Study on the Development Strategy of Cultivated Land Reserve Resources in Shandong Province

Cultivated land reserve resources refer to the unused land that can be developed into cultivated land under the existing technical and economic conditions and the idle and abandoned land caused by various reasons, which is a combination of a group of land types. Cultivated land reserve resources are the main potential to supplement cultivated land and realize the balance between occupation and compensation. The quantity, quality, distribution and development and utilization strategy of cultivated land reserve resources have an important impact on land use in the whole province. According to the requirements of the Notice of the Ministry of Land and Resources on the Investigation and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Reserve Resources in East China, Shandong Province carried out the investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources in the whole province from September 2002 to September 2003. The data obtained from this survey and evaluation comprehensively reflect the quantity, quality and distribution of the reserve resources of cultivated land in the whole province, and provide basic, complete and current information for formulating the development strategy of the reserve resources of cultivated land in the whole province.

1 Status of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province

The total amount and structure of 1. 1

According to the survey, the area of all cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province is 759,0731.1mu, accounting for 3.20% of the total land area in the province, of which the cultivated land reserve resources are 64,84615.0 mu, accounting for 85.43% of the total cultivated land reserve resources in the province. Reclaimed land110616.1mu, accounting for 14.57%. Of all the arable land reserve resources, 5,486,255.9 mu is the national arable land reserve resources (referring to the arable land reserve resources with a relatively concentrated contiguous area of over 600 mu and a single plot area of over 100 mu and the exploitable arable land reserve resources with a relatively concentrated contiguous area of over 300 mu and a single plot area of over 50 mu), accounting for 72.28% of all the arable land reserve resources; Among them, the cultivated land reserve resources are 4,573,598.9 mu, accounting for 83.36% of the national cultivated land reserve resources in the province; The recoverable reserves are 9 12657.0 mu, accounting for 16.64%. See table 1 for details.

It can be seen that the cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province are mainly cultivated land reserve resources, mainly grassland and saline-alkali land; Reclaimed farmland reserve resources occupy a certain proportion of abandoned land, mainly including some brick kilns, abandoned land after village relocation and industrial and mining abandoned land, and the subsidence is mainly coal mining subsidence land.

1.2 spatial distribution

The spatial distribution of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province is uneven, and most of the high-quality cultivated land reserve resources are concentrated in the alluvial-diluvial plain area of the Yellow River Delta in northern Shandong Province. The total cultivated land reserve resources in Binzhou and Dongying account for 40% of the whole province, and the cultivated land reserve resources in the two cities account for nearly 10% and 15% of the total land area respectively, and most of the cultivated land reserve resources in this area are concentrated and contiguous, and the national reserve resources account for more than 45% of the whole province. The reserve resources in other parts of the province are relatively poor. See Table 2 for details.

Table 1 Total amount and composition of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province

Table 2 Distribution unit of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province: mu

1.3 ownership composition

6,577,553.3 mu of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province are collectively owned, accounting for 86.7% of the total cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province. State-owned cultivated land reserve resources 1 0 13 177.8 mu, accounting for 13.3% of the total cultivated land reserve resources in the province.

The state-level cultivated land reserve resources collectively own 477,337.6438+0 mu, accounting for 87.0% of the total state-level cultivated land reserve resources in the province; The state owns 7 129 18.8 mu, accounting for 13.0% of the total cultivated land reserve resources in the whole province.

1.4 quality classification

According to the Technical Specification for Investigation and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Reserve Resources in Eastern China, combined with the actual situation of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province, the land with evaluation index greater than 80 is easy to develop, 50 ~ 80 is easy to develop and less than 50 is difficult to develop.

According to the investigation and evaluation results, the reserve area of cultivated land in the province is 2,385,383.4 mu, accounting for 3 1.4% of the reserve resources of cultivated land in the province. It is easy to cultivate reserve resources of 33 12586.4 mu, accounting for 43.6%; 786,645.2 mu of hard-to-cultivate land, accounting for 10.4%. 734,559.4 mu of easily reclaimed land, accounting for 9.7% of all reserve resources; 325,260.6 mu of easily reclaimed land, accounting for 4.3%; 46 296. 1 mu, accounting for 0.6% (figure 1).

Figure 1 Quality Composition of Cultivated Land Reserve Resources in Shandong Province

The reserve resources in Shandong Province are mainly easy to develop and easy to develop.

