Wei Zi Yingshanhong HD wallpaper

Name: Du Ying with pointed leaves Category: arbor

Alias: Changmang Du Ying Last name: Du Yingke

Latin scientific name: Du Ying with pointed petals.

Ecological habit

Warm soil tree species grow fast, like warm and humid environment, and are suitable for acidic yellow soil, but it requires good drainage, developed roots and strong germination.

morphological character

Evergreen trees, up to 30 meters high. Branchlets thick and grayish brown. Leaves leathery, oblanceolate, 0 ~ 30 cm long. Racemes are born in axillary branches with white flowers. Drupe is approximately spherical.

Breeding and cultivation

Garden use

Native to China, Hainan and Guangdong.

Distribution of origin

Suitable for ornamental trees in gardens, and can be planted in clumps, slices or as street trees.

Name of species: Ficus macrophylla

Scientific name: green banyan

Nickname: Li Jue

Family: Moraceae genus: Ficus

Distribution of origin

China, South Asia and Oceania.

morphological character

Trees. Leaves alternate, papery or thinly leathery, oblong or ovoid, 6-15cm long and 2-7.5cm wide, with short or blunt tips, usually blunt or round bases and a few narrow or shallow hearts. Entire, with veins, 5 ~ 10 pairs of lateral veins, slightly obvious dorsal and reticular veins; Inflorescence solitary or axillary in pairs, or clustered on deciduous branchlets, 5 ~ 8 mm in diameter, yellow or red when mature, inflorescence without total peduncle. Flowering and fruiting period can be found all year round.

Growth habit

Trees are tall, heat-resistant, barren-resistant, fast-growing and pollution-resistant.

Garden use

Can be used as street trees and landscape trees.

Breeding and cultivation

High pressure cutting propagation.

Rubber tree ex Hernem。 (Moraceae)

Habit: evergreen tree.

Morphological characteristics:

Crown development; The bark is smooth; There is milk. The leaves are thick leathery, shiny, oblong or rectangular, with a short and sharp apex, a blunt base and surrounding; Lateral veins are many and thin, parallel and transverse; Stipules solitary, lanceolate, reddish. Inflorescence receptacle sessile, born in leaf axils in pairs, oblong, yellow when mature, initially surrounded by hat-shaped bracts, with flat cup-shaped bodies left at the base after the bracts fall off in the upper part; Male flowers, hidden flowers and female flowers are born in the same inflorescence receptacle; Tepals of male flowers are 4, oviparous, stamens 1, few filaments; Invisible perianth segments 4, style terminal; The female flower looks like a hidden flower, but the style is lateral.

Uses: Landscape trees, street trees.

Origin: India to Malaysia.

Rhododendron —— Beauty in Flowers

Scientific name: Rhododendron

British name: Indian azalea

Alias: Yingshanhong, Shan Shiliu, Mountain Wandering, Red Wandering.

Family name: Ericaceae

Origin and Habit: There are about 900 species of rhododendron, about 850 species in Asia, including about 530 species in China, which are distributed in all communities except Xinjiang. There are about 280 species in New Guinea and Malaysia, almost all of which are epiphytes. In addition, there are 24 species in North America, 9 species in Europe and 1 species in Oceania. There are many kinds of rhododendrons, which vary greatly, including evergreen trees, small trees, evergreen shrubs and deciduous shrubs. Habits are also very different, but most species are produced in high altitude areas, preferring cool and humid climate and avoiding extreme heat and dryness. The soil is required to be rich in humus, loose and moist, and the ph value is between 5.5 and 6.5. Some species and horticultural varieties have strong adaptability, drought tolerance and barren tolerance, and can grow in the soil ph value of 7-8. Rhododendron has certain requirements for light, but it is not resistant to exposure. In summer and autumn, there should be trees or shade sheds to keep out the scorching sun. Generally, bamboo shoots are picked in spring and autumn, mainly bamboo shoots. The optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 25℃. When the temperature is higher than 30℃ or lower than 5℃, the growth tends to stagnate. There is a short dormant period in winter.

Morphological characteristics: There are many kinds of rhododendrons with different shapes. From big trees (more than 20m in height) to small shrubs (only 10cm-20cm in height), the trunk is erect or creeping, and the branches alternate or alternate.

