How do disciples live a happy life at home?

To live a good life and get "the happiness of the present law", we must first have four kinds of feet:

First, "convenience and sufficiency" means trying to master knowledge and technology and engage in legitimate occupations that are beneficial and harmless to the people, such as farming, business, politics, paperwork, accounting, etc. Work hard and serve the family and society by labor, instead of making a living by selling money, drug trafficking, divination, aversion to prohibition and fraud. Tuoran Brahma "relies on the king to bully the Brahma, and relies on the Brahma to bully the king" (Chinese. Brahma sutra), corruption and extortion, illegal enrichment, greatly criticized by the Buddha. Diligence is the key to study, work, gain wealth and success. "If you work hard day and night, you will achieve anything" (Chang Ahan. Good regimen), laziness and slackness will inevitably decline.

The second "full protection" is to properly protect the property of the land, "so that kings, thieves, water and fire will not be robbed." ("Za Agama" Volume 4) When lending money to others, you must be cautious and know yourself and yourself. "Bullying a sudden person would rather beg than pay." "("China and Afghanistan. Indulge in debauchery, gambling and kabuki music, leading to property loss and poverty.

Third, "good knowledge is enough", that is, make friends with good teachers and friends, and do not associate with relaxed, bullying and dangerous villains. Long ahan The Buddhist sutra of "Good Life" tells young people to be good at life: being close to evil friends has the opportunity to cheat, like the screen, seduce his family, plot other things, be greedy for money and gain profits, which makes him make six mistakes and reduce his family's property day by day. Friends who drink, gamble, prostitute, sing and dance are all bad friends. Bad friends seem to be close, afraid, obedient, or often flattering, but in fact they have ulterior motives, either giving first, taking away later, watching less, or kissing for profit. If they are in danger, they will turn their faces and leave, and even throw them when they are down and out.

A good friend who should be close has four basic characteristics: first, he can correct mistakes immediately when he sees them; Second, kindness and generosity, seeing profit represents happiness, and seeing evil represents sadness; Third, help others, protect their weaknesses, and sincerely advise them in private; Fourth, colleagues, risk their lives for friends. Being close to such a good friend will benefit a lot. The Book of Songs says that there are four kinds of friends: flowers, scales, mountains and land.

"What is a flower? You can donate when you are good and when you are weak. When you see wealth, you abandon it when you are poor. It's a flower friend. What is scale? Things are important, things are light, and respect each other as guests. If not, it is slow, and it is also weighing friends. What is a mountain? For example, Jinshan is a collection of wild animals with feathers covered with light. Being a mountain friend can respect people and enjoy happiness. What is Rudy? The treasure of a hundred valleys is a friend of the earth. 」

Be good at knowing people and make more friends with mountain people and local people.

Fourth, "having a proper life" means being good at financial management, living within our means, and not earning less and earning more. If you don't earn much but spend a lot, regardless of the future, "everyone is called Youtan Bowl Flower, and there is no seed." If you accumulate wealth without using it, you will be a miser. "People will call you a fool, just like a hungry dog." ("Za Agama" Volume IV) The income should be divided into four parts: "One part is for food, one part is for farming, one part is for raising and storing, which can be distributed to businessmen in case of emergency, one part is for profit, five parts is for marrying, and six parts is for building houses" (Hanshu). Good health), such financial management will make money. According to Mahayana Sutra, one third of the income should be used for self-consumption, one third for alleviating loneliness and poverty, and one third for helping relatives and entertaining guests. Buddhist precepts in the Tathagata Mud Sutra: "A wise man stays at home, manages his family diligently, and gives four things for pleasure: one is to support his parents' wives, the other is to look after his guests' handmaiden, the third is to give alms to relatives and friends, and the fourth is to serve the king's gods and shamans. 」

The main problems in family life are dealing with all kinds of interpersonal relationships and fulfilling ethical responsibilities. According to the Brahmin religious etiquette, young students worship the Six Parties in the morning and are seen by the Buddha. They warned that this is not the six parties that should be served. The six parties that should be served should be: "Parents are in the east, teachers are in the south, wives and concubines are in the west, relatives are in the north, envoys are in the bottom, and Samans are in the top." "("Long Ahan. "Good Life Classics") and elaborated the guidelines for dealing with these six interpersonal relationships. The Buddha believes that both sides of these six kinds of interpersonal relationships have their own moral responsibilities, and should care for each other and do their respective duties.

As a child, you should "respect" your parents with five things: worship whatever you need, tell them everything, respect and obey, do what parents should do. Parents should "respect" their children with five things: discipline them not to do evil, that is, take the right path, love bone marrow, seek good marriage and provide for their needs.

As a disciple, we should "respect" the teacher with five things: give the waiter what he needs, treat him with courtesy, respect and support him, obey his teaching, and never forget what he has taught. Teachers should "respect" their disciples with five things: obey the law, teach them what they don't know, explain what they mean, teach them what they know and teach their good friends.