2. Restrictive factors and potential analysis of cultivated land reserve resources development.

2. 1 Main types of cultivated land reserve resources and development constraints

Cultivated grassland, arable saline-alkali land, arable reed land, arable beach, recyclable wasteland and recyclable subsidence land are the main types of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province, with a total area of 7168,600 mu, accounting for 94.45% of all cultivated land reserve resources, which is the main potential of cultivated land reserve resources in Shandong Province.

2. 1. 1 can reclaim wasteland.

The total area of cultivated land and grassland in the province is 299,4301.5 million mu, accounting for 39.45% of the total cultivated land reserve resources in the province and 466.5438+08% of the total cultivated land reserve resources. According to the different surface ups and downs, it can be divided into two types: arable plain grassland and arable upland meadow. The former is mainly distributed in the plain areas of western Shandong and northern Shandong, while the latter is concentrated in the hilly areas of the peninsula and the mountainous areas of central Shandong.

Most of the arable plain wasteland is easy to cultivate, and its development is mainly restricted by hydrological and soil conditions. Due to low terrain, high groundwater level and long-term poor drainage, most soils are slightly salinized, which affects crop growth. Its development needs to dig ditches and drain water, dig deep into the land and build square fields; Saline-alkali-tolerant crops can be planted in areas with serious saline-alkali, and the soil can be gradually improved. The development investment of plain grassland is relatively small, especially the exploitable grassland in the Yellow River Delta in northern Shandong Province, which has a large single area and wide distribution, and is convenient for centralized and large-scale development. By developing perfect engineering facilities, the stable and high yield of cultivated land can be guaranteed. Rational development of grassland reserve resources in the plain can also improve the ecological environment.

There are many restrictive factors in upland meadow, and more of them belong to easier and more difficult land reclamation in the evaluation results. First of all, the terrain slope is large, and its development is easy to lead to soil erosion, so it is generally necessary to build terraces; Secondly, the grassland in mountainous areas has thin soil layer, low soil organic matter content and high gravel content, and the quality of cultivated land developed is generally poor; In addition, the protection degree of irrigation water source in mountainous grassland is generally low, and most of them need electric pumping irrigation, which increases the production cost. The developable grassland in mountainous areas is mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of central and southern Shandong and hilly areas of Shandong Peninsula, with small single area and scattered distribution, which makes it difficult to organize and coordinate development.

2. 1.2 Cultivated saline-alkali land

Cultivable saline-alkali land is the second largest reserve resource type in Shandong Province, with a total amount of 207110.2 mu, which is mainly distributed in the alluvial plain of northern Shandong Province and relatively concentrated.

The main restricting factor for the development of saline-alkali land is the chemical properties of soil. Because of the high content of chemical substances such as salt and alkali in soil, the normal growth of crops is affected. In addition, the causes of saline-alkali land are generally low-lying, high groundwater level and poor drainage, which has also become a factor restricting the reclamation of saline-alkali land.

Engineering measures and biological measures must be paid equal attention to in developing cultivated saline-alkali land, and water conservancy measures such as ditch digging and drainage, irrigation and alkali pressing are essential, and it is also very important to choose salt-tolerant and alkali-tolerant varieties, which is the main direction of saline-alkali land improvement in recent years. The mode of "feeding grain and fish" in the northwest plain of Shandong Province is relatively successful. The degree of salinization is different, the development difficulty is very different, and the quality of cultivated land is also different. Generally, mild and moderate salinization can be improved into high-quality cultivated land, while the improvement of severe salinization takes a long time and investment. The direct development of cultivated land needs a lot of investment, and the quality is difficult to guarantee. Generally, it is first developed into gardens and grasslands.

2. 1.3 Reclamation of reed land and tidal flat

According to the investigation results of the reserve resources of cultivated land in the whole province, the reed fields and beaches that can be used as the reserve resources of cultivated land in the whole province are 10 16739.5 mu, accounting for 13.4% of the total reserve resources, and most of them are easily reclaimed reserve resources. Reed land and beach have flat topography and good soil properties. As long as some engineering measures are taken, they can generally be improved into high-quality cultivated land. Reed land and tidal flat are important carriers of surface biodiversity and landscape diversity, and have important ecological value. In recent years, the international call for protecting beaches and wetlands is getting higher and higher. Therefore, we must be cautious about the development of reclaimed reed land and tidal flat, and make corresponding environmental impact assessment in advance.

2. 1.4 Reclaimed waste land occupation

According to the survey, there are 842,056.7 mu of reclaimed wasteland in the whole province, the main types of which are waste brick kilns, village relocation wasteland and industrial and mining wasteland, which are widely distributed in the whole province.

