Prose of Youquancheng

In Liu E's novel Travel Notes of Lao Can in the late Qing Dynasty, Jinan was described as full of springs, saying that "every family has springs, which is more interesting than the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River". Ceng Gong, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, was once well-known in Jinan and qi zhou. He said that "Qiduo Ganquan is the best in the world"; Some people say that there are four spring groups: Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring and Wulongtan Spring, and there are as many as 36 famous springs within less than three square kilometers of the old city of Jinan. Others say that spring water is almost a special companion of Jinan residents. You can just walk into that narrow alley and turn over the bricks in the ground, and you will see spring water seeping out of the wet soil there. ...

Qing Hao Zhigong wrote in the poem "Seventy-three Springs in Wulongtan":

Tanxi Jingshe listens to the sound of springs, and the new name of 73 springs.

Clean up the dust and worry about the local conditions and customs. No one here will feel the same way.

Jinan has a "famous spring" monument left over from the Jin Dynasty, which is engraved with Jinan 72 Springs. How many famous springs are there in Jinan? I don't think anyone can tell. Or Ceng Gong smart, a "gas more than Ganquan, one in the world", is an excellent summary.

When we arrived in Jinan, our first choice of tourist attractions was quancheng square.

This arrangement has its reasons. Because many tourist cities now attach great importance to the construction of city squares. Nowadays, most city squares are built with their grandeur, grandeur and city symbols ... to show tourists the colorful, cultural heritage, historical sites and natural scenery of the city, which is the basis of a city's civilization and cultural significance. When we arrived in Dalian, which is known as the romantic city, we went to People's Square to witness the heroic footprints of the builders of Qian Qian, which were engraved with solid footprints. When we go to Qingdao, which has the reputation of blue melody, we will go to May 4th Square to pay tribute to the famous sculpture standing in the square-a red torch-shaped "May Wind" built to commemorate the May 4th Movement, and recall the heartfelt cry of the Chinese nation in blood shed, "Fight for national rights abroad, punish national thieves at home" and "Give me back Qingdao".

The bus goes to the entrance of the square. I saw a stone tablet standing at the gate of the square. The front is engraved with the four characters "quancheng square"; Quancheng square is engraved on the back.

The tour guide said: quancheng square is like a bright gem, which adorns and displays Jinan. At the same time, it is a city living room specially built by hospitable Jinan people. Quancheng square receives an average of 30,000 Chinese and foreign tourists every day.

This square is really magnificent, with a length of 780 meters from east to west and a width of 230 meters from north to south, covering an area of 16.7 hectares.

There are many celebrities in Jinan, and there is a tall and dense forest on both sides of quancheng square, which is a forest of celebrities. Most forests are tall trees, such as ginkgo and cedar, but also willow trees, green grass and safflower. There are two antique stone pavilions in the forest, which are called "Siming Pavilion".

When we got here, we were still confused about many scholars in Jinan at first. When you walk to the Qilu Culture and Art Corridor in the north of quancheng square and see the sculptures of famous people in the past dynasties bred and grown on Qilu land, you have to nod passively, and you will have reverence for this land. There are 0/2 sculptures of celebrities in past dynasties, in historical order: Yu Shun, Guan Zhong, Confucius, Sun Wu, Mo Zhai, Mencius, Zhuge Liang, Wang Xizhi, Jia Sixie, Li Qingzhao and Qi Jiguang. These 12 sages were carefully selected from dozens of Qilu celebrities through expert voting and comprehensive opinions from all sides. They are all iconic figures who have played an important role and influenced China's history and culture, and their names are known to people with a little knowledge of history in China. In this corridor, there are 65,438+04 reliefs named Historical Map of Sages, which include Dong Fangzhiguang, Shun Shan, Bird Governing Lu, Tai Gong Feng Qi, Yan Ying admonishing Jun, Confucius giving lectures, Zi Gong, Sun Wu's Art of War and so on.

Finally, under the guidance of the tour guide, we enjoyed the spring signing in the square with great interest. She is the visual center of the square, which is very magnificent. This main building is about 38 meters high, taking the image modeling of the ancient Chinese character spring. A huge blue spring is a symbolic building, pointing to the sky. The surrounding ground is paved with patterns symbolizing the hidden city, symbolizing the spring rising from the city. The names of 72 springs are embedded in the ground at the bottom of the spring mark, and 72 springs are configured. Every major festival, 72 springs are ejected, with a height of more than ten meters, colorful and spectacular.

Below quancheng square is Baotu Spring Park. After eating Chinese food, we followed the guide to see Baotu Spring.

