The leaves are oval, 1 1- 12cm long and 5-6cm wide. The tip is tapered, and more than one third of the leaf margin is serrated. There are 6-9 pairs of veins, 2-3 pairs of flower buds in the axils, 7-8mm in diameter of corolla, yellow petals and normal pistil development. Fruiting after flowering. Flowering, late September.

2. strawberries. Dayehuang

Specimen tree: Hangzhou Manjuelong 1- 10

Trees, 6.5-7 meters high. The leaves are oval, with a length of11-12cm and a width of about 5cm. The apex is acuminate, the leaves are entire or sparsely serrated, the veins are 7-9 pairs, the axils have 2-3 pairs of flower buds, and the corolla is 6-8 mm in diameter. The flower is buckled, and the corolla persists and does not fall off. The petals are yellow and fragrant. Fruiting after flowering. Flowering, late September.

3. strawberries. Cinnamomum macrophyllum

Specimen Tree: Osmanthus fragrans Weizi Garden in Hangzhou Botanical Garden 1-3

Large shrub, 4.5-5 meters high. The leaves are oval,10-1cm long, 3.5-4cm wide, with a tapered tip, more than two-thirds of the leaf margin is serrated, with 8-9 pairs of veins, 2-3 pairs of flower buds in the axils, 9- 10mm in corolla diameter and petals. Flowering, mid-September.

4. strawberries. Chiye scarab

Large shrub, 4.5-5 meters high. The leaves are lanceolate,11-12cm long and about 3.3cm wide. The tip is tapered, and more than one third of the leaf margin is serrated. There are 7-8 pairs of veins, 1-3 pairs of flower buds in the axils, and the corolla is 9- 10 mm in diameter, which is flower-shaped. Flowering, late September.

5. strawberries. Jin GUI of Daye

Trees, 5.2-6 meters high. The leaves are oval, 12- 14cm long, 3.8-4.9cm wide, the apex is tapered, more than one third of the leaves are serrated, the veins are 7-9 pairs, the buds in the axils are 1-2 pairs, the corolla is 6-8mm in diameter, the petals are light golden yellow, and the pistil develops normally. Flowering, late September.

6. strawberries. Sugui willow

Specimen Tree: No.2-5, Osmanthus fragrans Weiziyuan, Hangzhou Botanical Garden

Large shrub, 3.8-4.5 meters high. The leaves are lanceolate, 9.5- 10.5 cm long and 6.5-7.9 cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, slightly rolled back, the leaf margin is wavy, the veins are 6-8 pairs, the buds in the axils are 1-2 pairs, the corolla is about 8 mm in diameter, the flower pattern is slightly bent, the petals are lemon yellow and slightly fragrant, and the pistil is degraded. Flowering, late September.

7. strawberries. Bo ye Jin GUI

Specimen tree: 6- 15 of Osmanthus fragrans Weizi Garden in Hangzhou Botanical Garden

Trees, about 6 meters high. The leaves are oval, long10-1cm, wide 3-3.5cm, tapering at the apex, with 7-9 pairs of veins, 1-2 pairs of flower buds in the axils, and the corolla diameter is 8-10 mm. Flowering, late September.

Yin Gui: Osmanthus fragrans. Broad-leaved fish

Cinnamon leaves are small, flowers are fragrant and white. The tree type of this variety is smaller than Jingui, the branches and leaves are generally sparse, and the crown is oblong, so there are more autumn shoots than Jingui. Cinnamomum camphora leaves are mostly yellow-green, the back is flat, and the flowering period is one week later than Cinnamomum camphora. The flowers are milky white at first, then turn pale yellow, and the fragrance overflows for miles. It is a good variety of courtyard greening.

Yin Gui Variety Troupe:

1, cinnamon. Ziyingui)

Trees, 5.4-6 meters high. The leaves are obovate-lanceolate, 7-8 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, there are sparse teeth on the whole or upper part, there are 7 pairs of veins, 65,438+0 pairs of flower buds in the axils, the corolla is 6-8 mm in diameter, the flowers are slightly buckled, the petals are yellow and white, the fragrance is medium, and there are 2 pistils, the stigma is shiny and the ovary develops normally. Fruiting after flowering. Flowering, mid-September.

2. Bai Jie (O.fragrans CV. Bai Jie)

Trees, about 7.5-8 meters high. The leaves are oval, 9- 1 1 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. The apex is acuminate, slightly rolled back, and the leaf margin is wavy. There are 8-9 pairs of veins and 2 pairs of flower buds in the axils. Corolla 8-9mm in diameter, slightly buckled in pattern. Petals are silver, slightly fragrant, pistil degenerates and flowers are dense. Flowering, mid to late September.

3. Osmanthus fragrans

Trees, 5-6 meters high. The leaves are lanceolate, 8-9 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, the leaves are entire, the veins are 6-7 pairs, most of the buds in the axils are 65,438+0 pairs, the corolla is 7-8 mm in diameter, the flowers are bell-shaped, the petals are yellow and white, the flowers are fragrant, the pistil is degraded and the flowers are medium. The flowering period, around the National Day, lasts a little longer.

4. strawberries. Zhao yingui

Large shrub, 4-4.5 meters high. The leaves are long and oval, 8 8- 10/0cm long and 3-3.5cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, the leaves are flat, the main veins are slightly concave, the leaves are serrated, and there are 6 pairs of lateral veins. Most buds in the axils are 1 pair, the corolla is 6-7mm in diameter, the petals are milky yellow to lemon-colored, fragrant, the pistil is degenerated and the flower amount is moderate. Flowering period, from late August to early September.

