What is the glory of the pink empire?

Born as a woman and child, he commanded the three armed forces, fought in the south and fought in the north, opened up territory and established brilliant military achievements; You used to be the favorite wife of the son of heaven, but you were not buried in the tomb area after your death, but slept quietly beside the tomb for more than 3000 years. Fu Hao, the legendary life of a generation of queens, reappeared its former glory with the excavation of the curtain of Fu Hao in Yin Ruins.

Yin ruins reveal underground treasures

1928 archaeological excavation of Yin Ruins officially started. At that time, no one thought that this work continues today after 80 years! There are only a few mysterious businessmen left in the historical records, who have been quietly lying underground waiting for us. It is today's Anyang Yin Ruins.

A clearing in the northwest of Yin Ruins is the burial area of Shang princes and nobles. There are dozens of tombs and thousands of tombs buried with them, including four cliff-shaped tombs belonging to Shang kings, which symbolize the rule in all directions after death, and two or one bell-shaped and I-shaped tombs. However, all the graves were ransacked by grave robbers, and no one was spared. We can only imagine how the Shang king luxuriously decorated his mausoleum from the few beautiful and open cultural relics.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/975, the archaeological team cleared out several building bases on a hill in the northwest of Xiaotun Village. Surprisingly, after the foundation site of the building was excavated, the rammed earth under the building foundation continued underground without end. This strange phenomenon caught the attention of archaeologists, who decided to drill down with Luoyang shovel. The result of drilling is even more surprising. The rammed layer is 8 meters thick, but there is a cavity under it. Is it a grave? With anxiety, everyone carefully pulled the shovel and the soil sample on it to the ground. In the sunshine, the soil samples are shining with bright patent leather, accompanied by beautiful Yu Pei. This is really a grave!

Archaeological excavation of amazing figures

Surprise, the archaeological team officially began to dig this ancient tomb. The bottom of the tomb is 5.6m long, 4m wide and 8m deep. At that time, archaeologists did not have much hope for this vertical pit tomb, which was far away from the tomb area and covered an area of only over 20 square meters. Unexpectedly, a bigger surprise came again. Just a few meters away from the tomb door 1 m, a broken pottery cup was exposed. Jue was a wine vessel in the pre-Qin period. Someone joked, "Look, the celebration wine is ready for us."

The excavation went down 2 meters, and an inverted jade mortar covered with vermilion appeared in the northeast of the tomb pit, with bright colors. After that, relics emerged in an endless stream, especially in the filling layer 5.6 meters deep from the tomb door, a hill piled with funerary objects appeared. Among them, there are not only exquisite jade articles and bronzes, but also lifelike calves, cicada stone carvings, and even rare treasures such as red sea snail shells made of kudzu and big clam shells. After careful cleaning and statistics, more than 80 precious cultural relics were unearthed from this pile alone, and the funerary objects were buried in 6 floors from top to bottom.

It is very common for sapphire to sit in a chair and bury the funerary objects. It must have originated from the fact that when the deceased was buried, relatives and friends stood in front of the grave and wept bitterly, and reluctantly threw all kinds of objects prepared for the "long journey" of the deceased into the gradually filled grave, which later evolved into a burial ceremony. But the funerary objects buried in the fill are often much simpler than those hidden in the tomb, and the funerary objects in the fill of this tomb are so rich and exquisite that no one expected them.

When the cleaning work went to the tomb, the excavation and drainage were carried out at the same time because the working face was already below the groundwater level and the tomb was full of mud. The first thing that surfaced was a square top. Although it is still covered with mud, the gnashing man-eating monster cast on the tripod is still clearly visible. They are sacred animals that have guarded the mausoleum for 3 thousand years. This cauldron is the famous Simuxin generous cauldron in the future. Subsequently, triple copper enamel and so on have also surfaced! These large bronzes are not only precious cultural relics today, but also priceless national treasures of Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago.

When cleaning the tomb, the water at the bottom of the tomb was not knee deep, so archaeologists had to go into the water to get the funerary objects. The coffin was full of jade articles. At first, they were handed up one by one, but there were too many of them. Later, I simply put them in buckets and sent them up one by one. The huge bronze sacrificial vessel was tied with a rope, and several people, Qi Xin, pulled it carefully together. Until the waist pit and raw soil bottom at the bottom of the tomb were exposed, the excavation work was finally successfully completed.

