The customs of Jingpo nationality

The marriage form of Jingpo nationality is monogamy. But mountain officials and rich families also have polygamy. At home, the father is the parent. If the woman has no children, she can get married, but the husband does not change his surname; Children can be adopted when they have no children, and their rights and obligations are the same as those of their own children; The younger son's inheritance system is not strict, and the younger son's status is higher than that of the older son. The social status of women is low. In the current monogamous marriage, we should basically follow the traditional principle of one-way cousin marriage, that is, the man in the aunt's family must marry the woman in the aunt's family, while the man in the uncle's family cannot marry the woman in the aunt's family, forming a marriage relationship between "uncle's family" and "father's family". It is popular to transfer houses and continue to marry wives and sisters after the death of their wives. It also implements hierarchical marriage, that is, officials marry officials and people marry people. Young men and women are free to communicate, but the marriage is arranged by their parents, and the bride price is very heavy, and the phenomenon of robbing marriage occurs from time to time.

Jingpo people have no written law, and social order is maintained by traditional customary law-"Tongdela". Customary law has great binding force and is often combined with religious superstition. Generally, the death penalty will not be easily sentenced, but the murderer must pay for his life. Under normal circumstances, the losing party is fined several times to ten times the compensation in kind. When the case cannot be investigated and determined, it will be judged by God. The commonly used methods of divine judgment include swearing, egg divination, snail fighting, cooking, fishing for boiling water, stuffy water and so on. With the division of classes, customary law has been gradually destroyed and used by mountain officials and leaders to serve their own interests.

In addition to the cremation of the fierce dead, the young are buried in the sky and the normal dead are buried.

In Jingpo costumes, men like to wrap white or black buns when they go out, wear black underwear or white pants, wear a long knife and carry a satchel. Women generally wear black tops, maroon self-woven wool aprons, black and red rattan waist hoops and leg hoops, wool leggings and various silver ornaments. However, before the founding of the People's Republic of China, poor farmers were in rags and spent the winter alone, and both men and women were barefoot.

Rice is the staple food in most areas, and corn is the staple food in a few areas. In the past, only banana leaves were used to cover rice, which was evenly distributed and eaten by hands. The main drinks are mountain spring water and water wine. Kill the cow and sacrifice the ghost, and the whole village will share the beef. The prey is shared by onlookers. Entertain guests warmly with meals. Jingpo people like to chew sand sticks (a kind of chew made of grass tobacco, reeds, hydrated lime, etc. ), and it is also one of the traditional etiquette to give each other sand sticks when meeting.

Houses are huts with bamboo and wood structures, and in some places only a few mountain officials live in tile houses. The hut is rectangular and the roof is oblique. The whole building is divided into two floors, with people living on the upper floor and captive livestock and poultry below. Doors are opened from both ends, the front door is for guests to enter and exit, ghosts are buried, cattle and horses are tied, and the back door is forbidden for outsiders to enter and exit, and it is not allowed to pass indoors. There is a fire candy in every room at home, surrounded by mats, and I sleep impromptu at night. Houses are usually rebuilt once every seven or eight years. When building a house, the whole village will change jobs and help each other in a few days, and a grand ceremony will be held to complete the new house.