What are the traditional festivals in China?

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New Year's Eve is a traditional festival of 56 ethnic groups in China.

"New Year's Eve" is called "New Year's Eve" and is the last day of the Lunar New Year. This is the biggest traditional festival of Zhuang nationality in Nanning. At the beginning of the month, we began to make all kinds of preparations for the New Year. On the 30th, every household was busy cleaning the quadrangle, changing clothes, killing chickens, fishing, frying oil tofu, making zongzi and steaming rice cakes. Before dinner, every household should offer sacrifices such as pork, chicken, wine and rice to worship the ancestors' gods. Then burn paper money and set off firecrackers. After the sacrifice, we began to have a reunion dinner. The dishes are rich, and everyone drinks heartily to repay the hardships and family happiness of the year, and the dishes of this meal should be kept to show that there is more than one year.

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

The Spring Festival begins in the early morning of the first day of the month and lasts until the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day, with the first day to the fifth day being the most lively. Early in the morning, families are competing to set off fireworks and firecrackers to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. At dawn, women rushed to the well by the river to "grab new water", and the first one to pick up new water was the lucky one. Women use "fresh water" to cook glutinous rice balls with ginger juice, first offering sacrifices to ancestors and then eating them by the whole family. We don't visit each other on the first day of the first month. After breakfast, teenagers dress up and invite their peers and friends to participate in various recreational activities nearby. In the past, Nanning also held a ceremony to celebrate the Spring Festival. "Fuzhou County is decorated with colorful pavilions, and local scalpers are arranged to celebrate the Spring Festival in the eastern suburbs"; "The ceremony is very prosperous, and men, women and children are competing to watch it within 20 miles from the county seat. It is very lively." The habit of dancing lions, dragons and spring cows is also popular in rural areas. The lion dance team walked through the village, gongs and drums were loud, and firecrackers were ringing; The children are happy to follow. Every time a lion comes to a house, the owner rewards it with a bag and congratulates each other. No killing on the first day, vegetarian for lunch and leftovers for dinner. Adults give their children lucky money. From the second day of junior high school, relatives began to communicate with each other to pay New Year greetings. The gifts they brought were mainly zongzi, rice cakes, pork and other things, which lasted for several days. The host family only accepts half of the gifts brought by visitors, and keeps half of them or puts them on new year's goods for them to take back. After the fifth day, the visits between relatives and friends to pay New Year greetings gradually decreased, and families began to plan the preparations for that year. On the Lantern Festival, every family kills chickens to prepare meat, worships ancestors, and prays for good weather, long life and prosperity of six livestock. The Spring Festival is over.

Chunshe holiday

Also known as "Baoyang Festival", it means "Spring Prayer". On the second day of February, all villages or clans jointly slaughtered pigs and sheep, and went to the country altar or the land temple to offer sacrifices to the country king or the land god, praying for the gods to bless the whole village for peace, good weather and prosperity of people and animals. In ancient times, there was a custom of "spring society, offering sacrifices to the land gods in urban and rural areas, and gathering young and old to drink and disperse happiness". Each family has one person to participate in the activities of the sacrificial society, usually male (that is, parents; If the father dies, the eldest son will attend. After the sacrifice, eat dinner in front of the social altar, or go home to worship the ancestors by distributing the offerings evenly to each household.

Kao Festival

Kaohua, also known as Huapo, is a goddess who is devoutly worshipped by the Zhuang people. Legend has it that the flower god specializes in human reproduction and is also the protector of children. Therefore, after the baby is born, there is a Kao goddess standing at the bedside of the bedroom, with a bunch of flowers picked from the wild or cut with red paper on it. Every first or fifteenth day, we should burn incense and worship; When the child is sick, worship him. February 29th of the lunar calendar is a big sacrifice. On this day, married women become sisters, kill chickens to worship the goddess Hua Po, and pray for children and their health. After the sacrifice, the women made rice noodles for dinner.

Qingming Festival

From Tomb-Sweeping Day to Grain Rain in March, families pay homage to ancestral graves and bring colorful glutinous rice, cooked meat, chicken, wine, paper money, incense sticks, firecrackers, paper, hoes and shovels. One day's sacrifice is not over, and the next day will come. If you come home late, you will offer sacrifices to the ancestral altar at home.

On March 3rd, the Zhuang people in Nalong and Ding Shuang townships had the traditional custom of holding temple fairs. Participants are all married women, who are usually spontaneously organized by villages or ethnic groups. This morning, women gathered in the temple with cooked pig heads, chickens, colored glutinous rice and people and horses cut out of paper to worship the gods and pray for blessing. Some also invite Taoist priests or wizards to dance, perform divination and perform duets. Come back for dinner at night. Sacrificial activities in temples generally last for one day, and some last for two or three days.