Looking at the thousands of exquisite funerary objects that have been cleared up, the archaeologists who have been fighting for nearly a month can't help but burst into tears, and the excitement drives away the fatigue and excitement. There are many bronze weights, exquisite jade articles, and countless gems, ivory, bones, mussels and so on. The same is true of the tomb of princes. As we all know, this is bound to be a great discovery in history.

The funerary objects tell the story of the queen.

The door of the treasure house was opened, and problems followed. Who can enjoy such a luxurious mausoleum? We should let the funerary objects "speak". There are 190 bronzes in the tomb, of which 109 is engraved with the inscription "Fu Hao". It turned out that the owner of the tomb was the wife of Wu Ding, a famous queen of Shang Dynasty, and pursued the temple name "Xin" after her death. Wu Ding was a famous king in Shang Dynasty. His deeds are repeatedly mentioned in history books and Oracle bones, and his wife Fu Hao often appears with him. According to records, Wu Ding has more than 60 wives, but there are only three queens, of which the wife is the first. Some people even say that she is the only woman that Wu Ding really loved in her life. Because the word "Fu Hao" appeared many times in Oracle Bone Inscriptions's existing offerings, Wu Ding ordered the virgins in charge of divination to ask God about all aspects of Fu Hao's life: war, childbirth, illness, and even the situation after her death, which shows Wu Ding's deep interest in women.

This queen is not only the beloved wife of Shang King Wu Ding, but also one of his generals. Literature and Oracle Bone Inscriptions tell us a story: One summer, tribes in the north went to war with business, and the situation was once very unfavorable. Just when Wu Ding was at his wit's end, his new wife, Fu Hao, volunteered and asked for troops to go out. Wu Ding was very surprised at his wife's request, but the result of divination told him that only the Queen's expedition could quell the war. Sure enough, Fu Hao came to the front line, taking the lead and strategizing, and soon defeated the enemy. From then on, Fu Hao became the commander-in-chief of the Shang Dynasty, leading the army to conquer foreign countries and Pakistan in the south, and fighting Turks and ghosts in the north, defeating more than 20 small countries around the Shang Dynasty and making great contributions to the expansion of the territory of the Shang Dynasty. A variety of weapons, such as Ge, Yue and Zhong, were unearthed in Fu Hao's tomb. Among them, two large bronze cymbals engraved with the words "Fu Hao" were the most striking, and one of them was decorated with two tigers grabbing people's heads, which was murderous. Yue is a symbol of commanding the army in ancient times. More than 3,000 years ago, Fu Hao probably took these two bronze cymbals and commanded thousands of troops, which made great contributions to the Shang Dynasty!

There are more than 420 decorations in Fu Hao's tomb, including jade, turquoise, malachite, agate beads and seashells. The most peculiar thing is the jade carvings and ornaments in various animal shapes, which are lifelike and full of life breath. Looking back like a deer, it shows a look of alert, while a mantis with its head tilted to one side is carefree and vivid, and a jade phoenix looks back and spreads its wings, which makes people unforgettable at first sight. Beautiful ornaments tell us the lively and gentle side of the female general.

He The Secret Behind.

It has been more than 30 years since the discovery of Fu Hao's tomb, but the research on it is in the ascendant. It tells us the distant glory of Shang Dynasty, but also brings more mysteries. Why is Wuding's favorite queen not buried in the cemetery? Is the architectural site on Fu Hao's tomb a custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors in Shang Dynasty, or is it a special privilege for this female general with outstanding military achievements?

Wu Ding was a long-lived monarch who reigned for 59 years, but his wife, who was similar to him, died young. According to research, she may only have lived for more than 30 years. After Fu Hao's death, Wu Ding still loved the queen deeply. He prayed to heaven and gave Fu Haoxu to many Shang ancestors in the underworld. This seemingly strange behavior today actually gives Fu a lofty position, so it is unlikely that Fu will be refused to be buried in the cemetery after his death. Archaeologists have not been able to give a reasonable explanation for why Fu Hao was not buried in the tomb area.

Compared with the tombs in the tomb area, although some of them can also see the sign of building a "pleasure hall" on the tombs, it is not common. Perhaps, the "Enjoy Hall" on Fu Hao's tomb was specially built by Wu Ding. After Wu Ding presided over the sacrifice to Fu Hao again and again as recorded in documents and Oracle bones, perhaps the heartbroken king was sitting here alone, recalling the time when the two had worked hand in hand. Of course, these are all our guesses, and only Fu Hao and Wu told us the answer.