The varieties often cultivated in China are: Mao Juan, Xia Juan, Xijuan, Wild Tobacco, Rhododendron rubrum, Mayflower and Rhododendron yunyin.

Note: the plants and flowers of Rhododendron flavum contain toxins, which will cause poisoning after eating by mistake; The flowers of Rhododendron leucocephala contain tetracyclic diterpenoids, which cause vomiting, dyspnea and numbness of limbs after poisoning.

Key points of propagation: sowing, cutting, grafting and layering can be used for propagation.

Uses: Rhododendron is an excellent bonsai material with lush leaves, beautiful and colorful flowers, strong germination, pruning resistance and strange roots. Gardens are most suitable for planting in clusters near forest edges, streams, Chi Pan and rocks, or scattered under sparse forests. Rhododendron is also a good material for hedges, and Mao Juan can also be pruned and cultivated into various forms. Rhododendron Garden has its own characteristics. Rhododendron can be used as medicine, and some can be eaten.

In the domestic environment, potted azaleas are better. It is appropriate to choose early spring or late autumn as the time to go to the basin. Rhododendron roots expand slowly, so it is advisable to use 3-inch pots for 1 ~ 2 years, 4-inch pots for 3 ~ 4 years, change pots 1 time every 3 ~ 5 years, and trim roots at the same time. Water, according to the specific situation of flexible grasp. When the temperature is low, there is little water; In high school, you should water while drying, but you must not accumulate water. Fertilization should be thin and diligent. For 2 ~ 4-year-old seedlings, in order to accelerate the formation of plants, the methods of coring and bud picking are often used to promote the growth of new branches; After the plant is formed, the diseased branches, weak branches and overlapping branches are mainly cut off, and thinning is the main method.

Rhododendron, also known as Rhododendron by the masses, refers to all kinds of red rhododendron, describing its bright red brilliance to make the mountains red. In fact, which rhododendron is red, today's plant taxonomy only takes "Yingshanhong" as one species (including many cultivated varieties). Rhododendron is naturally distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere. There are more than 800 species in the world, including more than 600 species in China and nearly 300 species in Yunnan. Undoubtedly, China is the origin of Rhododendron, and Yunnan is its distribution center.

Rhododendrons are mostly shrubs and small trees, one or two meters high. For ten days, Rhododendron and Rhododendron purpurea flowers crawled on the rocky ground, only a few centimeters high. There are dozens of feet of azaleas and thousands of flowers. The top of the azalea is an umbrella-shaped tidbit, which consists of several bell-shaped or funnel-shaped flowers, just like a full hydrangea. Most leaves are leathery. They are as big as a batch of handles and as small as nails. There is also a rhododendron with sharp leaves, more than 70 cm long and 20 cm wide. The fruit is a capsule and the seeds are as fine as dust. Sowing must be carefully managed before seedlings can be unearthed.

Rhododendron grows in the mountains, Zhongshan, low mountains and fields at an altitude of 800-4500 meters in Yunnan, with the most abundant species in the mountainous areas of western Yunnan. Especially in the alpine wetlands. Many kinds of evergreen rhododendrons, such as yellow rhododendron, Rhododendron glabra, Rhododendron globosa and Rhododendron latifolia, often form dense rhododendron flowers and pure forests, and there is a "sea of flowers" spectacle of rhododendrons from 10 to 20 kilometers. The flowering period of azaleas varies with climate and varieties. The warm areas in the low mountains are mostly open in February-March, the cool areas in the middle mountains are mostly open in April-June, and the cool areas in the high mountains are mostly open in July-August. Due to the variety, wide distribution and complex ecological environment, the posture and charm of rhododendron flowers are also diverse: some branches are sparse, and some branches are dry; Some are lush, handsome and tall, and some are vigorous and quaint. Its patterns and colors are even more colorful: crimson like fire, golden yellow, crystal blue like treasure, or spotted or striped, pink, magenta, orange yellow, lavender, yellow with red, red with white, white with green, which is really ever-changing and spectacular. Some have heavy make-up, gorgeous clothes, some have light white, some have red lips and white teeth, and some have refreshing fragrance. They really have their own charm and grace.

Due to the important value of rhododendron in gardens, China's rich and diverse social rhododendron resources have long been coveted by western countries. As early as the beginning of19th century, they sent people to Yunnan many times to collect specimens and seeds, which cost a lot. Today, hundreds of azaleas boasted by the Royal Botanical Garden have been collected and cultivated in Yunnan and have already grown into forests. When the buds are in full bloom, English women and men are touching.