As a husband, you should "love and respect" your wife with five things: love, not carelessness, providing clothes and cosmetics, entrusting housework, "thinking of your wife and kissing her" (being kind to your wife's relatives). A wife respects her husband with five things: love and care, providing food and clothes, honesty, kindness and care, and being good at taking care of her family. In the Jade Girl Sutra, the Buddha taught * * * that women should be "mothers' wives", "sisters' wives", "knowledgeable women" who are good friends, or "women's wives" who are filial to their in-laws and good at housekeeping, and "maids' wives" who serve their husbands. Between clansmen, we should respect each other as guests with five things: giving, kind words, sharing interests, teaching mistakes, and helping each other in times of trouble.

As a host, you should "teach" your servant five things: just use it according to the amount, eat and drink at any time, comfort you at any time, be kind to him and give him a holiday. Servants should "serve" their masters with five things: getting up early, being careful, not taking things, being methodical and praising virtue. In the Mahayana Sutra, Buddhism guides the Bodhisattva and serves all sentient beings, such as the Lord.

Buddhists at home should "worship" monks such as Saman and Brahman with five things: kindness, respect, kind words, food supply and food encounter. Shamans and Brahmins should "teach" people at home with five things: don't do evil, instruct good deeds, teach good deeds, explain good deeds and dispel doubts.

Buddha also taught people how to make friends many times. For example, the Buddha in the Great Good Right Sutra said: "There are three aspects to friendship: first, turn to admonition when you see mistakes; When they saw good things, they were deeply happy; All three are bitter and don't give up. " Forty-one Buddhas in Volume Four said that relatives and friends should treat each other in seven ways: "Difficulties and abilities, difficulties and abilities, forbearance and forbearance, intimate things, not revealing each other, suffering and poverty. 」

Buddhists at home have due ethical responsibilities to everyone around them.

Mo Huogong, the younger brother of Buddhism exhortation in Za Agama: Youposai (a male layman in the family) should not only believe, observe precepts and give alms, but also persuade people to believe, observe precepts, give alms, get close to mages, listen to precepts and practice dharma according to law, so as to drive all living beings to be good and dharma. If a Buddhist disciple can live in peace with himself, he will have a strong cohesion among the people. "Wade shows his ignorance, like sun gear", and the light of Buddhism will radiate and illuminate the people.

At the Yu Jia Presbyterian Church in Tai Po Path, Buddhism enjoined the Bodhisattva at home to "tell everyone where to live: don't trust all sentient beings to persuade them to believe; Unfamiliar beings, ignorant of parents, shamans, brahmins, young and old, disobedient to teaching, fearless to avoid, urging filial piety; Smell less, advise to smell more; Those who are anxious to remonstrate, break the ban and remonstrate, are unwilling to be ninja, slack and persuade, think indiscriminately and persuade, and advise wisdom but not wisdom; The poor give money, the patients give medicine, there is no protection, no return, no dependence. " It is dereliction of duty not to persuade all beings in this way.

Jade knows the four truths, twelve karma and three dharma seals, and tends to get rid of nirvana from precepts and wisdom. Of course, it is also for Buddhist disciples at home to learn. There is not much difference between the Buddha's teaching of family and that of monks in this respect.

Rational society and ideal world

Sakyamuni not only pays attention to the ultimate concern of every sentient being, but also teaches people how to live a good life and even get self-liberation. He also attaches importance to the peace and happiness of the whole society and all mankind, and preaches on many occasions how to live a good social life, establish a reasonable society and realize an ideal lifestyle. Although Sakyamuni is not a politician whose duty is to govern the country and society, he is very concerned about social politics. It can be seen that his creative activities and hard education are out of a high sense of responsibility, trying to reform this unreasonable society full of oppression, struggle, poverty and evil.

Sakyamuni's social and political views are embodied in his appreciation of the country. Postscript Qin was then a * * * country. King Acheng of Mojeto wanted to conquer this country and sent his minister Yushe to the Buddha for advice. The Buddha did not directly answer the Jade House, but told the waiter Ananda: There are seven things in the country: first, people often get together to discuss business; Second, "the monarch and the minister are in harmony and respect each other from top to bottom"; Third, everyone abides by the law and does not violate the etiquette; Fourth, everyone is filial to parents and respects teachers; Fifth, worship religion and sacrifice ancestors; Sixth, sexual life is serious, pay attention to chastity, and don't be chaotic. "As for jokes, words are not as good as evil"; Seven, respect for the maintenance of shaman, respect for virtuous people. With these seven things, a country can prosper and will not be destroyed and conquered by other countries. Yu Shewen said goodbye and left.

