Biography of Japanese historians

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Since ancient times, monarchs have been kings of destiny. Therefore, the emergence of kings depends largely on divination to determine their fate. This method was the most popular in the Zhou Dynasty, and it can still be seen in the Qin Dynasty. The choice of the court heir was entrusted to the fortune teller. As for the establishment of the diviner, it already existed at the beginning of the Han Dynasty.

Sima Yi, a native of Chu, once opened a museum in East Chang 'an.

Zhong Song was a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine and Jia Yi. One day, they went out to take a bath together on holiday, discussed the truth of teaching the former sage Wang while walking, and extensively studied the human feelings at that time, so they sighed relatively. Jia Yi said: "I heard that ancient saints, if not officials of the imperial court, would be among doctors and fortune tellers. So far, I've met the Sangong and the scholar-officials in North Korea, and their situation can be said to have been understood. Let's try the style of those fortune tellers! " Second, they went to the city in the same car and visited the divination restaurant. It has just rained, and there are few pedestrians on the road. Sima Yi sat inside with three or four disciples beside him. They are discussing the truth between heaven and earth, the movement of the sun and the moon, and inferring the origin of yin and yang. The two doctors politely asked for an audience, and Sima Yi looked at him as if he knew something. Meet each other with courtesy, and ask all the disciples to lead them to their seats. After sitting down, Sima Yi continued to talk about the previous words, analyzing the origin and termination of heaven and earth, the trajectory of the sun, the moon and the stars, and also participating in the relationship between benevolence and righteousness, stating good and bad omen, and said thousands of words, all of which were coherent and smooth.

Zhong Song and Jia Yi were very surprised and realized something. They adjusted their crowns and skirts and sat down respectfully. They said, "I have seen my husband's appearance and listened to his speech, but I have never seen him in private." Why should a master like you do such a nasty thing in such a humble industry? "

Sima Yi laughed and said, "From your appearance, you seem to be a Taoist. How can you say such mean things now? " How can the wording be so rude? What do you think of the sage? Who do you think is a nobleman? How can I put a dirty birthday on an old man's head? "

The two doctors said: "Noble titles and generous salaries are considered noble by the world, and only talented people can occupy high positions. Mr. Wang is not in that position today, so he is humble. Words can't be trusted, actions can't be real, and access can be reasonable, so it's a dirty birthday. Fortune tellers are despised by the world. Everyone in the world says:' fortune tellers like to exaggerate grotesque words to cater to people's wishes and falsely raise others' lives to please people. Talking about disasters makes people sad, cheating people out of their money in the name of ghosts and gods, and asking for generous thanks to satisfy themselves. This is all what we think is shameful. "

Sima Yi said in a hurry, "Settle down for the time being! Have you two seen the boy who was sent? The sun and the moon shine on him, and he goes, but if he doesn't, he stops. Ask him about the defects of the sun and the moon, good or bad, and he can't give a rational answer. From this point of view, there are really too few people who can know the difference between good and bad.

"The behavior of a' saint' is to make honest advice with straightforward words. If you don't accept persuasion for three times, you will retire. He praises others, doesn't want others' return, hates others, doesn't care about others' resentment, and only takes the convenience of the public as a top priority, so he won't take office if he doesn't want to be an official, and he won't get paid if his work is not worthy. People who see evil intentions don't respect him even if he is in a high position; People who see tainted behavior, although in high positions, are unwilling to be inferior to them; Therefore, for an official, I feel that I am not satisfied with getting it, and I don't feel sorry for throwing it away. If it weren't for his sin, he wouldn't be ashamed despite repeated humiliation.

