How to plant the stump bonsai?

Watering is one of the most important and commonly used measures in the management of stump bonsai. Stump is planted in a pot, whether it is deep or shallow, the soil is always limited and the water content is limited. If you don't water for a long time, the stump will wither due to lack of water, so you should observe it in time, water it according to its soil dryness and wetness, and keep the soil moisture. Of course, watering should not be excessive. If you water too much, the pot soil will be too wet for a long time, which will easily lead to hypoxia and rot of the root system. At the same time, the amount of watering depends on different specific tree species, seasonal changes and cold weather. Generally speaking, in summer or drought, it is best to water it once in the morning and evening, once every day or every other day in spring and autumn, and once in the morning and evening when the stump germinates in spring. In rainy season or rainy day, you don't need to water, but also pay attention to drainage. Sandy soil can be watered more and cohesive soil less. Watering can be done by spraying water on leaves or irrigating roots. Generally the two are combined. First, spray water on the leaves, and then thoroughly irrigate the roots. Be careful not to pour "half water" to make the basin surface dry and wet, and don't spray too much water on the leaves, which will easily lead to too many branches and leaves. fertilize the soil or land

The soil in the stump bonsai basin is limited, so the nutrients are limited, so we should pay attention to the supplement of fertilizer. Because of its artistic characteristics, stump bonsai should not be fertilized too much and too frequently. It is necessary to master the contents and types of fertilization and grasp the fertilization season. The three elements of plant growth nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of branches and leaves of stumps; Phosphate fertilizer can promote the formation of flowers and fruits; Potassium fertilizer can promote the growth of stems and roots, so the choice of fertilizer should be based on the type of stump and its growth trend. To make the stump flourish, you can apply more nitrogen fertilizer; If the stump needs more flowers and fruits, the content of phosphate fertilizer can be increased; Strong roots are needed, and more potassium fertilizer can be applied when it is developed. Fertilization methods are generally divided into delayed fertilization and rapid fertilization. Generally speaking, slow-release fertilization is to mix organic fertilizer into the soil according to a certain proportion after crushing and decomposing, and mix it into the basin when changing the soil to make it slowly provide nutrients; Quick-acting fertilization is to dilute organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer, and apply fertilizer according to the seasonal growth needs of stumps, but be careful not to be too thick. Newly planted stumps are not suitable for fertilization in this way. Fertilization in rainy days will lead to the loss of fertilizer efficiency and the effect is not good. 3. Prevention and control of pests and diseases

Branch diseases: phloem and cambium rot, branch rot and ulcer, surface rot, branch rot and spots. Usually spray bordeaux mixture to scrape off the rotten part. Leaf diseases: Leaf diseases usually have yellow-brown or black spots, curved leaves, withered leaves, early defoliation and other symptoms, which may be yellowing disease, leaf spot disease, soot disease, powdery mildew and so on. Can remove leaf spot and spray Bordeaux solution; Yellowing disease can be sprayed on leaves with 0. 1 ~ 0.2 ferrous sulfate solution; Powdery mildew can be sprayed with sulfur mixture with Baume degree of 0.3 ~ 0.5. Root disease: the root of the stump bonsai is aging, which is easy to produce root rot or nodule disease caused by various bacteria and fungi. Attention should be paid to the disinfection of basin soil and the control of watering amount. Control of scale insects: There are many kinds of harm of scale insects. It is a pest that sucks juice from tree stumps. After the stump is damaged by it, it is easy to cause soot disease, such as poor growth, withered branches and leaves, premature defoliation and so on. The prevention and control method is to use 40% dimethoate EC 1000 ~ 150 times solution or 80% dichlorvos 1000 ~ 1500 times solution in addition to manual brushing. Control of Starscream: Starscream harms leaves by sucking their sap. After pests, leaves will appear gray spots, which will lead to yellowing and shedding. The control method is to kill aphids by spraying 40% dimethoate emulsion 1500 ~ 200 times or 50% sulfinate wettable powder 1500 ~ 200 times. Prevention and control: There are many kinds of aphids, and the harm is widespread. The leaves of the damaged stump are generally curled and drooping, and in severe cases, the leaves are dirty, dry and fall off. Control method: generally, 4 o% dimethoate is sprayed with 2000~300O times water solution once a week. Or spray with 2.5% 800 ~ 1200 water solution of derris. Pruning: Bonsai trees are still growing. If it is allowed to grow naturally without restraint, it will inevitably affect the shape of the tree and lose its artistic value. Therefore, timely pruning, long skill and short cutting, and close skill thinning are needed to maintain beautiful tree posture and appropriate proportion. Picking: In order to inhibit its high growth and promote the development of lateral skills, the tender shoots of tree bonsai can be picked. Bud picking: When many adventitious buds grow on the stem base or trunk of a bonsai tree, they should be picked at any time to avoid branching and affecting the beauty of the tree. Leaf picking: The ornamental period of foliage tree bonsai is often the germination period of new leaves, such as mechanical trees, pomegranates and other new leaves are red. By picking leaves, trees can grow new leaves several times a year, which is bright and pleasing to the eye and improves the ornamental effect. Pruning: Bonsai trees often produce many new branches. In order to keep its beautiful shape, we must always pay attention to pruning techniques. The pruning method depends on the tree shape. If it is cloud-shaped, trim the branches into a flat shape. Dead branches, parallel branches, crossing techniques, etc. , generally not beautiful, should be cut off in time.