What kind of substance is mysterious psychological measurement?

There is a proverb in the temple of Delphi in ancient Greece-"Know yourself". We have always believed in and adhered to this creed, and gradually produced the original psychometric thought until the formation of modern psychometric theory and practice.

What is psychometrics? Psychological measurement is to determine a quantitative value for people's psychological characteristics and behaviors such as ability, personality and mental health according to certain psychological principles and techniques. In short, it is to express people's psychological state with numbers. Psychological measurement in a broad sense includes not only familiar psychological tests, but also measurements made through observation, interviews, questionnaires, experiments and psychophysical methods.

Generally, psychological measurement can be divided into ability test, intelligence test and personality test according to the function of the test. It can evaluate individual differences in learning or ability, personality characteristics, relative advantages and disadvantages. We can also infer the possibility of individual success in a certain field from individual differences, and psychological measurement can comprehensively describe individuals and explain their psychological characteristics and behaviors.

Scientific psychological measurement must undergo standardized tests and be recognized by most people in long-term use. Psychological tests must be conducted by well-trained professionals according to strict procedures, and the results should also be analyzed and reported reasonably by professionals. It can be seen that the credibility of most psychological tests circulating in the market is very low.

The role of psychological measurement In recent years, the role of psychological measurement in our lives has been paid more and more attention. In the field of human resources development, the results of psychological measurement can provide a basis for selecting talents objectively, comprehensively, scientifically and quantitatively. For example, if you choose an excellent preparatory Andhadhun, you can choose someone with outstanding timbre discrimination ability from the candidates through the timbre just perceptible difference scale. Because psychological measurement can predict whether individuals are suitable for certain activities, it can improve the efficiency and accuracy of talent selection. For example, after the pilot selection scale was formulated in 1942 in the United States, the elimination rate of pilots dropped from 65% to 36%.

In the diagnosis of clinical psychological disorders, psychological measurement is even more essential. Anxiety scale is used to measure whether people have anxiety, stress scale can be used to measure people's ability to bear stress, and special event scale is used to express the stress index that people are facing at present. Once the stress index exceeds the normal index, people need to use some special means to relieve stress. These scales not only provide subjects with a way to know themselves, but also warn them to pay attention to their mental health and avoid psychological obstacles.

At present, psychological test, as an auxiliary means of psychological consultation, is used more and more frequently. Psychological counseling requires a comprehensive understanding of visitors. These data not only come from visitors' self-reports, but also are collected through psychological tests, which also enables visitors to have a clear understanding of the problems they face.

Interestingly, psychological testing has also played a magical role in the judicial field. Whenever criminals are afraid of the consequences of their crimes and pretend to be crazy, psychological tests will surface to play their fair role as "judges", and criminals who think they are smart will inevitably show their true colors.

The history of psychological measurement has a long history. Confucius, a great educator in China, divided people into three categories-middle people, above middle people and below middle people, which is a comprehensive evaluation of people's intelligence and conduct. Liu Shao in the Three Kingdoms period divided people into sages, heroes, arrogance and introversion, which was more accurate than simply dividing them into introversion and extroversion.

Modern psychometrics originated in France. 65438-0904, the French Ministry of Education organized a committee to study the management methods of middle and lower classes in public schools, Binet.Alfred. Alfred is a member. At 1905, Binet.Alfred. Alfred and his assistant Simon published a paper entitled "A New Method for Diagnosing Children's Mental Disorders", in which Binet.Alfred, the world's first intelligence test, was taken. The introduction of Alfred-Simon scale has triggered the rise of psychometrics movement.

Modern psychological measurement involves almost all aspects of human psychology, including personality, temperament, emotional state, cognitive model, behavior and so on, and there are hundreds of corresponding scales. Many scales are internationally used. Before being translated into Chinese for domestic use, foreign scales need to go through complicated correction procedures to adapt to the special social and cultural background of China. After completing these calibration procedures, we can use the scale directly.

The economic backwardness of the abused "psychological test" makes the gap in the field of psychological measurement unprecedented. Binet.Alfred in the West. Alfred Simon's intelligence test was compiled 14 years before it flowed into China. The lack of personality test didn't change until People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded. We understand individual desires, and in the following decades, we were submerged in the wave of collectivism for a long time.

Finally, the ideological trend of personality liberation ushered in the spring of psychological testing. I picked up my mobile phone today, and there are countless contents about psychological tests. However, most of the psychological tests that occupy our sight are not scientific and rigorous. Some bizarre and even ridiculous so-called "psychological tests" are popular, but real formal professional psychological test clinics are rare.

In the field of personality testing, all kinds of symbolic stories are whimsical. When your thoughts and actions match, unexpected things happen. This test will even point out what kind of person you are without logic, and even point out what your fortune is today. Some psychometrics not only claim that the personality characteristics of the subjects can be measured, but even predict their family members as expected. A few fancy multiple-choice questions can predict the career and hobbies of future partners. It seems that all family problems, personality problems and interpersonal problems in life can be diagnosed through these rampant tests, which shows its magic, and at the same time, I have to admire the amazing imagination of those writers.

At first glance, these results seem accurate to you, and you will pay more attention to yourself in your later life. After matching the details of various clues, it is even more surprising to verify the magic of this test. As we all know, the concept of "if you believe, there is nothing" dominates you, and your own conviction has the effect of "hypnosis", so this absurd result has become your creed.

Is the "Tarot Card" divination credible? A few years ago, there was a wind of "tarot cards". At one time, the witch Crotti and her divination were very popular. Since then, constellation and personality, elf and personality, fate and tarot cards have become inseparable partners. It seems that everyone should seek the roots from his horoscope and the elvish animal sign, explore the most primitive state of his soul, and then choose how to travel, communicate, socialize and even work according to the fortune calculated by tarot cards this month. Undeniably, Crotti and His Divination is feasible as a basis, reference or entertainment, but if someone regards it as a life guide and lifestyle, it will be dangerous.

As for whether the horoscope and zodiac sign at birth have a certain relationship with personality, whether the blood type really affects people's personality, and whether the face can cut people's temper? These propositions need scientific investigation and experimental demonstration, and there is no complete and mature theory to explain these problems at present. Those widely circulated answers, even if some of them are the crystallization of human wisdom, are still just a guess.

Even if it is a standardized psychological test, we should critically regard it as a reference and a tool for us to know ourselves. There are fallacies and distortions in any tool, and there is no completely credible psychological test. The basic attitude towards any psychological measurement results, whether it is the client or the psychologist, is that psychological measurement is always an auxiliary tool for diagnosis, and it has only reference value and cannot be used as the basis for diagnosis.