Four fables in classical Chinese

1. Four original fables: Naoko suspects neighbors; There were rich people in Song Dynasty; The rain wall was broken.

His son said, "If you don't build ④, there will be thieves." His neighbor's father is Yun, too.

At dusk, the fruit is destroyed and the money is wasted. His family is very wise, but he doubts his neighbor's father. (1) from Everything is Wrong and Difficult, with the title added by the editor.

Han Fei (about 280-233 BC) was a famous thinker at the end of the Warring States Period. His works are included in Han Feizi.

Wisdom, cleverness, here means "as clever as ...". (2) [Song] refers to the State of Song.

(3) [bad] damage. (4)[ Building] repair.

[Yi Yun] said the same thing. 6. Good evening.

All landowners [fruit] Sure enough. 8 [Death] Lost.

A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise, and a blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise. Everyone hung up on ⑤, and his father said, "Why is ⑤ not a blessing?" After living for several months, his horse returned to Hu.

Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" The family is rich and good, and the son is easy to ride, but he broke his moustache when he fell. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for a year, the conference semifinals entered the fortress, and Ding Zhuang's attending took the lead and fought.

Nineteen people died near the traffic jam. This alone is lame. Father and son protect each other.

(1) is an excerpt from Huainanzi Human Training, with the title added by the editor. Huainan Zi, also known as Huainan Lie Hong, was written by Liu An, the king of Huainan in the Western Han Dynasty (179- 122).

Plug (sài), side plug. (2) [plug] here refers to the Great Wall area.

(3) [the giver] is a person who is proficient in several tricks. Art, artistic figures, fortune telling, divination and other spells that speculate on the good or bad of people are superstitious activities.

(4) [death] escape. (5) [hanging] to comfort their misfortune.

⑥ 【 He Qi (Jù) 】 Why? This is a rhetorical question. All landowners [home] here means passing by.

8 [meeting] leaders. Pet-name ruby 【 ⑤ (b) 】 thigh.

Attending [Ding Zhuang] A mature man. ⑾ 【 Lead the string to play 】 Pick up the bow and arrow to fight.

Pull the string, pull the bowstring. ⑿ [19] Nine tenths, which means the vast majority.

[13] This person, this person. [14] [Crappy (bǒ)] Crappy.

⒂ 【 guarantee 】 save. Discussion and Practice 1 Read the text and talk about the meaning of four fables based on your own life experience.

Explain the following words with horizontal lines according to the context. 1。

2. Four fables: Naoko suspected his neighbor (1)

There were rich people in the Song Dynasty, and the wall was broken when it rained. His son said, "If you don't build ④, there will be thieves." His neighbor's father is Yun, too. At dusk, the fruit is destroyed and the money is wasted. His family is very wise, but he doubts his neighbor's father.

(1) from Everything is Wrong and Difficult, with the title added by the editor. Han Fei (about 280-233 BC) was a famous thinker at the end of the Warring States Period. His works are included in Han Feizi. Wisdom, cleverness, here means "as clever as ...".

(2) [Song] refers to the State of Song.

(3) [bad] damage.

(4)[ Building] repair.

[Yi Yun] said the same thing.

6. Good evening.

All landowners [fruit] Sure enough.

8 [Death] Lost.

Every cloud has a silver lining (1)

He who approaches the fort is skilled, and the horse dies for no reason. Everyone hung up on ⑤, and his father said, "Why is ⑤ not a blessing?" After living for several months, his horse returned to Hu. Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" The family is rich and good, and the son is easy to ride, but he broke his moustache when he fell. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for a year, the conference semifinals entered the fortress, and Ding Zhuang's attending took the lead and fought. Nineteen people died near the traffic jam. This alone is lame. Father and son protect each other.

(1) is an excerpt from Huainanzi Human Training, with the title added by the editor. Huainan Zi, also known as Huainan Lie Hong, was written by Liu An, the king of Huainan in the Western Han Dynasty (179- 122). Plug (sài), side plug.