March 3 rd song festival

Many places hold song concerts. During the concert, men, women and children went to the hillside, lawn, threshing floor and tree near the village to exchange answers with folk songs. Songs come and go, and it's very lively. Folk songs have a wide range of contents, including love songs, hymns, agricultural songs, ancient songs and so on. The singers sang along according to the content of each other's songs, showing the wisdom and cleverness of the strong family. Most of the participants are unmarried young men and women. Everyone speaks with songs, knows friends with songs, chooses spouses with songs, and pours out their feelings with songs. Many young people or excellent singers found their Mr Right at the concert, and finally showed their love to each other by throwing hydrangeas. In some places, ancestors are worshipped on this day, and every family cooks colorful glutinous rice and prepares sacrifices to worship the mountain (that is, to sweep the grave) to commemorate their ancestors.

Fireworks Festival

On the second day of February every year, during the traditional festival of Zhuang nationality in Zhonghe Township, Yongning County, all villages send strong young men to form teams and gather in the fireworks field to compete for fireworks. Winning the village team means winning a good year for the village, which means good luck, happiness and harvest.

Dragon Boat Festival Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated on the fifth day of May. On this day, every family wrapped up cold jiaozi, set up sacrificial jars and worshipped their ancestors. People also go back to the wilderness to insert wormwood into the portal, drink calamus realgar wine, and women make five-color sachets to ward off evil spirits; Or take a hundred herbs and bathe in water to prevent diseases. Near the river, dragon boat races are still held, and this situation continues to this day.

Taste new festivals

The sixth day of June is the birthday of the land god, so we should sacrifice meat to the land god for the sake of village peace, good weather and abundant crops. This is a sunny day. If it is sunny, it is a sign of a good year. People also expose their clothes to the sun to prevent moths and mildew. Farmers also designated June 6th as a festival to taste new rice. On this day, they will offer sacrifices and prepare incense sticks to worship Tianzu and pray for a good year, calling Tianzu the Heavenly Duck. Paper flags were planted everywhere in the field to drive away pests.

Ghosts'Festival

Mid-Autumn Festival is a festival dedicated to ancestors, also known as "Ghost Festival". On July 13 and 14, every household killed ducks to prepare meat, cut paper into ghosts such as boats, shoes, clothes, people, horses and money, and offered sacrifices to the dead for shelter. Married women bring sacrifices back to their parents' homes. The rituals and customs of Mid-Autumn Festival are still the same today. People no longer believe in ghosts and gods, but only express their commemoration of the dead through sacrifices.

Mid-Autumn Festival

On August 15, women are busy grinding rice and making cakes (in the old days, glutinous rice flour was cooked, mixed with yellow sugar, and then compacted into cakes in a wooden mold; It is very common to buy moon cakes in the market now. ) feed each other; And buy pork, kill chickens, eat fruits, and have a family reunion in the evening with Yue Bai. The children lit a handful of incense, put it in grapefruit peel, put moon cakes in the middle, hung it on poles, and ran after the village lane in groups of three and five, having as much fun as possible and entertaining the moon god.

Double Ninth Festival

In the past, Zhuang people in the suburbs had the habit of Double Ninth Festival. On the ninth day of September, families set up sacrifices to the ancestors, and then the whole family had a dinner to honor the elderly. On that day, some places still have the custom of offering sacrifices to sweep graves. For example, in Wulian Village, Ding Shuang, Zhuang people go out to offer sacrifices in the early morning.

October is the season when rice is harvested and put into storage during the Breeze Festival. In order to celebrate the harvest, treat the gods. On the tenth day of October (the time varies from place to place, and some are the seventh, tenth, eleventh or twelfth day), every household should kill chickens, raise fish and cook glutinous rice to sacrifice ancestors and gods.

Winter solstice festival

Winter solstice is a common festival of Zhuang nationality. On this day, all kinds of furniture are sacrificed to ancestors, and the whole family drinks to their heart's content, which is called "Eating Winter" or "Chinese New Year Festival". Others offered sacrifices to the ancestral temple.

Cooking festival

1February 23rd is the cooking festival. Legend has it that the Heaven Emperor sent the Kitchen God to the earth to take charge of fireworks and supervise people's behavior. Every Sunday, the Kitchen God returns to the sky to report on his work and the human situation. In order to please the Kitchen God and make him "speak well in heaven and have good luck tomorrow", people offer sacrifices to him and pray for the safety and happiness of his family. At that time, every family will kill a rooster as a sacrifice, and let the kitchen god be a guest and send it to heaven. On New Year's Eve, we will offer sacrifices to welcome the Kitchen God back. So, the dealer took advantage of the kitchen god to leave, and each family built a new kitchen and cleaned it. After the Cooking Festival, families began to prepare for the New Year.