"Now you said the saints, are enough to make people feel shameful. They are very self-abased, striving for progress, saying excessive compliments, using power to attract each other, using interests to induce each other, and intimately rejecting gentlemen, in order to demand respect for their reputation, enjoy public salaries, engage in private interests, and abolish the law of fishing and hunting poor peasants; What is the difference between treating official positions as power, using the law as a tool, pursuing self-interest and committing violent acts, and white-edged robbery? When they begin to try to be officials, they will redouble their efforts to falsify their skills, skillfully arrange false contributions, and fabricate false achievements to deceive the Lord, so that they can get ahead and even get promoted. They won't let real sages state their achievements in the examiner's further research. At first glance, they will polish them into reality, turn what is not into something, and turn what is less into more, so as to help the country gain glory and status. What's the difference between people who eat and drink, dogs and horses are inferior, who come everywhere, leave their relatives behind, violate the law and harm the people and waste public funds? Don't use bows and knives, just attack people. How can a person who deceives his parents without being convicted and kills the monarch without being punished be considered a master and a talent? " Thieves can't be banned, barbarians can't affect the collection, the rise of immorality can't be contained, the public eating elk can't be properly handled, and the administrative measures can't match the seasons. In the valley, there is no harvest and food can't be dispatched. A talented person does not come out to do things, but gets an official position and enjoys the salary of the Lord, which hinders the route of a true saint. This is disloyalty. This is called stealing. It's hypocrisy to use people with connections and treat rich people with courtesy. Haven't you ever seen an owl and a phoenix fly? Lan Zhi, Xiong Qiong and other herbs were abandoned in the wilderness, while Artemisia sphaerocephala weeds grew like dense forests, which made this gentleman retreat. That's what the ruling princes do!

"Words without deeds are the original intention of ancient gentlemen. Today's fortune-teller must follow the principle of heaven and earth, and the next fortune-teller must decide the divination, turn the table and straighten up with the change of four seasons and the principle of benevolence and righteousness, so as to talk about the interests between heaven and earth and the success or failure of things. In the past, when the first king laid down the country, he had to fix the sun and the moon with turtles first, and then govern the state affairs on behalf of heaven. Ask about the date and time before you dare to move into your new house. You are lucky to have a son, and then you dare to get pregnant. From the gossip painted by Fu, it evolved into three hundred and eighty-four, and then the world was ruled. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, imitated the gossip of Wen Wang, and finally defeated the enemy and dominated the world. From this perspective, what is the burden of divination?

"Besides, diviners must clean up and sit down, straighten their crowns and talk about things. This is a sign of politeness. Their words can make ghosts and gods get sacrifices, loyal ministers serve his Lord, dutiful sons can support his parents, and loving fathers can support his children. This is a manifestation of virtue. As long as you can spend nearly a hundred dollars, the sick person may be cured, the dying person may be born, the trouble may be avoided, the career may be successful, and the daughter-in-law may be saved. Such merit is only worth hundreds of copper coins! This is what Lao Tzu said,' The noblest virtue is like no virtue. Nowadays, fortune tellers are giving benefits to the NPC, but they get nothing in return. What's the difference between what I said and this situation?

"Zhuangzi said:' A gentleman has no worries about hunger and cold inside, and no worries about robbery outside. Respect when you are in the upper position and do no harm when you are in the lower position. This is the way of a gentleman! In the present fortune teller profession, it is impossible to store things that have been abandoned and are not practical. If you want to collect things, you don't need to use treasures. There is no need to use heavy vehicles when moving. They travel around the world without much equipment, but they can use it as long as they rest and they can use it until they die. When there is no end, they hold inexhaustible things. Travel in the endless world, although the trip to Zhuangzi may not add anything to them. Why can't you say divination? There are deficiencies in the northwest, the stars move to the northwest, and there are deficiencies in the southeast. The sea is a pool. At noon, the sun will move westward, and when the moon reaches the full circle, it will tend to lose money, and the former king's path will sometimes be absent. Isn't it puzzling that you ask the fortune teller to be faithful?

"Have you ever seen a lobbyist? You must rely on such people to think and make plans. But they can't all make the king happy in one sentence. They must call him the first king. They must talk about ancient times, think about things, make plans, praise the success of the former king, and also talk about their own failures and shortcomings, so that the former king's heart is full of joy and fear, so as to achieve their expected goals. No one is talkative and good at exaggeration. However, if you want to become a strong country and be loyal to the Lord, you can't do it without it. Today's fortune tellers are all people who lead chaos and educate stupid people. How to let those stupid and confused people know the truth in a word? Therefore, I never get tired of listening to it.

