Wei Zi helped the emperor lie.

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This article is a famous Danish fairy tale in19th century. Andersen's original, written in 1837, is one of his most famous fairy tales.

Through the story of the incompetence of fairy tales and the deception of extravagant emperors, the scandal of hypocrisy, stupidity and self-deception of emperors and ministers was exposed and satirized.

The text describes the beautiful new clothes in detail. "In fact, it doesn't exist. Deep pits are the ugly souls of emperors and ministers.

Liars don't exist. The so-called "new clothes" have a strange feature: incompetence or stupidity, they can't see this dress. This strange feature has always been the main thread of the whole story. The characteristics of unfolding the plot and arranging the material are all fantastic and vivid stories that skillfully unfold fairy tales around this main line, which is unexpected but reasonable.

The first account of the fairy tale is that the emperor likes to wear new clothes, which is the introduction of the whole story. Then, it is written that the swindler voted for the gullible emperor and began to "make" new clothes, which is the beginning of the story. In addition to making new clothes, the emperor also wrote to see new clothes. The minister and his party didn't see the so-called new clothes, but in order not to let others say that they were incompetent or stupid, they didn't keep their tongues to praise the beauty of the cloth, exposing their hypocrisy and self-deception. This is the last development. It says that the emperor wore new clothes to participate in the parade. The article describes an ugly performance in broad daylight, from the emperor to the minister. The parade before and after the ugly performance was finally handled exquisitely by the emperor. This story. It is the climax and ending of the whole story.

Fairy tales begin to cheat, and cheating ends. This center revolves around the "new look", trying to write emperors, ministers, swindlers and all kinds of ridiculous behaviors, and exposing the hypocrisy, stupidity and decadent nature of the feudal ruling class.

study

1, cheating on each other. The use of exaggeration and imagination

Due to the corruption of the feudal system, it is not uncommon in history that people only need to take care of the poor and care about state affairs lavishly. This reality of the fairy tale writer Andersen, from the characterization, imagination and exaggeration of the characters to the whole plot, has shaped such a typical image. Arrange, from beginning to end, fully and successfully use exaggeration and imagination. At the beginning, I wrote about the emperor's favorite clothes, and even changed every set of clothes every day. Almost all the time was spent in the locker room, and all the money was spent. In order to put on beautiful clothes, he never even cared about his army, only his new clothes. Starting with such an exaggerated tone, not only its stupid and vain readers knew from the beginning, but also the incompetent emperor successfully launched the whole scam.

In fact, this is done with extremely exaggerated means and rich imagination. For example, writing a scam set by two swindlers is very strange to imagine. A liar and two liars who dare not expose the scam. The emperor and his subjects have thoroughly seen through this scam. They are very clear and insidious. They don't make fake and shoddy products, but they have non-woven fabrics and no clothes at all. They have a "chin operation", who wants to tell the truth, invisible clothes, borrow autocratic imperial power, and say that incompetence or stupidity is hopeless. Therefore, the minister's military attache lied to protect himself, and only the emperor cared about his own dignity. "The noble knight who can tell lies, the people in the window of the street, and hundreds of people are all in chorus, deceiving themselves and praising the emperor's new clothes." This is a strong irony!

All this, at first glance, seems incredible, and people can only imagine and read it, but no one will doubt its authenticity. Under dictatorship, court ministers lied to the people for their own safety. In the face of this scam, their psychological theory is of course ridiculous, but it is natural, imaginative and reasonable. In any case, all officials from the emperor to the ministers, until people are afraid of losing their jobs, are not afraid of people laughing at his stupid posts. Almost everyone feels the same way, but different people, due to different States, have slightly different words and deeds, a series of colorful and nuanced Andersen's.

The result of imagination is logical. The emperor not only knew that he had made a fool of himself, but also was afraid and incompetent. He said he was too stupid, and his minister was a selfish gang. A corrupt ruler will never give up his power and admit the truth automatically. In this case, Andersen thought, "The emperor was a little trembling because he felt that what people said seemed true, but he was thinking," I have held a parade at the end. So he put on a pretense of arrogance, and his wife followed him, holding a non-existent back skirt in her hand. The logic of "Imagination is a very similar character".

It can be seen that in real life, the imagination in real life is accomplished through exaggerated imagination, which can deepen the story of the theme, highlight the essence of things and strengthen the artistic appeal. Successfully used exaggeration and imagination to draw an ugly picture of deception and self-deception, and willingly cheated.