The reclamation conditions of reclaimed wasteland are closely related to factors such as the thickness of surface deposits, the content of harmful substances, the damage degree of cultivated layer and the source of covering soil. Judging from the situation in the whole province, the degree of harm caused by the occupation of abandoned land is relatively light. Like most brick kilns, only a certain thickness of raw soil layer is used in production, so as long as the raw soil is deeply turned over, the original cultivated layer is returned to the field and a large amount of organic fertilizer is applied, it can generally be reclaimed into high-yield and high-quality cultivated land.

2. 1.5 Reclamation of subsided land

The subsidence area that can be used as reserve resources of cultivated land in the whole province is 2444 16.2 mu, accounting for 3.2% of all reserve resources of cultivated land, and it is concentrated in coal mining subsidence areas such as Zaozhuang and Jining. There are many restrictive factors in the reclamation of subsided land, and the situation is complicated. Some of them are still not calm. The water in the area with serious subsidence is so deep that it is difficult to completely reclaim it into cultivated land. Moreover, the amount of reclamation is large and the technical requirements are high, and individuals and general organizations are unable to reclaim. The principle of comprehensive development and rational utilization should be adhered to in the reclamation of subsided land, and reclamation should be followed by forest and fishing. It is not appropriate to overemphasize the rate of land reclamation and the rate of land reclamation, and we can learn from the production modes of "Sangji fish pond" and "fruit fish pond". The subsidence areas are mainly distributed in plain areas, and before the subsidence, they were generally high-quality cultivated land. The reclamation of subsided land is not only an economic and technical problem, but also a serious social problem, which should be paid attention to.

2.2 Shandong Province cultivated land reserve resources development potential

According to the experience in the development of cultivated land reserve resources in recent years, according to the conservative figures that the development of easy-to-develop reserve resources will increase cultivated land by 65%, the development of easy-to-develop reserve resources will increase cultivated land by 60% and the development of difficult-to-develop reserve resources will increase cultivated land by 55%, and the total reserve resources development will increase cultivated land by about 4.7 million mu, including 3.4 million mu at the national level (Table 3).

Table 3 Estimated unit of cultivated land reserve resources development potential in Shandong Province: 10,000 mu.

3 Sustainable development and utilization strategy of cultivated land reserve resources

3. 1 Understanding of Several Basic Problems

3. 1. 1 On the Grain Production Target of Shandong Province

Grain production is different from other agricultural products, because it is the basic material to maintain human survival, which also makes it a strategic resource related to national security and social stability. Fundamentally speaking, protecting cultivated land means protecting grain production. Grain is different from other commodities, and its demand elasticity is low. After the demand reaches a certain level, it will not increase too much. Therefore, determining a reasonable grain production target is the premise of rational development and utilization of land resources, especially cultivated land resources.

At present, the national grain supply has escaped from the top, the grain price has remained low and stable, and the grain price in the international market is even lower than that in China. From this perspective, it seems unnecessary to overemphasize food production. However, China, as a big country with a population of nearly 654.38+0.3 billion, has a large grain demand base and a fragile agricultural foundation, especially the guarantee rate and ability of grain production are not high enough. Once a national natural disaster occurs, it will have a great impact on China's national security and the global food market. Secondly, China's current grain surplus is only structural, and it is also facing the problem of improving grain quality and enriching grain structure. As a developing country, it is unrealistic to import a large amount of grain with too much foreign exchange. Shandong Province is a populous province and a big agricultural province, and it is also a province with superior agricultural production conditions in China. Maintaining a certain grain output is the requirement of social and economic development and the performance of being responsible for the country. However, under the premise of agricultural industrialization and economic marketization, too much emphasis on grain production and even taking the whole province as a commodity grain base are not conducive to the economic development of the whole province.

3. 1.2 on agricultural marketization, rural industrial structure adjustment and reserve resources development

After China's entry into WTO, the process of agricultural marketization in China has been accelerated. As the frontier of reform and opening up, Shandong Province has also made many positive explorations in this regard, which can be reflected from the changes in the land use structure of our province in recent years.

On the issue of agricultural marketization, it is generally believed that China does not have a competitive advantage in the production of bulk agricultural products such as cereals in the international market, but it has advantages in the production of characteristic agricultural products such as vegetables, horticulture, fruits, livestock and poultry, Chinese herbal medicines and so on, which require more labor. These industries are the focus of future development, and the corresponding allocation of land resources should also be tilted towards these industries.

