The origin of hundred surnames

The first origin of the surname Si: it comes from the subordinate Siguai who specializes in divination under Shennong.

According to Yuan Ming Pao, the ancient monks blamed the Lord.

The Four Monsters is a priest who specializes in divining fate, explaining the present and predicting the future. Explaining ancient natural and social phenomena is a functional behavior of human beings.

Among the descendants of the Four Monsters, many people are called the Four Monsters, which have been passed down from generation to generation.

The second origin: from the minister of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period, whose descendant is Si.

According to the historical book Zuo Zhuan, there was a minister in the state of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. (See Zuo Zhuan? Ten years of "xianggong", Zuo zhuan? Fifteen years of xianggong); According to Tongzhi? The clan is short, and the ministers and descendants are the surname.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng's taxi driver was resourceful. In 563 BC, the Zheng Palace was in chaos and then fled. See Zuo Zhuan for details. Later generations took Si as their surname and passed it on from generation to generation. Many scholars believe that this is based on a person's name. This origin is clearly recorded and can be verified as the earliest origin of the company. Chen Si is the ancestor of Shi Si who can take the exam today.

The third origin: from the official position, from the officials of the two-week dynasty, it belongs to the provincial title and is simplified to the surname.

Minister is an official position established by Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is in charge of diplomacy, that is, Kim's diplomacy with other vassal States, just like diplomats today. (this? Secretary? For the official position, not the official minister in the previous article)

According to the history book Tongzhi? Brief introduction of genealogy:? During the Spring and Autumn Period, Hu Shu, a doctor of the Jin Dynasty, was appointed as a minister in Miao, founding the country. Later, the ancestral official was named as the surname, and it was called the minister's family. ?

Since then, the vassal States have followed suit, and the officials under the vassal States have become the norm every two weeks.

Among the descendants of Chen Si, many people take their ancestors' official titles as their surnames, which are called Chen Si's. Later, some provincial languages were simplified to single surnames of Shi Si and Chen Shi, and some people kept their compound surnames and passed them down from generation to generation.

The fourth origin: from the official position, Sima, an official from the Zhou Dynasty, belongs to the provincial title and is simplified to the surname.

Sima, an official position established in the Western Zhou Dynasty, was in charge of military and political affairs, taxation (logistics) and war. Just like the commander-in-chief in today's military system, the highest official was named Sima.

According to Shang You Ji, there was an earl named Guo Cheng named Cheng Bo in the Western Zhou Dynasty. By the time Cheng Bo divorced his father, he was already a Sima official of the Zhou royal family and was given an official by the Zhou Emperor.

Chu called Sima Zhi Lingyin, and later Fu called Yahweh.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, all the subordinate officers of a captain had Sima, who was in charge of military affairs. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there was an assistant official in the state and government, called Sima, who was in charge of military affairs and was also a relegated and idle official. Sima Yi said that it was always used in the Song Dynasty.

Among the descendants of Sima family, many people take the official title of their ancestors as their surnames, which is called Sima family. Later, some provincial languages were simplified to single surname Si surname and single surname Ma surname, and some people kept their compound surnames and passed them down from generation to generation.

The fifth origin: from the official position, from the official position of the two-week dynasty, it belongs to the simplification of surnames by provincial origin.

Shepherd, also known as Li Si, was an official post established by Zhou Gongdan in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. First, it is the autocratic government of the central dynasty and the chief executive in charge of justice and public security. He can even slaughter ministers according to law, just like the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Public Security today. Later, the vassal States above the count also set up a scout officer with the same function.

According to the history book:? During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a son named Ying, a descendant of Wei Sikou. ? Later, the famous Skuhai was a descendant of Gongziying.

By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the world was in chaos, the Zhou royal family was weak, and the vassal States surpassed the Zhou rites. During the Warring States period, even the small viscount country and Fangcheng without viscount imitated the official position of the Zhou Dynasty, didn't they? Small, dirty bird? Many small countries, which are only five miles apart, have also set up a full set of officials, and the Zhou royal family can't help it. False unknown? Just pretend you don't know.

Since then, bad habits have been rampant throughout the ages, with overlapping official systems and rampant institutions, which have spread to this day and become increasingly fierce. Xu Ling (A.D. 507-583), a famous parallel prose writer and politician under the Liang regime in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, pointed out sharply long ago? Better army and simpler management? Said, but he didn't work.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Scott was renamed Li Si, with an official rank of 2,000 stones. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Li Si was called a captain, which was used until the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

Among Scott's descendants, many people take the official titles of their ancestors as their surnames, which are called Scott's. Later, some people simplified the name of the province to a single surname, Si's and Kou's, and some people kept the compound surname and passed it down from generation to generation.