2。 The swindler knitted new clothes instead of other means to deceive the emperor. Why?

Fairy tales began to summarize the narrative, writing that the emperor loved new clothes so crazy, so crazy. "He didn't hesitate to spend all his money, put on new clothes and write down his extravagance," nor ... unless ... ",and wrote to him to put on new clothes, which attracted more attention than activities such as the army." The emperor ordered every suit in the locker room every day, which was extremely exaggerated, highlighting the cost of wasting all his time and energy in the locker room on the national economy and people's lives. Liars who are addicted to the emperor's new clothes and talk about the magical and beautiful new clothes are of course interested.

Two swindlers noticed the emperor in their mind and claimed that they could "weave the most beautiful cloth in the world". Sewing clothes has a strange feature: any incompetence or stupidity is hopeless, and clothes are invisible. "

This is the most in the emperor's heart. He likes to dress himself up. He doesn't ask about state affairs. He thinks this is "a really ideal dress". "The clothes I wear, you can see who is incompetent in my kingdom, and I can distinguish between a wise man and a fool." In other words, this new look is killing two birds with one stone, which is not only beautiful, but also has a magical power, which can help the emperor to test whether his subjects are incompetent and stupid, thus consolidating his rule. The emperor is certainly more attractive.

This scam is combined with imperial power. The fact is that it is a truth to say "invisible" without clothes, but having the courage to tell the truth is "incompetent" or "hopelessly stupid". "Nobody wants people to know that they can't see anything, because it will show their incompetence or stupidity." From the emperor to the minister and then to the court officials, there was no self-deception performance. The last emperor was naked and paraded in a farce. At first, people told lies, and at last, children told the truth. At last, everyone told the truth, and the emperor and ministers pretended casually until the military parade.

The emperor who lied that he had set up two liars, with his own genius, enjoyed the teasing imagination, made himself look like a clown and ruined his dignity. The immortal supreme emperor and a group of devout priests cut down the decadent feudal dynasty and mercilessly flogged the satirical stories. They were stupid, despicable and hypocritical. In order to keep power in all self-deception, so the acting fairy told us that we should keep a childlike innocence, make selfless dedication and dare to tell the truth.

3。 The emperor wanted to see how the new clothes were woven, but he dared not look at himself. What are the psychological activities when the author focuses on his own psychological activities?

This tortuous psychological description is very exciting. "However, I think anyone who is stupid or incompetent can look at this cloth. I don't feel unnatural in my heart. " This is the first round, contact the description of the new clothes, not the first paragraph of his hobby. The emperor himself actually has a real heart. What he is afraid of is invisibility, incompetent emperors and cleverness. Then the second turning point: "He thinks there is no need to worry." From "unnatural" and "fear", it was actually her courage that forced her to calm down. Nevertheless, he still thinks it is more appropriate to send someone to see the progress of the work first. "This is the third time. He was worried that they couldn't see the cloth, which proved that he was incompetent or stupid, so he had an idea. I'll send someone to find a more suitable one first. These contradictory psychological activities accurately express the emperor's confidence, timidity, stupidity and cunning, which not only makes the characters vivid, but also deepens the central idea.

4。 Ministers, officials, and emperors look at the cloth, and the scenes are all the same, but where are they different in the same wording?

Written by the emperor and his cronies, the swindler repeatedly weaves three scenes to expose evil, deceiving himself and others for self-interest, and portrays his ridiculous ugly face. If you only write it once, it will not be enough to expose the corruption of the whole court. However, the three scenes are almost the same. You wrote 1 1, which is readable and difficult. He is good at accurately grasping the identity and age of the character and fully mobilizing the language art. In the three scene types, his right hand and fun will happen, so the plot is fully developed.

Old ministers and officials weave words and deeds and act differently. For the first time, I opened my eyes to the old minister in an unexpected way, and then I praised him and looked at him carefully through my glasses. Finally, I listened carefully to the emperor's words, and I can still quit. The official said that he just "watched" and took no further action.

Psychological description. The mood of the old minister and the emperor was very surprised, but the imperative sentence written by the old minister said that he was pitiful and wrote many questions about the emperor to express surprise and doubt. All three denied that they were stupid and incompetent, but the wording changed: the highest rhetoric of the old emperor who was proud of his old minister was strong negation. Young frustrated officials can't help but have a little self-doubt, so it's a question: "Maybe I shouldn't have such a good official."