I remember Lao Can describing Baotu Spring for the third time in his travel notes:

"This Baotu Spring is the first of the seventy-two springs in Jinan. There are four or five acres of land in the soil, and the two ends are connected with streams. The water in the swimming pool is ringing. There are three big fountains in the middle of the pool, which emerge from the bottom of the pool and are two or three feet high ... These three streams of water are thicker than buckets ... "

Yuan Haowen once described Baotu Spring in Ji 'nan Travel Notes:

"Waterfall Spring is in the southwest of the city. There are also springs and long water sources. Mountains and rivers converge on the thirsty horse cliff, but they flow away, and the spring comes out near the city ... Over time, there is no shin, so the spring is three feet high. This overflow is choked by vegetation, and it can be found deep, so the spring is only two or three inches out of the water. Recently, the magistrate changed the name of the spring to Threshold Spring and set up Threshold Spring Square, which is full of poetry. However, the local people call the waterfall the same. The explosion suddenly occurred, and the south wind was like a cloud. "

Zeng Nanfeng, namely Ceng Gong, Baotu Spring was named after him. I entered Baotu Spring Park, but I haven't reached Baotu Spring Pool yet. I saw a spring pool with white marble stones as guardrails, and there was a spring in the pool. A tourist shouted, "Look, Baotu Spring"! The tour guide immediately said, "Who said this is Baotu Spring? Misleading, this is She Yuquan ". I took a closer look, and sure enough, the guardrail was engraved with the three characters "Yu Yuquan". However, it is beautiful to see the spring water flowing through the gap and gurgling down the depression along the stone fence, like a crystal curtain. The wall of the guardrail is also engraved with a poem written by Yan Bi, a poet of the Ming Dynasty: "Spring flows here at the waterfall, and the quiet day is like the sound of jade."

Going forward from Yu Yuquan, there is a rockery and a spring pool on the east side. It is about12m long. It is about 5 meters wide, and the pool edge is made of dissolved limestone, which is zigzag. Spring water flows out of the gap and flows northeast into the moat along the stream at the bottom of the pool. Around the spring pool, the rocks are rugged and the trees are shaded, which makes it very quiet and elegant. The tour guide said, "This spring pool is called Ma Paoquan". Then, she introduced the origin of Ma Paoquan. According to legend, at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Bing invaded Jinan. Liu Yu, the company commander of Jinan, has a warrior. After Guan Yu, a general of the Five Tigers in the Han Dynasty, he was called Guan Sheng. He died heroically in the battle to defend Jinan city. When his mount saw that his master was killed in the battle, it roared and roared, and angrily scratched the ground with four hooves. Immediately, he dug out a spring and rushed up. In memory of the hero who protected the city, Jinan people named this spring "Ma Paoquan". A temple named "Wang Guan Temple" or "Guan Gong Temple" was built on the north bank of the spring. After listening to the introduction, people feel that the scenery here and the touching legends complement each other and leave a very deep impression on people.

Further on, the largest spring pool appeared, 30 meters long and 18 meters wide. There are three streams in the center of the spring pool, which are not far apart. Waterfalls and springs are rushing, and tourists suddenly exclaim: "Baotu Spring"! Yes, this is Baotu Spring. The tour guide said proudly. These three springs are euphemistically called' sudden rise' and are one of the eight scenic spots in Jinan. The word' treasure road' means jumping, and the word' road' means rushing higher. Zeng Nanfeng named this spring "Baotu Spring" because it was "as swift as a waterfall".

There is a hollow pavilion on the west bank of the spring pool, named Guanlan Pavilion, with red columns and yellow tiles, cornices and horns. One side faces the shore, and the other side faces the water. The green willows are reflected in the water, which makes each other interesting and has a unique charm. It is said that Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty came here, wrote several quips about Guanlan, and wrote the word "surging", which was engraved on the imperial tablet. Up to now, there are still many stone carvings here, such as Runrun, Quanfei, Feitao, Yuyu, Zhu Lan, Shallow Snow, Hui Waterfall and Yang Qing. Legend has it that eight ministers who followed Kangxi were ordered to attach inscriptions.

Baotu Spring is the former site of Pengshan in the east and Laihe Bridge in the north, both of which were built by Licheng County Magistrate Zhang in Wanli period. East of the bridge is Wanghe Pavilion Tea House, which is built by the water and has bright windows. People in China pay attention to drinking tea, and good tea needs good water to brew. People say that Baotu Spring is pure and quiet, sweet and refreshing. Emperor Qianlong used this spring to make tea. We will be emperors again! So everyone asked for a cup of fragrant tea here. If you don't drink water, Jinan will be empty. None of the people who came to visit Baotu Spring were empty to Jinan. Raise a glass and drink tea, and truly feel the elegance of "a piece of ice heart swaying, three Yushu trees shining in the pool".