Another key point in the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is the adjustment of planting structure, that is, the transformation from the dual structure of grain (food) to the ternary structure of grain (food) and economy (feed), which has been widely recognized. In traditional grain production, rations are not separated from feed, and people eat food as feed, and feed production depends entirely on food production, which not only aggravates the shortage of food supply and demand structure, increases food pressure, but also restricts the development of feed industry, leading to the slow development of animal husbandry; It not only restricts the improvement of grain production efficiency, but also restricts the development of non-food and animal food. According to the research (Mei Fangquan, 200 1), the consumption and consumption structure of grain and food have changed significantly in recent 20 years. It is predicted that the per capita grain demand in 20 10 will be 400 ~ 420 kg, of which the ration is less than 200 kg; By 2030, the per capita grain demand will be 420 ~ 450kg, and the ration will be reduced to 140kg. 30% ~ 50% of the per capita grain demand will be used as feed, so the future increase will mainly be feed grain.

Feed includes not only a part of grain feed (such as corn), but also forage grass feed, and the latter has a broader prospect. According to the forecast of relevant state departments, the global production and consumption of green feed are increasing continuously. The international market buys grass powder100000 tons from China every year, and the sales price of high-quality alfalfa dry powder is 20% higher than that of corn. The domestic market maintains the current level of animal husbandry, and the annual demand gap of grass products reaches 45 million tons. Moreover, the grassland ecosystem is closer to the natural ecosystem, and its ecological significance is far greater than that of cultivated land. The production of forage grass mainly depends on forage grass. Of course, artificial forage grass can also be planted on cultivated land, which makes the boundary between cultivated land and forage grass tend to be blurred, and also challenges the traditional land classification system and cultivated land management and control model.

3. 1.3 on population urbanization and urban development

There has been a long-standing misunderstanding about population urbanization in China. In fact, towns, especially cities, are a highly intensive land use mode and a modern lifestyle. Population urbanization is an inevitable phenomenon accompanied by social and economic development. Taking Shandong Province as an example, the per capita residential land in rural areas exceeds 180 square meters, while the per capita land area in cities is less than 120 square meters. At present, the rural surplus labor force in Shandong Province is about 7 million to 8 million. Transferring a rural population to a city is equivalent to saving 60 square meters of construction land. If the urbanization process can be promoted through land consolidation and rural homestead circulation in time, there is great potential to reduce the occupation of construction land. This big article should be done well.

At present, governments at all levels have realized the importance of urbanization, and relevant promotion policies have been gradually introduced. The level of population urbanization in Shandong Province has reached 39%, exceeding the critical point of accelerating urbanization. It is conceivable that the next few years will be a period of accelerated urban development in Shandong Province. In view of the continuity of urban spatial distribution, urban development will inevitably occupy a large number of cultivated land, but at the same time it will also vacate a large number of rural residential land. Therefore, the consolidation and reclamation of rural residential areas is an important step to realize a virtuous cycle of land use and the focus of land management in the future.

3.2 Shandong Province's future land supply and demand balance control forecast 10

The key to land supply and demand is to solve the land use problem of agricultural land and residential construction land. The first is to ensure basic grain production, and the second is to control the scale of construction land.

(1) Agricultural land supply and demand forecast. According to the forecast results of relevant institutions and the population control target set by the Shandong provincial government, the total population of the whole province will reach about 95 million in 20 10, and the grain demand will be calculated at 400 kilograms per capita per year, thus achieving the goal of basic self-sufficiency in grain. * * * It needs to produce 38 billion kilograms of grain, and the grain output is calculated as 435 kilograms per mu. The grain planting area is 87.356 million mu, and the multiple cropping index is 65.438+. The total cultivated land area is1140,000 mu, which can fully meet the food demand.

(2) Prediction of residential land. It is predicted that the urbanization level of the whole province will reach about 50% in 20 10, with a total population of 95 million, including 47.5 million in urban and rural areas respectively. The per capita area of cities and towns is estimated to be 1 10 square meter, and * * * needs about 7.8 million mu of construction land, about 2.55 million mu more than at present; The per capita residential land in rural areas is calculated as 1.500 square meters, and * * the rural residential land is about1.8000 mu, which is about 7.5 million mu less than at present; The internal balance between the two reduces the residential land by 3-4.5 million mu.