19 19, British collector frith accidentally discovered the "cuckoo giant"-Rhododendron dendrobii on the west slope of Gaoligong Mountain in Tengchong, Yunnan. Greed drove him to hire a coolie, settle down, raise an axe, cut down the 280-year-old rhododendron which is 25 meters high, 87 centimeters high, and brought back a disc-shaped wood specimen, which is still displayed in the British Museum in London. But 63 years later, in February of 198 1, scientists discovered the highest and largest azalea king known in the world. According to further investigation by Tengchong Forestry Bureau, there are still 12 rhododendrons with DBH above 1 m, the largest of which is 1, with a height of 25m, a diameter of 3.07m and a tree age of over 500 years. The inflorescence of Rhododendron grandiflora is a very beautiful flower cluster, water red. Each inflorescence consists of 20 ~ 24 bell-shaped flowers, with a length of 6 cm-8 cm, a diameter of 6 cm and a inflorescence diameter of 25 cm. This natural tree-Rhododendron, with lush canopy and brilliant flowers like clouds, is the pride of Yunnan and the pride of the motherland!

It comes from the leaves of Musaceae. See Banana Root for details of plant morphology.

This series can be collected all year round.

Sweet, light and cold.

Name of species: Canna

Scientific name: canna

Nicknames: Canna grandiflora, Red Banana

Family: Cannaceae.

Genus: Canna

Distribution of origin

It is a hybrid of the same plant native to South America and subtropics. Flowers bloom in summer and autumn.

morphological character

Perennial herbs. The plant height can reach 100 cm ~ 150 cm, and the rhizome is hypertrophy; The stems and leaves are white powder, and the leaves are wide and oval. The raceme is terminal, the flower diameter can reach 20 cm, the petals are straight, and there are 4 petaloid stamens, and the colors are milky white, yellow, orange red, pink, red to purple. Flowering period: June-65438+1October (north).

Growth habit

Like warm and abundant sunshine, not cold-resistant. It requires deep and fertile soil, and potted plants require loose soil and good drainage. Fertilization is usually carried out during the growing season. In the north, underground tubers should be dug out before frost and stored in an environment with a temperature of about 5℃. Because of its large color, rich color, good plant shape and easy cultivation. The optimum temperature for open culture is 13 ~ 17℃. The requirements for soil are not strict, and it grows best in loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage, and is also suitable for the growth of fertile clay soil. Jiangnan can spend winter in the wind. Reproduce by dividing plants or sowing. The ramet propagation is carried out in April-May when the bud eye begins to germinate, and 2-3 buds are cut from each area of the rhizome for planting.

Breeding and cultivation

Sowing and propagation: from April to May, cut the hard seed coat with a sharp tool, soak it in warm water for one day and night, then sow it in the open field, germinate 2-3 weeks after sowing, transplant it once when 2-3 leaves grow, and blossom in the same year or the next year. It is a common material for shrub edge, flower diameter and reading glasses in gardens. Dwarf varieties should be selected for potted plants. The soil in the basin is loam rich in organic matter and mixed with a small amount of river sand. Planting after late frost in spring, each pot should be 1 ~ 2 plants. After planting, water should be poured enough to keep the pot soil moist, otherwise the leaves will be burnt or even the flowers will be scarce. After the plant grows to 3-4 leaves, topdressing should be done every 10 day until flowering. Cut off the residual flowers in time after flowering to promote the germination of new branches. Before the autumn frost comes, move it indoors for maintenance and wintering in time. Canna likes hot weather and sunshine. It thrives in rich and deep soil rich in organic matter. Afraid of strong winds, not cold-resistant, once frosted, the stems and leaves on the ground will wither, leaving the stems underground. You can spend the winter in the open air in Jiangnan. To the north of the Yangtze River, the underground stems should be dug out, wintered in the cellar, and planted the next year. Avoid waterlogging and dampness during storage to prevent tuber rot. Reproduce with tubers.

Key points of cultivation

1. Roots and buds must be separated when planting alone.

2. Rootstock should be stored in a dry place, which is easy to rot when it gets wet.

3. Cut off the stem at any time after flowering to reduce nutrient consumption and promote its continuous flowering.

Canna originated from Canna of Cannaceae, and its roots and flowers are used as medicine. It can be harvested in all seasons, fresh or dry.