The Buddha ordered Ananda to summon monks to explain to the public the ways to ensure that the monk community would not decline. First, he revealed the "seven non-retreating laws", that is, according to the "Postscript of Seven Things in the Country": first, "set the number to talk about righteousness"; Second, "harmony from top to bottom, respect never violates"; Third, "obey the law and avoid violating the system"; Fourth, those who respect things and have both ability and political integrity; 5. "Caring for the soul, putting filial piety first"; 6. "Pure Sanskrit, not following selfish desires"; Seven, "the ancestors are behind themselves, not greedy for fame and fortune." With these seven methods, people, old and young, can go smoothly, and the law cannot be violated. These seven principles are applicable to any family, group and society as rules for coordinating interpersonal relationships and living a good social life.

As the "French king", the Buddha also asked many kings and ministers how to govern the country by self-cultivation. For example, the Buddha's Classic of Love for the King lists ten kinds of faults, ten kinds of merits, five kinds of declining doors, five kinds of convenient doors, five kinds of lovely methods and five kinds of attractive and lovely methods. In the Buddhist book "Dharma, chanting", it is said that Wang Shan's governance can prove the 37 laws of Buddhism. "One more Agama. The Zen master said that if the king has achieved the ten laws of insatiable greed and not cherishing justice and principle, he can't live for a long time. If there are many thieves, he can't achieve wealth, he can't be angry and sad about trivial things, and he will live in the world for a long time. According to Buddhist scriptures, there are eight things that govern a country: following the teacher, leading the people to be filial, being humble, being kind, saving the nation, forgiving oneself and others, saving taxes and money, forgiving and cherishing the past, which can make you happy. According to ancient records, the Buddha has repeatedly discussed the politics and Taoism of the king's law. The depth, breadth and systematicness of his political thought are not under the political theory of China and Mencius, but its main idea is quite close to that of Mencius, with the following points:

1, to educate people, reward good and punish evil.

The so-called "rule by righteousness" and "order by law" (Chang 'a Hanwang Lun Jingxiu) mainly refer to the behavior and moral norms based on the theory of karma, that is, the so-called five precepts and ten virtues in Buddhism. Those in power should educate the people with ten virtues, reward the good and punish the evil, and let all citizens consciously do good deeds, which will naturally make the country prosperous and the people safe. Jin Guang Ming Jing is the best Wang Jing Jing. The Buddha said, "Let them all practice ten virtues, lead a prosperous land and enjoy national peace." . Murder, theft, fraud, adultery and other wicked people must be punished according to law. "If evil is not covered up, illegality will increase, which will increase the number of traitors in the kingdom. Corrupt officials who "seek personal gain regardless of the national economy, or anger public affairs because of personal gain, or bend the law to govern the country by accepting property", especially "thieves of the country", should be severely punished, and "punish them for robbing all living beings of superior quality." (The great Saxony qianzi said. Wang Lunpin ")

2. Hui Shi is equal and helps the poor.

It is said in "Forbidden Products Plus Agama" that the king should "always be kind to Hui and have fun with the people". Qi Jing in China says that "it is both profitable and average, so many people are attached to their loved ones". Hui Shi's subjects, equal distribution, low taxes and frugality, make people's lives rich, which is the fundamental guarantee of national stability emphasized by the Buddha. If the common people are poor and lack food and clothing, even with the rule of law, thieves cannot be eradicated. Quoting a political lesson from the past, the Buddha in China's "King's Sutra of Wheels" said: "Because of poverty, thieves become extremely greedy, and because thieves are rich, knife killings increase." At that time, the king severely punished thieves by beheading. So, thieves robbed with knives, cut down their owners and searched endlessly. Only by sympathizing with the poor and eliminating poverty can thieves be eradicated.

3. Be kind and love the people

The Buddha in Ben Qi Jing said that those in power should "be kind and forgive themselves, and be kind and benefit others". The qianzi Sutra of Great Saxony says that "Wang Zhi should raise people like a pure child, and it goes without saying that they should be pushed dry and wet" and should protect people like a loving mother. The Buddha advocated benevolent governance and opposed tyranny and harsh laws. Wang Jing's Han Shu of Chang 'an advocates that "swords, guns and clubs are not needed, but laws and regulations make people happy", while Great Saxony and qianzi Jing stipulate that the punishment for criminals should be admonished, confiscated property or fines, locked up and expelled. Instead of using the death penalty and cutting off eyes, ears, hands and feet.

4, know people and be good at their duties, and choose talents and abilities.

According to the Buddhist Scripture, the master of a country should be wise and cautious, know people well and be good at their duties, "be virtuous and capable, reward good and treacherous", and have no evil and false friends. Flattery minister, demon wife, unfilial son. However, people who are neither virtuous nor stupid and refined have their own uses and cannot be discarded, just as "although the utensils are poor, they cannot be discarded, and each has its own storage." Jin Guang Ming Jing Wang Lun said that flatterers should be punished, and the state leader "if friends flatter others, they will lose their position in the country." The Reading of the Classics of Righteousness and Law says that kings should "know people's likes and dislikes" and "do not raise them without reason", and rewards and punishments should be justified.