Describe these three people in their own unique language, and then be more or less specific, extensive and diverse. He not only praised the old minister's language, promised to tell the emperor, but also "actually" that he was indeed a liar, and then chose "go back." These are all the manifestations of the veteran's hypocrisy and self-deception, which reproduces his nervous state of mind.

Always together, written in more detail than the "honest" official of the old minister, is it because he is the first person to "see" the relationship under this scam, so the author used more pen and ink to describe it. The two ministers exposed the emperor, and they were in a state of foil and contrast. The minister is an emperor in essence, but he also adds a layer of vanity. Ministers can see it, too. How can I turn a blind eye? It can be seen that when the emperor is not only a liar, but also ministers lie and cheat each other, which is also a social ugly phenomenon.

5。 The scam was when I was a child. Honestly, what does this mean?

Filled with such lies and deception all over the world, the author suggested that an innocent child shout "innocent voice, no one dares to tell the truth", and the new clothes suddenly lost their magic. This stroke enhances the magical fairy tale color and practical significance of the work.

Why let the children open the mysterious parade of the emperor's new clothes? Because children are always cynical and outspoken: "What else is he wearing?" Where did this sentence come from? Ve is bold and simple, which definitely conforms to the identity of the child. If it is an adult, it is actually untrue. In fact, even if it comes from the mouth of the child, it represents everyone, and everyone is repeating "he has nothing on!" "This sentence. He feels, describes and combines serious themes and humorous stories from a child's point of view. Therefore, he is a well-deserved world-famous fairy tale writer.

practice

A man read this fairy tale and then answered the following questions.

1。 It doesn't exist. The emperor and the people dare not say that he didn't see it. Why?

2。 After that, it was the first time for children, to tell the truth, to tell the truth, and the emperor and his wife were still programs written by the author. How do you understand it?

The intention of setting questions: train students to read quickly, find out the key sentences and summary points, and grasp the content and theme of the article as a whole. The little question summarizes the language and performance of the "new" ministers and people in front of the emperor, and then summarizes. The purpose of small questions is to make students think further, summarize small questions on this basis, pay attention to realistic education and guide students to understand the text.

Answer: Question 1 Reference Research (2) "Question 2, before hypocrisy continues and deepens," let's play a posturing trick ". If this is over, those who are afraid will understand their stupidity and even be qualified to be the emperor and continue to "play" the next "play" to safeguard their authority, which fully exposes the cowardice and hypocrisy within the emperor.

Read the following sentences to explain the emperor's hobbies and psychological activities, and discuss the brackets.

1。 He doesn't care about his army, and he doesn't like going to the movies. Amusement parks don't like to go by carriage-unless it's to show off his new clothes. Every point must change a suit every day. People always say when they mention him:

"The emperor is in the dressing room."

(sentence)

2。 "I don't know if the organization will send it." The emperor thought. However, I think this kind of cloth is invisible to stupid or incompetent people, and I feel unnatural in my heart.

Why does the emperor feel unnatural? )

But he was thinking, "I finished this parade." "

So, he put on a proud look.

The emperor thinks what people say is true. Why does he put on a more proud look? Imagine what the emperor will do when he returns to the palace. )

The purpose of setting the topic is to guide students to follow the emperor's statement and understand and grasp the role of the emperor more deeply.

Solution: 1 A small problem points out the story of the emperor's futile and extravagant life. 2 In the context of small problems, seek solutions. Small problem, the emperor's psychological activity, or vanity.

1。 The emperor's new clothes are just as addictive.

2。 On the one hand, the emperor's foolish self-confidence, I think he can certainly withstand the test of new clothes, but because this directly threatens his dignity and the importance of imperial power, they can't help but be a little timid, so I am unnatural. "

In order to maintain his rule and authority, he cannot be exposed to the public. In fact, he is stupid and incompetent. They live with their teeth, putting more pride in the air, and at the same time exposing his paper tiger.

According to the characters in the emperor's text, the emperor's palace will still be beneficial to a liar. "Specific actions", let students determine and imagine.

Choose one of the following two questions.

1。 It takes courage to tell the truth, sometimes at a price. What would you do if you were now? The test is combined with life experience, and the questions discussed are all true.

2。 Word liars are valuable, and some people disagree with the debate on this issue.

The purpose of designing questions is to let students learn the knowledge and consciousness of real life and help them develop healthy personality with their own thoughts.

