If you travel back to ancient times, how can you take the imperial examination?

First, the birth and development of the imperial examination system

1. Born in Sui Dynasty:

(1) Emperor Wendi of Sui began to select officials by subject examination.

In fact, the subject examination at this time basically followed the characteristics of the inspection in the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wendi of Sui asked local officials to recommend them according to two subjects, namely, "respecting honesty", "being honest" and "helping the poor". Essentially still belongs to? A compliment? Even the examination standards are very similar to those of the tea bureau.

Yang Di established the Jinshi branch, and the imperial examination system in China was formally born.

Although the Jinshi branch was first established in the Sui and Yang Dynasties, there was no historical data about the Jinshi branch in the relevant textual research of the Sui Dynasty, and it was only in the Tang Dynasty that it received special attention. In the Tang Dynasty, both Jinshi and Mingjing were the subjects of the examination. Ming Jing mainly studied Confucian classics and practical countermeasures, and Jinshi not only studied Confucian classics and practical countermeasures, but also studied poetry and prose. It can be seen that in ancient times, we should not only master Confucian classics, but also recite poems and give fu, and we should also be able to put forward certain opinions on state affairs, so we are well-deserved all-rounders.

2. Perfect Tang Dynasty:

(1) Emperor Taizong expanded the scale of Chinese studies, expanded the learning museum, increased the number of students, and increased the examination subjects: Mingjing.

(2) Wu Zetian opened the palace examination and added martial arts.

(3) Tang Xuanzong took poetry and fu as the main contents of the imperial examination.

In fact, there were many examination subjects in the Tang Dynasty. Permanent themes include scholar, Ming Jing, strategist, Jinshi, First History, Third History, Kai, and Tao Ju. In the Tang dynasty, the requirements for scholars were particularly high. As a result, scholars rarely take the test of scholars, and soon the scholar subject was abolished. On the contrary, Ming Jing and Jinshi attracted many candidates and became the main subjects. Wu Ju was established during the period of Wu Zetian, including long-range shooting, horseback shooting, step shooting, flat shooting, barrel shooting, janjawid, wrestling and weightlifting. During the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty was unprecedented. Kaiyuan Shi Sheng? At this time, the imperial examination took poetry as the main examination content, which also reflected the decisive role of economic base on superstructure. When the people were relatively rich, the literati didn't have so many feelings of worrying about the country and the people, and it was based on this that the poems and songs in the Tang Dynasty reached their peak accordingly.

3. The Song Dynasty continued to develop.

The imperial examination system in Song Dynasty developed further than that in Tang Dynasty. The examination is divided into three levels: after having obtained the provincial examination and palace examination. The court exam became customized. The examination method is named. These examination methods pay more attention to the fairness and justice of the examination, and also provide good institutional conditions for the smooth development of the imperial examination.

4. The Ming Dynasty developed to Ding Feng:

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu annotated The Analects of Confucius, and selected two books from The Book of Rites, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean, which were annotated in different chapters. Together with Mencius, they are collectively called "Notes on Reading Four Books and Sentences" as introductory reading materials for beginners of Confucianism. Four books? Known as. ? Five classics? Starting from the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established imperial academy and Dr. Wu Jing, and the theory of the Five Classics came into being. The Five Classics of Han Dynasty include Zhouyi, Shangshu, Shijing, Yili and Chunqiu. Later, the Book of Rites was used instead of the Book of Rites, and Zuo Zhuan was incorporated into the Spring and Autumn Annals, still the Five Classics.

In the Ming dynasty, stereotyped writing was used to select scholars, and the imperial examination was only allowed to give questions within the scope of the four books and five classics. Candidates are only allowed to answer questions according to the specified point of view, and are not allowed to give full play to their personal views. Eight-part essay refers to the eight parts of the article, with a fixed style, which consists of eight parts: breaking the topic, receiving the topic, opening the lecture, entering the topic, starting the share, middle share, post-share and binding share.

In this way, the imperial examination is limited to four books and five classics in content and eight-part essay in form. With the development of the Ming Dynasty, it reached its peak and opened a curtain. After thousands of years of development, Confucianism also has the comprehensive characteristics of absorbing the strengths of various schools. In the process of the gradual development of history, many contents have long been out of keeping with the needs of the times, so they will inevitably face the fate of being abolished.

5. Abolish:

1905 (thirty-one year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty), the Qing government drew up the constitution of music learning, established a new academic system, and officially abolished the imperial examination system.

The process of imperial examination

From the table, we can see that in ancient times, it really took many years to study hard at a cold window, so for many poor children, reading has actually become the most ideal way to enter the official career and realize the ideal revenge of governing the country and leveling the world. While understanding the examination process, we also need to have some basic knowledge of ancient culture, such as the chronology of cadres and branches. About the ancient chronology and timing, we will introduce it in detail in the next article "Chronology and Timing of Heaven and Earth"!

Test practice

The following statement about the ancient imperial examinations in China is incorrect:

A. Combining the Three Principles means getting the test answer and meeting Yuan and the champion in turn.

B. There are three grades for admission to the Palace Examination, three of which are from Grade One. Jinshi and? Title of

C. being the top scholar is related to the imperial examination.

D. From low to high, the top three before the palace examination are the second, the flower exploration and the champion.

Answer d

An analysis of the imperial examination as the highest part of the imperial examination. It started in the Tang Dynasty and was created by Wu Zetian in Luocheng Temple of Wei Zi Palace, the capital of God. Who are the top three in the court exam? Sandingjia? Among them, the first place is the champion, the second place is the No.2, and the third place is the flower exploration. Therefore, the D option is wrong, and the answer to this question is D.

Extended item A: three yuan in a row, which means the first in the provincial examination, the first in the general examination and the first in the senior high school entrance examination. After having obtained the provincial examination, the first place was Xie Yuan, the first place in the senior high school entrance examination was Hui Yuan, and the first place in palace examination was the champion. Feng Menglong's Warning, Volume 18. Therefore, item A is correct.

Item B: The top three in palace examination are champions, champions, champions, champions? Jinshi and? Also known as? Sandingjia? . How many people, accounting for one-third of the applicants, said? Jinshi origin? The first place in dimethyl was handed down. There are several people in the top three, accounting for two-thirds of the applicants. Finally, the filling clerk fills in the form and issues it. Therefore, item B is correct.