Lu, an ancient country of Yin and Shang Dynasties, was an iron powder of Shang Dynasty, and rebelled at the end of Shang Dynasty. At the peak of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Lu Hou was king.

According to ancient records, Lu originated in the river basin, hence the name Jiang. The descendants of Jiang gradually divided into four clans, called "Siyue", and Lu was one of them. Tongzhi in Song Dynasty recorded: "Lu, after Emperor Yan, became a vassal in Yu and Xia, or contributed to Zuo Yu and was sealed in Lu." At least in the Xia dynasty, Lu was blocked and entered the Shang dynasty. Lu surrendered to Shang Dynasty and became a frontier service country in the west or northwest of Shang Dynasty. So where was the geographical position of Lu in Shang Dynasty? Oracle Bone Inscriptions recorded that "(going to work) means going to Dunlu". Dun, that is, cutting, (going to work, going to work, going to work) invading Lu, (going to work, going to work) In the northwest of Yin Shang Dynasty, Lu surrendered to Shang Dynasty, so it was invaded by nearby enemy countries. Then Lu should also be in the northwest of Yin and Shang Dynasties. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a city in the State of Jin, which was the fief of Doctor Lu's nephew. The ancient ruins are located in the area south of huozhou city, Shanxi Province today, belonging to the Fenshui River basin, which was an important entrance to the northwest during the Yin and Shang Dynasties, and the Lu State of Shang Dynasty was probably here. However, it is also said that the State of Lu in Shang Dynasty originated from Luliang Mountain in Shanxi Province. In fact, they are not far apart, and it is not excluded that the early Lu tribe lived here. The original meaning of the words "Lu" and "Lu" in the Western Zhou Dynasty is generally believed to come from "human spine", which is an important part of human bones and the original meaning of "bow". When people bend their bows, their vertebrae stand out obviously, one by one, and the word "Lu" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is taken from this pictograph. Therefore, the implied meaning of "road" is "connected", such as the partner of "couple", the camp and military camp of "camp"; Alleys, hutongs, etc. "Lu" has closely connected and inseparable meanings. It is also said that "singing by two or more people" is the formal system of early rites and music. There are twelve methods of ancient music, which are divided into yin and yang. Where six odd numbers are Yang's laws, they are called "laws". Six even numbers are yin laws, which are called "Lu", which is what we usually call "Huang Zhong Da Lu". The origin of Lu may come from the early ritual and music system. If it is true, the Lu nationality should be a tribe that values rites and music and advocates etiquette culture. Ancient books include Lv Xing by Lv Hou in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Judging from the legislative and law-making thoughts of "Heaven and Virtue are in harmony, and Ming De is cautious about punishment" in Lv Xing, the descendants of Lu do have the legacy of the country where ancestors were polite and happy. Although there is no record of Lu's expedition to other countries for the Shang royal family, and there is no record of Lu's "Lu Shi" guarding the border in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, it is located in a key area on the northwest edge of the Shang Dynasty, with many strong enemies nearby and constant wars. Lu is in a long and cruel geopolitical struggle, which makes the national strength of Lu more and more frustrated and brave, and one side may not be able to fight alone. So in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the Party (those who go to work) and the Party (those who go to work) joined hands to crusade against Lu. In this war, Lu suffered a heavy blow, perhaps because the enemy came suddenly, and Lu did not have time to guard against it, nor did he have enough time to ask Shang Wang for help. As a result, Lu fell into the hands of the party (whoever goes to work). Lu is a subsidiary country of Shang, which has a large area of holy land and is one of the pillars of Shang's agricultural economy. When Lu was taken away by the enemy, Shang Zhouwang would definitely not leave it at that, so he made an Oracle: "Ding Haibu, the root is true: call Lu? Zhen: Not called Lu? " ""Wang said: Ji, take it. "This set of oracles means that Shang Zhouwang repeatedly asked whether it was time to recover Lu, and the result was revealed by God: good luck. So he sent troops to attack Lu and retaken the land from the party. Oracle Bone Inscriptions: Zhen: Lu is not