(2) [plug] here refers to the Great Wall area.

(3) [the giver] is a person who is proficient in several tricks. Art, artistic figures, and spells that predict good or bad luck of people, such as fortune telling and divination, are all superstitious activities.

(4) [death] escape.

(5) [hanging] to comfort their misfortune.

⑥ 【 He Qi (Jù) 】 Why? This is a rhetorical question.

All landowners [home] here means passing by.

8 [meeting] leaders.

Pet-name ruby 【 ⑤ (b) 】 thigh.

Attending [Ding Zhuang] A mature man.

⑾ 【 Lead the string to play 】 Pick up the bow and arrow to fight. Pull the string, pull the bowstring.

⑿ [19] Nine tenths, which means the vast majority.

[13] This person, this person.

[14] [Crappy (bǒ)] Crappy.

⒂ 【 guarantee 】 save.

Discussion and practice

Read the text and talk about the meaning of four fables based on your own life experience.

Explain the following words with horizontal lines according to the context.

1

3. Classical Chinese: One of Aesop's four fables: The donkey walks in the wild and smells grass and insects, so he is very happy. ........................................................................................................................................

Second: In winter, mosquitoes come out of ...................................................................................................................................................................... "

Third: two people go together. One person holds an axe to the road, and the other holds an axe to the road.

Fourth: pedestrians rent donkeys and travel far. High temperature in Arabia in summer

Translation:

Look at the sentences first

I was busy singing to Xia Feng at that time.

The two men quarreled for a long time, and when they looked back, the donkey had been sunburned to death.

1. When the donkey was walking outside, he heard the chirping of insects in the grass and liked it very much, so he wanted to imitate their chirping. Ask the bug, "What food do you usually eat? Does it sing so well? " The bug replied, "It's just dew." The donkey thinks drinking dew is beneficial, so he stops eating grass and uses dew. For ten days in a row, the donkeys starved to death.

2. In winter, ants take out the corn harvested in summer. When other bugs are hungry, they ask for corn. The ant replied, "Then why don't you store food in summer?" The bug said, "I am busy singing to the summer (warm) wind." The ant said with a smile, "(an outstanding singer) sings in summer and hibernates when it is cold." How can you say you are hungry? "

3. Two people walk together. A man found an axe on the road and said to his companion, "I found an axe." His companion (corrected) said, "Don't say' I', say' we'." Later, I met someone looking for an axe on the road. The man who found the axe said, "We are in danger." The companion (corrected) replied, "Don't say' we', you can say' I'." Therefore, in this world, only when we face the danger together can we enjoy the harvest together.

4、

A man wanted to leave, so he rented a donkey. It's very hot and the sun is exhausting. The man wanted to find a cool place to cool off, but he couldn't find it, so he squatted under the donkey's belly to shade himself. But there can only be one person lying under the donkey's belly, and pedestrians and donkey drivers are scrambling to lie down. The donkey man said, "I rented the donkey to you, but I didn't rent the shadow of the donkey to you." The pedestrian said, "I rented your donkey, and the shadow of the donkey should be mine." They argued for a long time, and when they looked back, the donkey had been sunburned.

4. Four translations of ancient fables: buy gifts and return pearls.

There was a businessman in the State of Chu who sold his pearls to people in the State of Zheng. (pearls) are packed in wooden boxes of magnolia trees, smoked with cinnamon peppers, decorated with (exquisite) pearl jade, decorated with beautiful jade and decorated with kingfisher feathers. Zheng's people bought the box and returned it to the businessman. This can be said to be good at selling boxes, but it cannot be said to be good at selling pearls. The Chu people stood there awkwardly with the returned pearls. He thought others would appreciate his pearls, but he didn't expect the exquisite outer packaging to exceed the value in the box, so that "a presumptuous guest usurps the host's role" made the Chu people laugh and cry.

Zheng people only pay attention to appearance and ignore essence, which makes him make improper choices. The "over-packaging" of the Chu people is also ridiculous.