(3) Other land use forecast. The existing forest land and garden area in Shandong Province is 34.95 million mu; There are 6.5438+0.485 million mu of afforestation land (5.085 million mu of barren hills and wasteland, 9.765 million mu of returning farmland to forests); Plus farmland forest network, forest-grain intercropping, weir development and surrounding trees * * * fold 1.605 million mu; The total forest coverage area can reach about 66 million mu; Together with the adjustable woodland and garden, the forest coverage rate can reach more than 28% around 20 10, exceeding the target of 25% set by the provincial government. With the completion of expressways between cities in the province, traffic construction will enter a relatively stable period, and the growth of traffic land will slow down.

Through the supply and demand analysis of several main land use modes, such as cultivated land, woodland, garden and residential land, it is shown that the existing land resources in Shandong Province can fully meet the needs of future social and economic development as long as they are used reasonably.

3.3 Shandong Province cultivated land reserve resources development sequence and strategy

3.3. 1 From the point of view of utilization means, reclamation is given priority to and prudent development is adopted.

Land reclamation is limited by the total amount of resources and is difficult to sustain. Land reclamation and consolidation is the fundamental means to realize the virtuous cycle and intensive use of land and ensure the sustainable use of land.

From the perspective of ecological benefits, the reserve resources of cultivated land are all unused land, and its current ecosystem is the closest to the natural ecosystem and has a high degree of stability. Their development will more or less destroy this natural ecological environment, such as reed fields, beaches, swamps, etc., which have important ecological value and should be carefully developed. However, most of the recoverable reserves are exposed to the surface, and some of them are in a state of stagnation. Rational development of them can protect soil and water and improve the environment. Considering comprehensively, the supplementary cultivated land in Shandong Province should be mainly reclaimed and developed cautiously.

3.3.2 From the perspective of utilization mode, woodland, garden and grassland are mainly developed in the near future, supplemented by cultivated land development.

The current situation of grain supply and demand is analyzed. The comparative income of cultivated land, especially grain production, is low, and farmers in some areas spontaneously turn it into woodland and garden. In this case, from the perspective of economic benefits, it is unreasonable to invest in developing cultivated land on a large scale. A more realistic choice is to invest a small amount of woodland, garden and grassland first, so that the input-output benefit will be higher and the ecological function will be stronger than that of cultivated land; At the same time, by planting fruits and pastures, soil can be improved, land quality can be improved, and a good foundation can be laid for future cultivated land development.

3.3.3 In terms of improvement methods, biological measures are given priority to, supplemented by engineering measures.

Ecological agriculture is the main direction of modern agriculture development, and it has strict requirements for ecological environment and production facilities. In the future, biological measures should be given priority in land development and soil improvement, especially in saline-alkali land development. In recent years, China has made great breakthroughs in the cultivation of salt-tolerant and alkali-tolerant varieties, which is very beneficial to the development of saline-alkali land. In addition, the recent experiment of planting rice and cotton in saline-alkali land has also achieved good results, and these experiences and measures should be fully popularized and utilized. It is necessary to plant drought-tolerant plants under the condition that some reserve resources of cultivated land with higher altitude lack water and irrigation conditions. Large-scale engineering measures have large investment, long cycle and great impact on the surrounding environment, which should be fully demonstrated. If biological measures can be used instead, try to use biological measures.

4. Policy and mechanism guarantee for the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources

4. 1 The development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources must be based on scientific planning.

As the leader of land management, planning is the main means of macro-control of land allocation and the basis of scientific and rational development and utilization of land resources. The development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources must be scientifically and reasonably planned and effectively managed.

The development and utilization planning of cultivated land reserve resources should be based on the overall land use planning and relevant laws, regulations and rules, and on the basis of full investigation and study, make overall plans and make clear the planning objectives. On the premise of ensuring the sustainable development of the province's social economy, we will realize the sustainable utilization of land resources and ensure the realization of the management goal of "occupation and compensation balance". Local and phased planning objectives must be integrated into the overall planning and long-term planning to avoid disunity and disharmony between the overall planning and special planning.

The development and utilization planning of cultivated land reserve resources must fully consider the ecological environment, comprehensively consider economic and social development, ecological environment protection, natural environment optimization, land resource demand and other factors. The focus of ecological protection in Shandong Province is the Yellow River Delta and some mountainous areas with deteriorating ecological conditions. When planning and developing the reserve resources of cultivated land in these places, we must attach great importance to it, study and demonstrate it repeatedly, and not make blind decisions.