The sixth origin: from the official position, from the two-week dynasty, the official position is common, and the official title is simplified to the surname.

Sikong, also known as Si, was originally the chief executive of the central government in charge of construction projects during the two-week period, which was equivalent to today's construction and was under the jurisdiction of the Winter Government Department.

In the history book "Were Han Shu"? A hundred officials? Sikong notes:? Responsible for water and soil affairs. Where the city starts from the city, the ditch is dug, the grave is repaired, and it is built with benefit. The lessons of water and soil in the four directions are all rewards and punishments for hitting their temples at the end of the year. Everything in the suburbs, cleaning musical instruments? Where there is great doubt in the state, remonstrate it with Qiu. ? Han inherited the Qin system, and Qin followed the Zhou ceremony, which can be seen.

Among the descendants of Sikong, many people take their ancestors' official titles as their surnames, which are called Sikong's. Later, some people simplified the provincial language to a single surname, while others kept a compound surname and passed it on from generation to generation.

In addition, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Wu of Song was made a son (reigned from 765 BC to 748 BC), and later some people took the ancestral surname as their surname, and some people simplified it to a single surname.

The seventh origin: from the official position, from the official face of the two-week dynasty, it belongs to the simplification of surnames by provincial origin.

Sidejia was an official post established in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was a full-time inspector, evaluator and educator in charge of officials at all levels in various vassal States by the central dynasty. It has the right to ask the king for advice and strategies on employing people, but it has no real power to appoint or dismiss people. It is almost equivalent to the chief executive of the personnel bureau, procuratorate, supervision bureau, anti-corruption bureau and disciplinary Committee.

Due to the special role of the four virtues, there are few historical records. However, in the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang classified the four virtues into the category of Imperial History and renamed it Imperial History Supervisor. Only then did the world truly understand the power of the four virtues.

Most of the descendants of Side take the official title of their ancestors as their surnames, which is called Side's. Later, some of them were simplified to a single surname, Side's, and some kept the compound surname and passed it down from generation to generation.

The eighth origin: from the official position, from the official position of Song State in the Spring and Autumn Period, it belongs to the simplification of surnames by provincial titles.

Sigong, that is, Sikong, was the chief executive of the Song State in charge of construction projects during the Spring and Autumn Period.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Wu of Song called Zi Biankong, who was Shu Ren before he ascended the throne, so he was also called Zi Sikong (reigned from 765 BC to 748 BC). In order to avoid the anonymity of the former monarch, the son of the late Song Dynasty tried to change ordinary officials into Sigong, which resulted in Sigong's surname. Among his descendants, some were simplified to two unique surnames, Sigong and Gongshi, which were passed down from generation to generation.

The ninth origin: from the official point of view, it comes from Situ, an official of the Zhou Dynasty, and belongs to the provincial title simplified to surname.

Situ, also known as Tusi and Tusi, was an official post in ancient Tang Yao. When he was the leader of the Yanhuang tribe, Shun was Stuart, in charge and management of land affairs, so he was also called Tusi and Tusi, the highest official of Tusi's official department. From then on, some descendants of Shun Di took their official titles as surnames and were called Stuart's.

What did Si Tuleideng do in the bronze inscriptions in the early Western Zhou Dynasty? Stu? And then what? Stu? With what? Stuart. Also, together with Sima and Sikong? Sanyouji? .

Stuart is responsible for conscription and apprenticeship, as well as field farming and other labor. It is recorded in the cultural relic "He Ding":? Make you the birthplace of litigation? . There is a record in the cultural relic "Tiger Tiger":? Heap a pile of dirt into eight piles in a week? . There are records in the "exemption from service" of cultural relics:? For the teacher of soil, the teacher of drinking is also (garden), Lin □ Wu (danger), animal husbandry. ?

Sanyousi was an important minister of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and was imitated by vassal states and Qing Dafu below. Situ Guan is in charge of the national territory, and is responsible for dividing and supervising the boundaries of States, counties, counties, cities, fields and even vassal States, just like today's land resources.