5. Politicians should pay attention to their self-cultivation.

The premise of successfully governing the world is to successfully govern yourself. As the saying goes, "if the king wants to manage people, he should manage himself first." In this respect, the Buddha's thought is quite consistent with China's theory of "sage inside and king outside". The Buddha believes that a good ruler should have a positive world outlook, compassion, wisdom, virtue and good health, "respect the elders and love the small, be filial and kind", "learn from the past and learn from the present, be flexible and reasonable when moving" (wait and see), not greedy for money, not stingy, not addicted to debauchery, not addicted to sleep, not lazy and slack, and peaceful and peaceful. (Jing Yi and Reading Classics)

A good ruler should have the moral and psychological qualities of an excellent monk, especially a bodhisattva walker. A good politician can set an example and lead the broad masses of people on the right path. "For example, if a cow walks, its way is upright, and all others follow. The nobility is guided, the rate is positive, the distance is low, and it is flat. " (Buddhist Sutra)

The Mahayana sutra says that a local snake bodhisattva can be a great king who can lead hundreds of millions of people to the right path, make the country prosperous, the people safe and the world peaceful.

Shi Zun has told people many times about his ideal human society. In the way of recalling fate, he said that there was such a society a long time ago and there will be such a society in the distant future. The symbol of the ideal world is the birth of the "wheel saint king" who unified the world. The best wheel saint king is the golden wheel saint king who has the treasure of nature's cash wheel. Long ahan In the past, when the Golden Wheel of the Holy King was born, "the rule of law" and "there is no need to fight, it is natural peace". St. Wang Cheng and his Golden Wheel treasure visited the four countries and saw that all countries are "rich and prosperous, benevolent and loyal". Life expectancy is as long as 80,000 years.

Later, society gradually degenerated, private property, poverty and war appeared in turn, ten evils gradually flooded the world, and life expectancy gradually shortened. 10 years old, when life was reduced to the shortest limit, a devastating "sword robbery" took place. After this bloody baptism, people began to turn over a new leaf. With the improvement of the world, life expectancy has gradually increased. At the age of 80 thousand, there was a wheel-wheel holy king and Maitreya Buddha At that time, "the wheel of the holy king ruled the country with integrity, without any injustice, and did ten good deeds." At that time, people also revised their views and had ten good deeds. The world is rich in grain, the people are thriving, the treasures are abundant, and there is nothing lacking. The natural scenery of the world has also become very beautiful:

"The land is flat, there are no thorns and pits, no mosquitoes, bees, scorpions, flies, fleas, snakes, evil insects, stones, sand and rubble. They naturally sink, and gold, silver and Baoyu are now on the ground. The four seasons are harmonious, neither cold nor hot. The land is soft and free of dust and dirt. ..... The ground is full of flowing springs, clean and inexhaustible, with soft grass growing and evergreen in winter and summer. Lush trees, lush flowers and fruits. ..... When you step on the ground, the ground is four inches concave, so you can lift your feet and kick back. ..... natural japonica rice, bran-free, full of flavor. Sometimes there are fragrant trees, and flowers and fruits flourish. When the fruit is ripe, it naturally cracks, emitting a natural fragrance and rich aroma. There are coat racks, ... solemn trees, ... tall trees, ... instrument trees, ... fruit trees, ... musical instrument trees ... The rain is full of water, nourishing Zhou Pu, without water stop or silt ... The air is fresh and there are no clouds. The sea is cool, clean and soft, and touching your body makes you happy ... "(Dragon Agama, Volume 18)

In short, it is an ideal world with rich material life, beautiful natural conditions, generally improved people's moral level, long life, clear politics and world peace. In the Buddha's view, such people are reasonable people and real people. The Buddha is full of confidence in the realization of the ideal world and confirms that it will definitely come. Realize the ideal world, solemn world, purify the world, "purify the Buddha land" and "solemn world" to make the whole universe a beautiful and solemn paradise, and let all beings enjoy bliss forever. The so-called "solemn place, happiness" is the ultimate ideal of the Buddha and his countless disciples. The Buddha pointed out that the ideal world and solemn land must be created by all living beings themselves.

The key to creation lies in the heart: the key to purifying the world lies in purifying the self-mind, which not only purifies the self-mind, but also drives all beings to purify their own hearts; The key to a solemn world lies in the solemn self-mind, such as blessing, wisdom and goodness, which not only purifies the self-mind, but also drives all living beings to purify their own hearts. All the teachings of the Buddha are "purifying the mind" and "solemn learning" with this as the purpose and content.