worthy of his age. " This is Shang Zhouwang's concern about the climate and harvest of Lu. Oracle Bone Inscriptions: "Yu Lu, Wang Naitian, disaster is imminent." I went hunting in Lu's place myself, and everything went well. The inscription on Ding rubbings the Lu State of Shang Dynasty, so we can't determine the whereabouts of Lu State at the end of Shang Dynasty. However, combined with the conferment of Lu in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it is estimated that Lu, who had surrendered to the Shang Dynasty, saw the present situation, joined the Zhou family, participated in the cause of the prince of Wu, made great contributions, and was sealed again. As we all know, the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period was in Nanyang, Henan Province today. Was Nanyang the hometown of Lu in the Western Zhou Dynasty? According to various sporadic data analysis, it should not be. The party state of Lu in the Western Zhou Dynasty was renamed on the original site of Lu in the Shang Dynasty. "Guoyu. "Zheng Yu" records: "As the Zhou Dynasty, there were Shen and Lu in the south ..." Shenguo was divided into Shenguo in the west, Shenguo in the south and Shenguo in the east later. At the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Shen Bo, who led the dog into chaos in the Zhou Dynasty, was the Western Shen State, which was also named Jiang, guarding the western border of the Zhou Dynasty to prevent the invasion of Rong Di, so Shen Bo had the opportunity to let the dog Rong enter the customs. So are Shen Xi and Shen Nan two independent countries or are they caused by immigrants from the same country? The author thinks that the situation has changed since then. Lu's situation is similar to Shen's. All surnamed Jiang, all in the northwest. Most importantly, Shen Helu's head has been reused. In the period, Lv Hou wrote "Lu Punishment" for Zhou Wang, and Lv Hou was the chief scout at this time. The Law Order is an important code in the Western Zhou Dynasty and a relatively complete judicial system in the pre-Qin period, which is recorded in detail in the Book of History. In the 1970s, the bronze ware "Lv Guijiang" of the Western Zhou Dynasty was unearthed in Lingtai, Gansu Province, with the inscription "Lu Jiang as Gui", which was obviously a dowry. Lingtai was a secret country in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and this bronze can be used as a witness to the marriage between Lu and the secret country. Judging from the collection of Lu bronzes, Lu and Lu handed down from the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, Lv Hou was once king in the heyday of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Lu is a member of the Zhou royal family, and Lu Hou is the king, which must be approved by Zhou Wang. It can be seen that at that time, the national strength of Lu was once strong, so he had to rely on Lu to defend northern Xinjiang for him, so he made Lu Hou king. It is very likely that the rubbings of the Western Zhou Dynasty and Hu's inscriptions "Lu Guo" and "Shen Guo" moved to southern Xinjiang together after moving eastward, in order to continue the mission of repeatedly "exhibiting the Zhou Dynasty", but in different positions, so there is a saying in ancient books that "there is something in the south for the Zhou Dynasty". This is recorded in detail in Zuo Zhuan. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, Chu became more and more powerful. After the destruction of Shen and Deng, Lu was finally annexed by Chu in the Northern Expedition. However, Lu did not sacrifice himself. Like Shen Guo, it was moved eastward to the Huaihe River Basin. Since Shen Guo moved to Xinyang and Luoshan in Hubei Province, it has been called "Shen Dong" in history. Lu moved to Xincai County, Henan Province, and was called "Donglu" in history. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records that there is a big Luting Pavilion in Xincai. "Should be refers to the east lu. There is no evidence for the final outcome of the history of eastern Lu. After the state of Lu, there is Lu, which is an important source of Lu's surname. There are many celebrities in the Lu family, the most famous of which is Lu Shang, who helped the king of Wu attack Zhou and create Qi. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei Zhuanggong's wife, Lu Jiang, should also be a descendant of Lu, and she married Lu, indicating that Lu still existed at this time. Donglu may have finally entered the Warring States period before it was gradually eliminated by the times. Text/Guo Xiang, Yan Feng, an ancient country of Shang Dynasty, whose name comes from cultivated land, is basically related to this.