Among the descendants of Si Tuleideng, many people take the official titles of their ancestors as their surnames, which are called Si Tuleideng's. Later, some people simplified the provincial language to a single surname, while others kept a compound surname and passed it down from generation to generation.

Division surname migration distribution

Si is an ancient surname with many nationalities and origins, ranking185th in the current surname list, with a population of about 590,000, accounting for 0.036% of the total population of China.

In the pre-Qin period, the clan members were distributed in Zheng (now Xinzheng, Henan), Jin (now Shanxi) and Wei (now Puyang, Henan). According to the research of surnames, Dunqiu County was the earliest center of reproduction and development of the ancient Si family.

The first official of the Si family who went down in history was the minister of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. Since then, the Si family has been hard to find in history books for a long time.

During the Han, Wei, Jin and Western Jin Dynasties, the Si family took Dunqiu County as the center of reproduction and development and has been scattered in the vast northern provinces.

From the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, some people in the Central Plains migrated to southern provinces such as Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang.

After the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the company's communication activities spread all over Hunan, Sichuan, Jiangxi and other places.

At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, part of Shi Si from Sichuan, Hunan and Hubei was introduced to Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi, and part of it came from Shi Si in East China to Fujian and Guangdong. And in this period and later, many surnames in China were simplified to single surnames in many provinces, while many surnames such as Sima, Situ and others were mostly changed to Si surnames, which realized the great development of Si surnames.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Si family, as one of the surnames of people who moved to Hongtong Sophora japonica, moved to Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. Since then, companies in Shaanxi, Henan and other places have made a living in northwest provinces such as Gansu and Ningxia.

From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, Huguang people filled Sichuan, Shandong people went to the northeast, Shanxi people went to Inner Mongolia, Henan people went to Shaanxi, and Fujian Cantonese people went to Taiwan Province Province, and other large-scale natural migration movements were widely distributed throughout the country.

Today, clan members are widely distributed all over the country, especially in the Huanghuai River Basin and the provinces in the Central Plains.

name of the company

Chen Si

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng Taxi, the leader of the nobles of the State of Zheng, had extraordinary wisdom. Because Zheng, Sijia is the son of the country? For Tian Yan? But the land was forcibly confiscated. In the winter of 563, Chen Si started an uprising with other four big noble, killing Xiangzi and robbing Zheng Boyi and Gong Bei. After the rebellion, the minister fled the state of Song. In the first 558 years, Zheng claimed the remnants, and Song Sicheng was placed in (now Surabaya, Shandong Province) because of his ingenuity and intention to rescue. Zi siqi All in Zuo Zhuan.

Fansi

Wei ren in the Three Kingdoms period. At the beginning, he was a subordinate of Huan Fan, a predecessor of Xinong, and was recommended by Huan Fan to be stationed at Pingchang Gate in Luoyang. See Wei lue for details.

Sichao

Si Chao (904-974), an adult in Ming and Yuan Dynasties, was a general at the end of the Five Dynasties and the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was a national defense ambassador, Zhou Shu Yingyong, who commanded the water army. He participated in many wars and made meritorious deeds. Comment on the History of Song Dynasty? Frequent campaigns to make it clear that Huaihai, its loyalty and courage, rate is acceptable? There is also a biography.

West Ju Jing

In the Yuan Dynasty, people in En County (now Pingyuan County, Shandong Province) lived a simple life and were called loyal and honest. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, it was Zou Yin. He is diligent and loves the people, and often goes to various places to inquire about people's feelings. The biggest difficulty for local county residents at that time was to transport the land tax to Jiaozhou for payment, which was a long way and difficult to travel back and forth. He wrote three letters to tengxian and finally got permission. Later, I learned that many people wanted to study, but there was no school, so he built a school palace, set up a school yard, and donated his books to the school palace. After he left office, the county people carved stones for him and praised his achievements.

Siyunde

In the word, Dong 'a people in Yuan Dynasty. Having lost her father since childhood, her mother is famous for her filial piety. He studied hard and was compiled by the Imperial National History Institute. Mother died at the edge of the land tomb, and there were more than a hundred cranes dancing in the sky. Later, Ruihe Pavilion was erected beside the tomb as a memorial.

West Fu Liang

Daizhou people, a respected scholar, were Confucian scholars in the Yuan Dynasty.