Thinking of solving problems: Question 1: The key point here is the exercise of choosing your own restrictions. The second question, first of all, let us know that in real life, he is false, so we must tell the real phenomenon and then analyze the reasons. Question 2 prompts students to understand the motivation and objective effect analysis of lying.

Teaching suggestion

This article is a fairy tale, full of genius imagination. Therefore, this function should be firmly grasped in the teaching of this paper. On the one hand, students should guess at the edge of the words they read to see if there is any difference between their imagination and the author's imagination. On the other hand, students should be guided to understand those beautiful works with profound ideological significance along the author's imagination. Guess, start a new episode, don't rush to read, let the students close their imagination and cultivate their imagination. For example:

"For the sake of beautiful clothes, you can imagine the extent to which the emperor read beautiful pictures.

Reading Two Liars can imagine two cheaters cheating on each other.

Seeing the Invisibility Cloak, you can imagine what they would do if they thought of the emperor.

After reading The Kind Old Minister Came to the Home of Two Liars, you can imagine what kind of scam the old minister would behave.

After reading The Emperor sent another honest official to see the works, you can imagine how this official would behave when he saw the scam. ”。

Read "The Emperor wants to see himself". As you can imagine, the emperor cheated and executed it.

"The next morning, the parade will be held. You can imagine what will happen to naked emperors inside and outside the palace.

Think about it, read it, and realize how rich and delicate Andersen's imagination is, and what imagination is also very good, but also let students introduce some plots, their own imagination, and read and analyze the imaginative characteristics of the text.

Secondly, the teaching of this paper should pay attention to paid reading, and on the basis of a general understanding of the content, it is best to let students read in different roles. Reading should let students distinguish what is a part of narrative, which is the description of characters in psychological description, language description and action description, and read different feelings. It may be better for tape schools to let students listen to tapes and then read books by themselves.

Third, it is easy to understand this fairy tale and interesting story literally, emphasizing the prevention of floating, rather than real reading, not paying attention to in-depth understanding and pursuing vivid surfaces, paying attention to guiding students to carefully ponder words, subtle statements, and trying to find a pen to understand its deeper meaning and wonderful sentences. This is accurate, but it should not be concise.

blackboard-writing design

Plot:

information

About the author project

Anderson was born in a shoemaker's family. Children live in poverty. Poems, plays and novels written in the early days are all "impromptu poets". Fairy tales were written in 1835, and some * * * wrote 160 over thirty times. In The Ugly Duckling, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Nightingale, The Match Girl and She's a Waste, the author reveals that darkness and money are the dominant evils of arrogance and ignorance, which satirizes the ruling class, reflects the gap between the rich and the poor, and sympathizes with the sufferings of the lower classes. A work with rich imagination, vivid plot and easy-to-understand language.

/& gt； Andersen's fairy tales reflect the democratic tradition and realistic tendency in Danish literature. His best fairy tales are well-known, and many adults and children widely read some fairy tales in today's world, such as The Little Match Girl, The Ugly Duckling and The Gatekeeper's Son. These fairy tales only truly describe the miserable life of the poor and are full of romantic feelings and fantasies. The author was born in poverty and deeply felt the gap between the rich and the poor in other societies in the jungle. On the one hand, he praised the warm and sincere brushwork of the working people in sympathy with the unfortunate poor, and praised their kindness, purity and noble temperament; The other angrily attacked the cruel, greedy, weak and stupid reactionary ruling class and exploiters, exposed scandals and all bad habits of church monks, and spared no effort to criticize social evils. The Emperor's New Clothes, The Bitter Irony of Flattering the Inefficient Emperor, The Nightingale and Peas mock the ignorant and fragile aristocratic princess. Some stories, such as dairy queen's expression of human ideals, have strengthened the optimistic belief that "the sound of music finally wins". His last work, The Gardener and the Master, also tries to create a true patriot image, which embodies the author's consistent patriotism.

Andersen's fairy tales, especially some later works, also show the limitations of his thought. Although he is full of sympathy for the poor man, he can't find a way out of his misfortune. He looked at the world with sad eyes and showed negative emotions. He believes that God is the embodiment of truth, goodness and beauty, and can lead people to "happiness". His works sometimes promote Christian fraternity and advocate the spirit of tolerance and reconciliation.

Andersen's fairy tales are closely related to folk literature, inheriting and developing the new style of folk literature. Most of his early works are based on folklore, and his later works refer to a large number of folk songs and legends.

