What cultural relics of Shang Dynasty were unearthed in Yin Ruins? What is the significance of archaeology in China?

The relics unearthed in Yin Ruins are very rich, with the largest number of pottery, more bronzes and jades, as well as stone tools, bone implements, horns, mussels and ivory vessels. Pottery is mainly the daily utensils of sand-mixed gray pottery, red pottery and argillaceous gray pottery and red pottery. Decorative patterns include rope pattern, circle pattern, chord pattern, triangle pattern and so on. There are Wei, Gui, Pot, Bean, Bottom Pot, Big Mouth Zun, Urn and so on. Carved white pottery, hard pottery and primitive porcelain were also unearthed.

White pottery is made of kaolin with thin, white and hard embryo. The shapes of pottery are reeds, beans, pots, vases, glutinous rice, big mouth statues and so on. Patterns include gluttony, gluttony, thunder, banana leaf, chest, string and so on. Most of the shapes and patterns are imitations of bronze. Pottery, imitation bronze ware and practical pottery used for burial are low temperature and simple to manufacture. Bronzes include Ding, Wei, Jue, Zhang, Zun, Zhang, Pan, Zhang, Hu, Zhang, Bu, Zhang, Yi and Dou. Decorative patterns are more complex and diverse, the main pattern is higher than the ground pattern, and the multi-layer pattern of leaf edge and animal head is adopted. Weapons include ge, spear, knife, graupel, arrow, etc. And a shovel for protection

Tools include axe, shovel, spade and chisel. There are horses and chariots, bows and two bells. Among them, the most famous are Simu Wuding, Fu Fangyi, Fu Haozun and Si Sizu Yu. Jade ritual vessels include Yan, Bi, Huan, Zhen, Huang, Gui, Zhang, Gui and Pan. Weapons and tools include spears, knives, axes, chisels, hoes, saws, shovels, cones, sickles and spinning wheels. In addition, there are decorations, works of art and so on. There are 755 jade articles unearthed from the tomb of the rich, including ritual vessels, weapons, tools and daily necessities, as well as jade figures, dragons, phoenixes and 27 kinds of jade carving animals, which shows the extremely high level of jade carving technology and polishing technology in the late Shang Dynasty. In addition, the three ivory cups unearthed from the tomb of the rich have complex patterns and fine carvings. The tiger-shaped stone chime unearthed from the tomb of Wuguan Village is 84 cm long, and the dragon-shaped stone chime unearthed from Xiaotun North is 88 cm long, with melodious music. It is the earliest and most complete large-scale musical instrument in China.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions is mainly tortoise shells and animal bones for royal divination. Since the discovery of 1899, more than 50,000 pieces of Oracle bones150,000 pieces have been collected at home and abroad, among which several batches of Oracle bones unearthed by scientific excavation are rich in content, with clear stratigraphic relationship and high value. These Oracle bones are of great significance to the study of the social history of Shang Dynasty. The materials recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions pushed the credible history of China's written records to the Shang dynasty, and also produced a new discipline? Oracle Bone Inscriptions Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the earliest known systematic writing form in China and one of the four ancient Chinese characters in the world. It has pictographic, reference, comprehension, pictophonetic characters, phonetic notation, annotation, borrowing and other methods, which indicates that it has entered a mature stage.