The landmark of Jinan Spring City is that two spring tubes are wound into two semicircles in the middle and then rushed into the air, which looks like two question marks. It seems to ask: There are many springs in Spring City. Where does the spring come from? There are many springs in Spring City. Where do the springs flow?

According to the book Grand View of Famous Springs in Jinan, Jinan is rich in spring water, which comes from the southern mountainous area of Jinan. "Atmospheric precipitation leaks underground, flows northward to the urban area along the inclined direction of rock stratum, and when it is blocked by intrusive rock mass, confined water gushes out from the surface to form spring water".

Where do many springs in Jinan flow? Flowing to Daming Lake, Daming Lake is formed by "a hundred springs in the lake". The next day, we went to Daming Lake again.

"Lotus on four sides and willow on three sides, a city with mountains and a half city with lakes" is the landscape feature of Daming Lake. Walking into Daming Lake Park and looking around, you will feel that this couplet accurately and vividly depicts the beautiful scenery here. Today's Daming Lake Park is full of green willows, flowers everywhere, and high-rise buildings by the lake are reflected in the water ... "High-rise buildings gather clouds and water, and small bridges go straight to Yuqiaodu", which is very charming and beautiful. It is the same as Donghu Park in Wuhan and Xuanwu Lake Park in Nanjing. Daming Lake Park is quite imposing, with a vast lake area of about 460,000 square meters. If the lakeside sightseeing green space and historical sites are added, the total area of the park is 8 1 1,000 square meters.

After walking along the lake for about an hour, we arrived at Nanmen Paifang Wharf and rented a boat to visit the lake. The lake is crystal clear, and cruise ships are woven in it ... Soon, we arrived at the island in the middle of the lake. There is a famous pavilion on the island, the famous Lixia Pavilion. Jinan was named after it spread to Lishan under Lishan. This pavilion has octagonal double eaves and is magnificent and simple. Founded in the Northern Wei Dynasty, it has a history of 1000 years. In 745 AD, Du Fu wrote a poem "Banquet with Li Beihai in Li Xiating", from which "Jinan is full of celebrities" came. Today, the plaque of "Lixia Pavilion" was written by Emperor Qianlong himself. Emperor Qianlong is haunted here, and there is a romantic story. In the love story princess invented by Taiwan Province novelist Qiong Yao, it is said that this is the place where Emperor Qianlong and Xia fell in love at first sight, and the princess is the product of their one-night fling. When tourists see things and think of people, they always think of the romantic legendary story. At the main entrance, the couplet "This pavilion on the right side of the sea is ancient, and there are many celebrities in Jinan" was written by He, a famous calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty. His brushwork is vigorous and natural. There is also a famous scholar pavilion in Lixia Pavilion, and there is a couplet written by Guo Moruo, "The spring breeze of the willows is full of happiness, and the autumn waters bloom together." The artistic conception in couplets is in harmony with the surrounding scenery.

Finally, we visited Nanfeng Temple, which is located in the northeast corner of Daming Lake and was built in memory of Ceng Gong, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1072), Ceng Gong led the people to build water conservancy, develop production and set up education, and made remarkable achievements. In order to appreciate his achievements, later generations built a temple in Daming Lake as a memorial. Nanfeng Temple has three halls facing south, with red columns and blue tiles, which are arranged in an orderly way. There is a statue of Ceng Gong in the hall, and there is a couplet on the sill post in front of the hall: "The author of Yi Deng in the Northern Song Dynasty is Mr. Nanfeng." There are three halls connected with the veranda on the west side of the temple. There is a waterside pavilion named "He Yuxuan" opposite the hall. Surrounded by lotus flowers, weeping willows and clear water, the scenery is particularly elegant.

Daming Lake is so large that it is impossible to swim forever. I swam to the lake, went to the island in the middle of the lake, and saw Lixia Pavilion and Nanfeng Temple ... Half a day passed. There are many scenic spots, such as Tiegong Temple, Yuanyuan, Xiaocanglang Pavilion, Arctic Pavilion, Xinjiaxuan Temple, Longquan Pool, Lotus Temple and Mingchang Bell Pavilion. And these many scenic spots, I only hope to make up for the tour when I come to Jinan again in the future.