How did Europeans measure time in the Middle Ages? Are there any time units or instruments? thank you

In the Middle Ages, European timekeeping tools were primitive sundials, especially equatorial sundials, which were much more accurate than the original horizontal sundials. In addition, nobles generally use candles as indoor timing methods, draw even time lines and symbols on candles with black pigments, and observe the burning scale after the candles are lit (in China, people burn incense, but it didn't prevail until the Ming and Qing Dynasties). Some people try to use the stars as a means of timing at night. Later, the mistake was found unacceptable. It is better to go back to the house and continue to light candles, and the planet is even more unreliable. For example, Mars is notoriously elusive, and it was not until Heliocentrism was accepted that this phenomenon could be initially explained. After Galileo discovered the mystery of the pendulum, someone immediately tried to make clocks, so the era of accurate timing slowly began. Of course, the sea can't rely on a pendulum clock. People use sextant to observe the height of the sun during the day, and then compare it with compass, and even try to time it by Cassini Europa method for a period of time. Later, the British solved the key technical bottleneck of sea clock timing, and then there was no big problem. As for the hourglass, it is a means with short time limit and big error. It is ok to use it for desk appreciation, but it is really tragic.