People who would rather believe their size than their feet when buying shoes.

There is a man from A Zheng who wants to buy shoes. He first measured his feet at home and put them on the seat. When I went to the market, I forgot to measure. He had already got the shoes, and then he realized that he had forgotten the size. He said, "I forgot my size." Go home and take your measurements. By the time he came back, the market had already dispersed, and he didn't buy shoes at last. Someone asked him, "Why don't you try on your shoes with your own feet?" He said, "I would rather believe in size than my own feet!" " "

Pretend to be a member of the ensemble ― just make up the numbers.

suggestion

In ancient times, Qi Xuanwang, the monarch of Qi, liked music, especially listening to the flute. He has 300 musicians who are good at playing the flute. Qi Xuanwang likes to be lively and ostentatious, and always wants to show the majesty of the monarch in front of people, so every time he listens to the flute, he always asks the 300 people to play for him.

A Southland gentleman heard about Qi Xuanwang's hobby and thought it was a good opportunity to make money. He ran to Qi Xuanwang and boasted, "Your Majesty, I am a famous musician. No one who has heard me play the flute is unmoved. Even birds and animals can dance and flowers will tremble with the beat. I would like to dedicate my stunt to your majesty. " Qi Xuanwang was very happy to hear this. Without investigation, he accepted him very readily and put him in the 300-member blowteam.

After that, Mr. Nan Guo took the 300 people to Qi Xuanwang to play an ensemble, enjoying the same generous treatment as others, and he was extremely proud.

In fact, Mr. Nanguo told a big lie, and he couldn't blow it out at all. Every time I play ball, Mr. Nan Guo is mixed in the team with a shovel in his hand. He shakes his body when people shake it. Others shook their heads, and he shook his head. His face pretended to be emotional and forgot me. He seems to be as devoted as others, and really can't see any flaws. In this way, Mr. Nanguo cheated day after day and got a salary for nothing.

But it didn't last long. A few years later, Qi Xuanwang, who loved ensemble, died, and his son Min succeeded to the throne. King Qi Min also likes to play the flute, but unlike Qi Xuanwang, he thinks it's too noisy for 300 people to play together, so it's better to play solo. So King Qi Min issued an order to these 300 people to practice hard and get ready. He would let these 300 people play one by one in turn for him to enjoy. After receiving the order, the musicians actively practiced and wanted to show their skills. Only Mr. Nan Guo, who has just made up a few words, is as anxious as a cat on hot bricks. He thought about it and felt that he couldn't get along this time, so he had to pack up and run away overnight.

An ignorant man like Mr. Nan Guo who lives by cheating can cheat for a while, but not for a lifetime. What is false is false, and eventually it can't escape the test of practice and is exposed and disguised. The only way for us to succeed is to study hard. Only by practicing a perfect real skill can we stand all tests.

to gild the lily

suggestion

From the warring States policy chess strategy two. The brief description of this story in Historical Records of Chu Family is: "Chu is Zhaoyang, and the soldiers will attack Qi. Chen Yi is an emissary of Qin, and he will go to see Zhaoyang together. He said, "Some people leave the rest of them to drink, while others say," These people don't drink enough. Please draw the earth as a snake, and the one who succeeds first will drink it alone. Cheren said that my snake became the first. I raised my wine and said, I can satisfy it, I will satisfy it, and I will drink the wine I took. It is said that a snake is solid enough, and now it is enough to be a snake. "

meaning

This story tells people that the snake had no feet, and the first person who painted it added feet to it, but it didn't become a snake. Later, I gild the lily to add unnecessary complexity, but this is a bad thing. Luo Guanzhong of Amin Dynasty wrote in the 110th chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Zhang Yi remonstrated, saying,' The ambition of a general has been fulfilled, so it can be stopped. If he moves forward now, if he is not satisfied, it will be like gilding the lily. Tell people to seek truth from facts and not to show off their cleverness, otherwise they will not do things well, but will make things worse.