Sexual taste is sweet, light and cool.

Function: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, calming nerves and lowering blood pressure. For acute infectious jaundice hepatitis, neurosis, hypertension, erythema and leucorrhea; External use for treating traumatic injury and sores.

Usage and dosage: 1 ~ 2, fresh roots 2 ~ 4. Apply a proper amount of fresh roots to the affected area.

Canna is a perennial herb flower of Cannaceae, and its height can reach 1 m. Rhizomes are horizontal and obese. The aboveground stems are fleshy and unbranched. Leaves alternate, wide, oblong-lanceolate. The raceme starts from the top of the stem. Flowering from June to 65438+ 10. The flower is large, with 5 petal-shaped staminodes, of which 3 are large, with bright red, bright red Phnom Penh, orange yellow or orange yellow spots, which are the main ornamental parts. In Xia Zhishi, the most beautiful flower is canna. She is slim and graceful, and her posture is very pleasing, especially the green leaves and red flowers, and even drunkenness.

Canna is not only ornamental, but also its roots and flowers can be used as medicine, which has the effects of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, calming the nerves and lowering blood pressure. Canna flower 9- 15g, decocted in water to treat traumatic bleeding. Canna root 15-30g, decocted in water, can treat icteric hepatitis. Do not eat fish, shrimp, spicy food, meat dishes, meat oil and other foods during taking the medicine, which usually turns yellow in about a week. Canna root 9- 15g, appropriate amount of glutinous rice, stewed chicken, can cure bloody collapse, excessive leucorrhea and other diseases.

Oil palm originated in tropical West Africa, because its tree shape is a bit like coconut, also known as "oil coconut". The oil content of oil palm fruit is as high as 50%. One oil palm can produce 30-40 kilograms of oil every year, and the oil yield per mu can reach 100-200 kilograms. With excellent varieties, the oil yield per mu in a small area can reach more than 600 kilograms. The oil yield per mu of oil palm is 2-3 times that of coconut and 7-8 times that of peanut, so it is known as the "oil king of the world". Because of its high oil yield and wide use, oil palm has been introduced in tropical and subtropical areas in the past hundred years, and it has been planted in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other provinces in China since 1926.

Oil palm oil, also known as palm oil or palm oil, is a brownish-red non-drying oil, which contains a lot of carotenoids, vitamin E and trace cholesterol, and has a low ignition point. Potatoes, instant noodles and other foods fried with it are not only crispy and delicious, but also can be preserved for a long time, so people in tropical areas have long regarded it as the first-class edible oil. After being processed and purified, oil palm oil is as clear as water and as smooth as fat. It can be used not only in medicine and food, but also in machinery industry and air transportation. It is also a good rust inhibitor and welding agent for steel plates. In addition, oil palm oil can also be used to produce soap and soap, oil palm kernel can produce soy sauce, and oil palm shell can produce activated carbon.

Oil palm fruit

The fruit of oil palm is particularly interesting. They are always "hidden" in groups in hard petioles with thorns on their edges. They are almost oval and have smooth skin. When it first grows, it is green or dark brown, and the size is like a broad bean. When it matures, it gradually turns yellow or red, slightly larger than pigeon eggs. After picking the ripe oil palm fruit, add some sugar or salt, boil it with water and you can eat it directly. The pulp is oily but not greasy, fragrant and refreshing, but there are some crude fibers in the pulp, which are easy to plug teeth.

Chrysalidocarpus lutesens, also known as yellow coconut. Palmae, Solanum. From Madagascar in Africa.

Morphological characteristics: evergreen shrubs or small trees. Plant height is 3 ~ 8 meters, clustered, and there are many tillers at the base. The stems are smooth, yellow-green, with obvious leaf scars, like bamboo joints. Feather compound leaves, smooth and slender, slightly curved petiole tail, bright green. Leaflets are linear or lanceolate, about 30 cm long and 1 ~ 2 cm wide. The fruit is purple and black. A common ornamental species of the same genus is C. cabadae, with a plant height of 10 m, slender stems, swollen bases, alternate leaves, slender leaflets, bright green fruits and small red.

Habit: I like warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment. Afraid of cold and strong light, the requirements for soil are not strict, and loose soil rich in humus is suitable.