"So the records don't walk with tired donkeys, and the phoenix doesn't live in groups with swallows and sparrows. In the same way, sages don't associate with unscrupulous people. Therefore, a gentleman lives in a humble and secret position, avoiding the public, hiding himself, avoiding the crowd, and carefully observing the principles of justice, human feelings and everything in the world, so as to eliminate all evils and show God's virtue of good life and help God raise mankind. He just wants to achieve more, and he doesn't want any respect or fame. You're just lip service people. How can you understand the truth of the old man? "

Zhong Song and Jia Yi were in a trance, as if they had lost something, with a blank face and pale face. Too depressed to speak. So I got up and left. Unable to walk, I can only get on the bus by myself when I go out, holding the railing and not lifting it, as if I can't breathe. Three days later, Zhong Song saw Jia Yi outside the temple gate, pulled him aside and sighed privately, saying, "The more secure you are in virtue, the more dangerous you are in power, and you will occupy an important position. It won't be long before you lose this body. The diviner's judgment was not accurate, and Feng was not deprived of polished rice when begging. If he can't find a job for the king, he will have no place to stand. It's too far away, just like the sky and the earth. That is, Lao Tzu said,' the anonymous person is the source of all things'! The world is so vast, everything is so prosperous, some are safe, some are dangerous, and I don't know where to live. How could you and I know in advance! The longer the traitor stays, the more stable he is. Although he is better than Zeng (Zhuang), he is no different! "

Later, Zhong Song went to Xiongnu and came back before he arrived. He was found guilty. Jia Yi became the teacher of Liang Huaiwang, who fell off his horse and died. Jia Yi took the blame and went on a hunger strike, and died of grief and resentment. These are people who only pay attention to the power of huabiao and lose their health and roots.

Tai Shigong said: The reason why ancient fortune tellers are not recorded is because there is no information found in the article. When I have Sima Ji, I will write him down and praise him.

Mr. Chu said: When I was a palace guard, I once visited Chang 'an, met the diviners and observed their daily life and footsteps. I acted by myself, dressed simply and neatly, a bit like a hillbilly, but with a gentlemanly demeanor. Look at their nature, they like women asking for help, their faces are solemn and cheerful, and they never grin. Since ancient times, sages have fled the secular society, some lived in Shui Ze and rejoiced, some lived among the people and remained silent, and some lived in seclusion and saved themselves. People like Sima Zhu Ji are wise men of Chu. They went to Chang 'an to study, familiarized themselves with the Book of Changes, and knew the techniques of Huangdi and Laozi. They have extensive and far-reaching knowledge. Looking at his conversation with two doctors and nobles, and quoting the ancient sages of the Ming Dynasty, we can know that they are not little people with shallow knowledge and ability. There are also some prophecies, which are famous for thousands of miles and are often everywhere. As the saying goes, "wealth is the first, and expensive is the second." When you gain a noble reputation, you must learn a skill to settle yourself. " Huang Zhi is a doctor and Chen Junfu is a woman, who is famous for her physiognomy. Zhong Zhang and Qu Chenghou of the State of Qi are famous all over the world for being good at stabbing with swords. The boss who stayed in the county town is famous for being good at raising pigs. The Chu family in Xingyang is famous for being a cow. There are many people who can do one thing, and they all have the demeanor of surpassing the world. How can they tell everything? So, he said, "This is not the right place. Even if you plant a tree, it will not grow. This is not his intention. Even if you teach, you won't achieve anything. " If a family wants to educate its children and grandchildren, it must first look at their sexual orientation. Their sexual orientation includes lifestyle, so we should educate and cultivate them according to their sexual orientation. Therefore, it is said: "Creating a model to educate your son is enough to observe the realm of scholars and give the only son a place to live. It can be called a saint."

When I was an assistant minister, I worked with a colleague who was appointed as an assistant minister by Taifu. He said: When I was filial to Emperor Wu, I once called a fortune teller and asked me if I could marry a bride one day. The five elements say yes, but Kanyu says no, the building is unlucky except for the home, and it is a great disaster when choosing a date, a minor disaster when choosing a calendar, good luck when calling it heaven, and a good deal when calling it Taiyi. Everyone thought they couldn't make a decision and reported the situation to the emperor. The emperor formulated and said, "The taboo of avoiding death and killing is based on five acts." Since then, everyone has adopted the five elements.