Public participation consciousness should be strengthened in the development and utilization planning of cultivated land reserve resources. As a legal text, the plan for the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources should fully consider the positive and negative effects on economic and social development after the implementation of the plan. At the same time, it is necessary to introduce an effective supervision and restriction mechanism, investigate the leadership responsibility for the mistakes in land use planning and the lax implementation of mandatory contents in the planning, and establish a planning administrative responsibility investigation system to ensure the authority and seriousness of land use planning.

4.2 The development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources should constantly innovate the management and operation mechanism.

4.2. 1 Open up new ideas and reform the input mechanism for the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources.

The funds for land development and consolidation in Shandong Province are mainly invested by the government. With the rapid development of economic construction in the whole province, the contradiction between land supply and demand has changed, which requires speeding up the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources to ensure the demand for land resources for economic construction and social development. In this situation, it is not enough to rely solely on government investment. Therefore, we must boldly innovate, open up new ideas, and reform and improve the input mechanism of cultivated land reserve resources development. Many places have explored successful experiences in this regard. Dongying, located in the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province, is a region rich in cultivated land reserve resources. In recent years, we have adopted the practice of "borrowing chickens to lay eggs", introduced large foreign enterprises and consortia, and carried out centralized, contiguous, large-scale and industrialized comprehensive agricultural development, which has achieved good economic and social benefits. Therefore, we should actively formulate relevant policies and encourage and support various social forces and funds to participate in the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources in line with the principle that whoever invests will benefit. In areas with relatively small scale, less difficulty in development and faster income, joint-stock and cooperative systems can be tried out to encourage and support farmers' independent development. Areas with strong economic strength and rapid development can try out the lease contract system and venture capital system, and encourage enterprises, associations and other social forces to participate in investment and development. In areas where the economy is relatively developed and the reserve resources of cultivated land are insufficient, the development agency system in different places can be tried out, and the development of reserve resources of cultivated land can be strengthened by commercial investment.

4.2.2 Innovative mechanism to realize the industrialized operation of the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources.

For the development of large-scale concentrated contiguous arable land reserve resources, we must achieve high starting point planning and design, high standard and high quality construction, successful development and efficient utilization. Projects listed in the key areas of national land development and consolidation and trans-regional projects can adopt the bidding system. From planning and design, on-site construction to quality supervision and acceptance of results, an industrial chain will be formed, and large-scale and industrialized operation will be gradually realized, so that the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources can achieve the industrial operation purpose of high starting point planning, high standard design, high quality construction and high efficiency output. The relatively concentrated arable land reserve resources in the county can also concentrate manpower, material resources and financial resources to implement large-scale and industrialized management in areas where development is relatively difficult and can form a scale.

4.2.3 Overall consideration, realize the rational allocation of cultivated land reserve resources.

In the decision-making process of the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources, we should consciously obey and serve the adjustment of industrial structure within agriculture according to the requirements of local agricultural industrial structure adjustment, and realize the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, rather than simply planting food crops. Shuiwan Town, Wudi County, Binzhou City has formed a large-scale professional reed market, which radiates around several provinces. In the eastern mountainous area of Boshan District, Zibo City, farmers develop barren sand hills and wasteland to plant Chinese herbal medicines, and the income per mu is about 2,000 yuan, which is higher than that of planting food crops. Shen County, Liaocheng City, developed a kiln wasteland to plant high-efficiency fruit trees, and became a demonstration base for high-efficiency fruit trees planting in Shandong Agricultural University. There are many such examples in various places, which are worth learning and learning from.

4.2.4 Strengthen management to realize the sustainable utilization of cultivated land reserve resources.

Shandong Provincial Department of Land and Resources, as the competent government department, should improve the leadership, command and dispatch institutions and formulate a unified plan and implementation plan for the development and utilization of reserve resources in Shandong Province. City and county land and resources management departments should also improve the corresponding leadership, command and dispatch institutions, and formulate corresponding development and utilization plans and implementation plans. Further strengthen management, standardize operation and continuously improve management level. It is necessary to make full use of mature technical methods and means to digitize the results of this survey and evaluation, establish a basic data information system, realize digital management, and improve management level and work efficiency.

To sum up, the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources is a systematic project, a popular project that benefits the people and the people, and a sustainable project that ensures the coordinated development of economy, society, population, resources and environment. We must carefully analyze and study the contradiction between supply and demand of land resources in Shandong Province and the protection strategy, repeatedly demonstrate the opportunity and strategy for the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources, study and formulate the objectives and tasks for the development of cultivated land reserve resources, find a road for development and utilization suitable for China characteristics, and ensure the coordinated development of economy, society and ecological environment in Shandong Province.