Cultivation management: Sunflowers are afraid of cold and strong light to avoid burning leaves. Sunflowers like semi-cloudy environment, and they should block about 50% of the sunshine in spring, summer and autumn. The optimum growth temperature is 20 ~ 25℃, the temperature should be above 65438 05℃ at night in winter and around 25℃ during the day. If it is lower than 5℃ for a long time, it will be frozen and even die.

In the growing season, it is necessary to keep the basin soil moist and the air around the plants has high humidity. To keep the leaves clean in winter, you can often spray a small amount of water or scrub them. Fertilize 1 ~ 2 times a month during the growing season.

The requirements for soil are not strict, and loose soil rich in humus is suitable. Potted seaweed can be made of humus soil, peat soil and 1/3 river sand or perlite and base fertilizer. Change pots and apply base fertilizer every 2 ~ 3 years in spring. When changing pots, the dead branches and leaves should be removed, and too dense clumps should be cut off according to the growth situation, so as to facilitate the germination of faithful clumps and maintain a beautiful potted posture.

Propagation: both sowing and rameting are possible, but rameting is commonly used. In spring, the plants with more tillers are cut into 2 ~ 3 plants with a sharp knife, and potted directly, and kept at 20 ~ 25℃ for quick recovery. Generally, after 1 ~ 2 years of maintenance, it can become a potted commodity. If seeds can be obtained, the harvested fruits should be washed and soaked in warm water at 35℃ for two days before sowing. With germination and transplantation. Spray more foliar water on sunny days. Generally speaking, growth is slow in childhood and rapid in adulthood.

Pests and diseases: leaf spot, leaf tip and leaf margin are the most vulnerable, leading to dryness and atrophy. At the initial stage of the disease, 500 times of 50% clondan wettable powder was sprayed for prevention and treatment. In addition, there may be scale insects, which can be sprayed with 40% omethoate EC 1500 times.

Cycas, also known as Cycas, belongs to the genus Cycas, an evergreen tree, the oldest existing seed plant on the earth, with beautiful tree shape, indoor potted plants as high as 3 meters, thick cylindrical stems, no branches, thick leaves and scales. The leaves are clustered at the top of the stem, and the large pinnate compound leaves are closely arranged. Leaflets are short and narrow, arranged in a keel shape, linear, leathery, sharp and hard, with dark green luster, and the leaf margin is rolled back. Sex likes sunshine, dry and ventilated environment, not cold-resistant, good fat, like sand, slow growth.

This plant is also an excellent expert in absorbing indoor benzene pollution, which can effectively decompose formaldehyde existing in carpets, insulation materials and plywood and xylene hidden in wallpaper that is harmful to the kidneys. At the same time, Cycas also has high ornamental value, but the price of large potted plants is relatively expensive.

frangipani

Scientific name: frangipani var. acuminata

Alias: gardenia, yolk flower

Apocynaceae, Plumeria.

It's not America. China introduced and cultivated. Branchlets of deciduous shrubs or small trees are plump and fleshy. The leaves are large and thick, papery, mostly clustered at the top of branches, and the veins are connected to one side near the leaf edge. Several flowers are clustered at the top of the branch, and the corolla is tubular, about 5-6 cm in diameter, 5-lobed, milky white outside, bright yellow in the center and extremely fragrant. Flowering: May -65438+ 10. Plumeria blossoms in summer, fragrant and elegant; After the leaves fall, the bare trunk naturally bends and looks beautiful. Suitable for planting in courtyards and grasslands or potted plants. The fragrance of flowers can be extracted from spices, or dried in the sun for beverage processing, or used as medicine.

Jin Fenghua

Scientific name: Yunshi

English name: beautiful Caesalpinia

Alias: Huang Jinfeng, Iris, Huang Die,

Cicada, golden phoenix

Family name: Leguminosae

Features:

Erect evergreen shrub. Up to 3m, the branches are green or pink, and the thorns are sparse. Four to eight pairs of bipinnately compound leaves are opposite, and seven pairs of leaflets are 1 1, round or obovate, with oblique base, concave top and short petiole. Racemes are terminal or axillary, petals are round and stalked, orange or yellow, and pedicels are 7 cm long. The pods are black. Six to nine seeds. The flowering and fruiting period lasts for several years.