Siwujiao

The word is the first, the inner yellow race is eager to learn. During the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, it was the county magistrate of Chenggu. In the winter of 16 years, bandits invaded, and Si Wujiao advised the public to stick to it. After the city was broken, it was captured by thieves, who denounced thieves and bandits, preferring to die rather than surrender and being killed. There is a biography of Ming history.

Si shouqian

The word Yifu was born in Xuanhua, Ming Dynasty. Good at writing, very talented, working hard on words and writing thousands of words. Unfortunately, the poems have long been lost, but the masterpiece Xun Meng Pian Sentence has survived and become a classic of Mongolian studies.

Sijiujing

Word classics, Ningxia people. In the Qing dynasty, the official was the general of Xuanhua. He rode horses and fought all his life, conquered Sichuan, Yunnan, Saibei and Tibet, settled for the imperial court, and lived a hard military life, which was praised by people.

Director's age

Word Jingshan (1726-? ), Gong Sheng, a native of Shimei Village, Gaoping, was a scholar in Qing Dynasty. His ancestors were Yushi, and his father Si Jiujing was employed in Chen Wenzhen. Influenced by Confucianism since childhood, the director likes to forget the past. When I was a teenager, I was employed by Mr. Ding Cangheng, a famous man in Danyang. As an adult, he devoted himself to writing and never left the city for 20 years. At the end of Yongzheng, local officials recommended him to take an erudite and ambitious Ci exam, but he refused to try. His family is rich in books and knowledgeable, and Gaoping scholars worship him as their teacher. Hundreds of volumes have been compiled, including the essence of the eleventh history, the essence of ancient studies, the collection of literature, the collection of purple peaks and the collection of records. The county magistrate once hired him as the editor-in-chief of the county annals, but he declined politely because of his age. However, his Collection of Historical Records was mostly adopted by later chroniclers. Shen Shude, a celebrity in Gui 'an, shares the same interests with him. He is good at ancient prose and has deep connections. Shen Shude once lamented? I don't meet Changling, who knows who I am, and who knows Changling if Changling doesn't meet me? .

Si zengqin

Male, born in 196 1 year, master, senior accountant. 1981July. He used to be deputy chief accountant of Zaozhuang Electric Power Bureau, director of finance department, deputy chief accountant of Shandong Luneng Fuel Group Co., Ltd., chief accountant of Taian High-voltage Switch (Group) Factory, director of Shandong Luneng Taishan New Energy Co., Ltd., deputy general manager and chief accountant of Luneng Taishan Cable Co., Ltd., general manager and director of the board of directors of Luneng Taishan Cable Co., Ltd., and now he is the general manager and director of Shandong Xinneng Taishan Power Generation Co., Ltd.

Sihuiguo

Zi Geng,1June, 959, was born in Dalian, Liaoning. He has served as chairman of China Contemporary Hard Pen Calligraphers Association, vice chairman of China Hard Pen Calligraphers Association, director of the editorial board of China Encyclopedia of Painting and Calligraphy, and president of Oriental Painting and Calligraphy Art Research Institute.

Sizhongfeng

Division (19 16-2003) was born in Xixiadian Village, Zou County, Shandong Province. 1937 join the vanguard of national liberation in China. /kloc-joined the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army in 0/938, and joined the China * * * Production Party in the same year.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, he served as the political instructor of Shandong tengxian Self-Defense Force, the political instructor of the 4th Regiment Company directly under the Lunan Military Region, the deputy political instructor of the Sulu detachment battalion and the political commissar of the brigade, and the115th Division of the Eighth Route Army taught the political instructor of the 5th Regiment Battalion of the 2nd Brigade.

During the War of Liberation, he served as the deputy director of the political department of the 3rd Column 17 Regiment of East China Field Army, the director of the political department of 18 Regiment, the political commissar of the 8th Brigade 19 Regiment of Lunan Military Region, the political commissar of the 20th Regiment of the 7th Division of East China Field Army, and the 66th Division of the 22nd Army of the 3rd Field Army 196.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as director of the Political Department of the 22nd Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, director of the Political Department of the Air Force Bomber 10 Division, political commissar of the 6th Army of the Air Force and director of the Political Department of the Beijing Military Region.

1955 awarded the rank, 1964 promoted to the junior rank. Won the village-level medal of independence and freedom and the second-class liberation medal. 1In July, 988, China People's Liberation Army was awarded the first-class Red Star Meritorious Medal by the Central Military Commission. June 2003: 19 died of illness in Tangshan at the age of 87.

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