Style and writing skills, Anderson's works are diverse, fairy tales, short stories, fables, poems, reading children and adults appreciate. His artistic images, such as naked emperor, determined tin soldier, Thumbelina, ugly duckling and red shoes, have become allusions in European languages.

Andersen is a very creative writer's language style, and he uses a lot of works of Danish lower-class daily language and folk story structure. The language is vivid, natural, fluent and beautiful, full of strong local flavor.

Fairy tales of the times are written in the background of 1837. 18th century and19th century, capitalism developed rapidly in the Danish border of western Europe and northern Europe, but it was still a constitutional monarchy country. At the most tense time, during the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark, Britain and France entered a neutral position, and the contradiction between the ruling classes of seafood trade caused British dissatisfaction. Britain and Denmark surrendered their trading fleets and merchant ships and became vassals of Britain. Denmark rejected this request. 1807, the British bombed Copenhagen and destroyed the Danish fleet. Denmark will turn from "neutrality" to belligerence and stand on Napoleon's side. Eight years later, Napoleon was defeated, Denmark became a defeated country, lost most of its territory, ran out of money, closed down banks, depressed rural areas, and all the newly emerging small-scale industries went bankrupt, and Denmark eventually became a vassal state of Britain. The continuous exploitation of the Danish feudal class and the British bourgeoisie led to a life of hunger and cold, a life of poverty, and the feudal ruling class was extravagant and extravagant.

Facing the reality of this society, Anderson adapted a Spanish folk story "The Emperor's New Clothes" to "expose the opposing leaders of the feudal ruling class, mercilessly mock the ugly behavior of the aristocratic court, and deeply dissect the social pathology.

The Emperor's New Clothes, Based on Spanish Folklore

Andersen's folktale The Emperor's New Clothes was transplanted from Spain in the Middle Ages. This is the first time to see that in the 4th century A.D./kloc-0, the seventh chapter of Manuel Esso's Earl of Locarno is a story of a king, entitled Introduction to the Naked King:

After a while, three hooligans saw a king and said they were weavers. In particular, they can compile materials, and everyone can see that as long as he has a world-recognized father, he is really his father's son. But he can't see anything that is not his imagination, his father's son. This is very similar to the king, because he thinks that with the help of this kind of textile, he knows his own kingdom, who is the son of the orthodox father and who is not. In this way, he will be a kingdom that can adapt to many things. A mole, if he is a son without a biological father, will not inherit his father's inheritance. So he ordered the first post to work in the third palace. The three men told the king not to cheat and locked them in the palace until they were made of periodic knitted materials. The king was very happy. Wang, because of the "pattern" and "color" of the new cloth, looks at nothing, just like a dead horror shock, because he believes that he can't be the king's son, and he thinks he is the father. He put on invisible clothes and rode a horse to parade in the city, and lost his good luck. It was summer.

Finally, it makes sense that the Royal Protector itself is not worried about what the black people will lose when they go to the battlefield.

Compared with the prototype of The Emperor's New Clothes, there are three major changes: First, the character modeling. He is an original figure who plays a role in the story and lacks typicality. Emperor Andersen is a typical image. Secondly, any clothes that children born out of wedlock can't see, Andersen has changed it into the original work "incompetent or stupid hopeless people see this kind of clothes". Third, it points out that a black man didn't realize that hans christian andersen, who inherited the property, had the right to expose the truth of the scam through his children. The latter two are typical fairy tales with detailed descriptions. Generally speaking, these changes are more typical in the description of The Emperor's New Clothes, thus improving the educational and artistic charm of the work. Why, today, people criticize those self-deceiving behaviors, often wearing nothing, and try to quote the emperor's very stupid stage as a metaphor.

The Emperor's New Clothes, from Spanish folklore, is not difficult to find the author's original story, give full play to his imagination and carefully recreate it. Only from these changes, we can see some creativity and intelligence of Andersen.

The artistic features of this article

The emperor's new clothes, "pay great attention to the clarity and completeness of the narrative. Describe the method and order that it is most easily accepted by children, write the protagonist, describe the emperor's "hobby" of wearing new clothes, then attract swindlers, then write knitting clothes, and finally write that the emperor took "new clothes" to parade and make a fool of himself. The unfolding story sequence, interlocking, gradually leads to the climax, and finally summarizes briefly, because there is room for imagination. This word can not only satisfy children's intelligence level, but also satisfy their curiosity, and is also conducive to cultivating their meticulous thinking ability, clear expression ability and rich imagination.

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