Osmanthus fragrans var. osmanthus. orange

Osmanthus fragrans has small leaves and light flowers, and its color is orange yellow or orange red. It is a late-flowering variety with delayed germination of spring shoots. The branches are hard, short and thick, the leaves are oval, the leaves are dull and serrated, the leaves are dark green, and the autumn shoots grow vigorously. In the first year, there were 1 ~ 2 flower buds between the leaf axils of spring shoots and autumn shoots, with little overlap. Each inflorescence is composed of 5 ~ 7 small flowers, with the top internodes protruding into a flower ball, and the biennial branches are also covered with flowers. The flowering period of osmanthus fragrans is mostly in late September, and the corolla is orange. With the passage of time, it gradually becomes orange-red, which is extremely beautiful, but the aroma is slightly inferior. Osmanthus fragrans is the most ideal flower in potted plants because of its gorgeous appearance, bright colors and high ornamental value.

Dangui Variety Troupe:

1, osmanthus fragrans variety. Fructose.

Large shrub, 4.5-5.5 meters high. The leaves are ovoid, 6-7 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide, with tapered tips, sparse serrations on the whole leaves or more than one third of the leaves, 6-8 pairs of veins, 65,438+0-2 pairs of buds in the axils, no total pedicel, 7-8 mm in corolla diameter, flat flowers, orange petals, slightly fragrant, normal pistil development, stigma. Flowering, mid-September.

2. strawberries. Broad leaf red

Large shrub, 4.5-5.5 meters high. The leaves are ovoid, with a length of 1 1- 13cm and a width of 3-4.5cm, the apex is gradually pointed, the middle and upper parts of the leaf margin are serrated, the veins are1-12 pairs, and there are more than two pairs of flower buds in the axils. Flowering, late September.

3. strawberries. Peach leaf osmanthus fragrans

Large shrub, 6.5-7.5 meters high. The leaves are lanceolate, 9- 10 cm long and about 3 cm wide, the apex is tapered, the leaf margin is microwave-shaped, the veins are 6-7 pairs, the buds in the axils are 1-2 pairs, the corolla is 6-7 mm in diameter, the flowers are locked, the petals are orange-yellow, the pistil is degenerated, and the flowering amount is moderate. Flowering, late September.

4. cinnabar osmanthus cinnabar osmanthus)

Large shrub, 4.5-5 meters high. The leaves are oval, with a length of12-13cm and a width of 3-3.5cm. The apex is gradually pointed, and the middle and upper parts of the leaves are serrated, with about 8 pairs of veins and 1-2 pairs of flower buds in the axils. The corolla is 8-10mm in diameter, and the petals are dark orange-red and fragrant. Flowering, mid-September.

5. strawberries. denticulate

Trees, 5.2-6 meters high. The leaves are lanceolate, 8- 1 1cm long, about 3cm wide, the apex is tapered, the edge of the leaves is microwave-shaped, more than one third of them are serrated, the veins are 7-8 pairs, the buds in the axils are 2-3 pairs, the corolla is 7mm in diameter, the flowers are buttoned, the flowers are orange-yellow, slightly fragrant, the pistil is degraded and the flower amount is moderate. Flowering, mid-September.

Sijigui: Osmanthus fragrans. semperflorens

Four Seasons laurel leaves are small, shrubby, with pale yellow flowers, which bloom several times a year and have a faint fragrance. Some places are called Yue Yue, but they are collectively called Sijigui. The main characteristics of this variety are: the plant is shrub-like, the crown is oval, the branches are developed, and the branches are flourishing. At that time, the tender branches and leaves were light in color, yellow-green or green, oval, flat, serrated, leathery, light green, with drooping tips and many lateral veins, generally 15 ~ 17 pairs. The flowers are longer, and the flowers are lemon yellow or light yellow. In addition to the severe winter and summer heat, a few fragrant flowers bloom one after another, most of which bloom in autumn. The Yangtze River basin and its south area are also full of flowers in winter, so it is called Four Seasons Osmanthus, but its fragrance is not as good as other seasons. If the temperature drops below 5℃, the fragrance can hardly be smelled.

Cinnamomum cassia variety group:

1. Osmanthus fragrans varieties. Daye Fuding Pearl.

Shrub, 1.5- 1.7m high. The leaves are lanceolate, 7-9 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide, and the apex is gradually pointed. One third of the base of the leaf margin has coarse teeth, 6 pairs of veins and 1-2 pairs of flower buds in the axils. The total pedicel is developed, about 7-9 mm long, the corolla diameter is 7-8 mm, the flower shape is buckled, the petals are yellow and white, slightly fragrant, and the pistil is degraded. The flowers are medium. Flowering period: September to April of the following year.

4. Osmunda japonica. Chiyesijigui。

Large shrub, 5.5-6.5 meters high. The leaves are round, 8- 10 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, the leaf margin has coarse teeth except the base, the veins are 5-7 pairs, and there are many pairs of flower buds in the axils. The total pedicel is obvious, the length is 1-2 mm, the corolla diameter is 6-7 mm, the pattern is flat, the petals are yellow and white, and the fragrance is slight. The flowers are medium. During flowering, there are flowers in all three seasons, but most of them are in autumn, and the fragrance is light.

[13] Osmanthus fragrans (O.fragrans CV.).

Shrub, 1.4- 1.8m high. The new shoots and petioles are purplish red, the leaves are narrowly lanceolate, 7-8.5 cm long and 2.4-3.3 cm wide, the apex is tapering, the leaf margin is sparsely toothed, the veins are obvious, the lateral veins are 6 pairs, and the petiole is 5-7 mm long. There are 1-2 pairs of flower buds in the axils of leaves, with total pedicel and corolla diameter of 5-6mm. The flowers are slightly clasped, with yellow and white petals, rich aroma, pistil degeneration, seedless and sparse flowers. The flowering period is from mid-September to April of the following year, but it is mostly in autumn, with strong aroma.