What is hypnosis?

Hypnotism is a kind of magic that uses hints and other means to put the subjects into hypnosis, thus producing magical effects.

Hypnosis is a special conscious trance psychological state similar to sleep but not sleep, which is induced by people (such as relaxation, monotonous stimulation, concentration, imagination, etc.). ). It is characterized by the weakening or loss of the hypnotized person's independent judgment and autonomous action ability, and the distortion or loss of feeling and perception. In the process of hypnosis, the hypnotized person follows the suggestion or instruction of the hypnotist and reacts. The depth of hypnosis varies with the individual's hypnotic sensitivity, the reputation and skills of the hypnotist. The effect of suggestion under hypnosis can continue to the awakening activity after hypnosis. The method of inducing the hypnotized person to enter the hypnotic state through certain procedures is called hypnosis.

Using special behavioral techniques combined with language prompts, normal people can enter a temporary, sleep-like state. Hypnosis can also be induced by drugs and can be divided into self-hypnosis and hypnosis of others. Self hypnosis is caused by self suggestion. Hypnosis of others is produced under the influence and suggestion of the hypnotist, which can arouse the repressed and forgotten things and tell the medical records, illness, inner conflicts and tensions. Hypnosis can also be used as a therapeutic method (i.e. hypnotherapy) to relieve or eliminate patients' mental and physical diseases such as tension, anxiety, conflict and insomnia.

In China, it can be said that hypnosis has a long history, which is also mentioned in Neijing. In ancient times, "You Zhu" and some religious ceremonies, such as "jumping to the gods", all contained hypnotic elements, but at that time they were mostly used for deception or a superstitious activity. In Europe and America, people have been studying hypnosis for a long time. The earlier record is that in Paris in the18th century, there was an Austrian doctor named FranzAntonMesmer who loved psychotherapy. He can treat patients with "animal magnetism" through a complex set of methods, including letting patients lie on their arms. The mechanism of hypnosis is explained by mysterious animal magnetism, which is a suggestive force according to modern understanding. It is said that the French government prepared to pay him a large sum of money for treatment, but he refused, probably because he didn't know it himself. Later, a Scottish doctor, james braid, became interested in this phenomenon, which would anesthetize surgical patients. /kloc-in the 9th century, he put forward the word "hypnosis", scientifically explained a passive sleep-like state caused by the healer, and borrowed the Greek word "hypnos" (meaning sleep) to "hypnotize". Later, under years of systematic and in-depth research by a group of people led by Pavlov, a biologist in the former Soviet Union, hypnosis has made great progress, and hypnosis has really become a rational and useful applied science. Now, famous universities and hospitals in many countries have hypnosis laboratories, and actively carry out feasibility studies on applying hypnosis to medicine, teaching, industry and other fields.

Matters needing attention in hypnosis:

Hypnotic environment and time setting

Environment setting: It is best to choose a quiet, comfortable and warm environment, which is conducive to relaxation and makes people feel relaxed, comfortable and safe naturally.

Time setting: Generally, hypnosis lasts about one hour at a time, and it is adjusted according to the different problems to be solved in hypnosis. As therapeutic hypnosis, there are at least five treatments, the first is adaptive therapy, and the second is to really start treatment; Generally, every time 10 is 1 course of treatment. Of course, due to individual differences, some people do not necessarily need to complete the whole course of treatment to fully recover.

Living habits during hypnotic adjustment period

Empty urine before each treatment, don't eat too much, and be full; Eliminate distractions and treat treatment with a peaceful attitude; It is absolutely forbidden to drink alcohol (dizziness, headache, irritability and other reactions will occur after drinking alcohol), and try not to take ginseng, hormones and so on. Try to keep a regular life system; Truly reflect the experience and changes after treatment to the hypnotist.

Contraindications to hypnosis

Although no examples of hypnotic suggestion with serious consequences have been reported at present, attention should be paid to the selection of indications and contraindications to avoid possible adverse situations. Contraindications include the following aspects:

1 Schizophrenia or other serious mental illness. Under hypnosis, such patients will worsen their condition or induce hallucinations and delusions.

2. Patients with brain organic psychosis with conscious disorder. Hypnosis can aggravate symptoms.

Serious cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, heart failure, etc.

4 people who have serious fears about hypnosis and remain skeptical after explanation.

Common misunderstandings and worries about hypnosis

1 q: does hypnosis just make people sleep?

Answer: Hypnosis is not a technique to induce people to fall asleep. There are many differences between hypnotic state and sleep state. Although he seems to be asleep on the surface, in fact, the subject maintains a close inductive relationship with the hypnotist, and his subconscious activities play an active role under the guidance and help of the hypnotist. Although hypnosis is also a kind of rest, the depth and quality of rest are higher than ordinary sleep. Sometimes I only sleep for ten minutes, and I feel that I have slept for a long time. Although hypnosis has a good effect on the treatment of sleep problems, it is not limited to this aspect and can comprehensively adjust people's physical and mental state.

Q: Will you wake up after being urged under hypnosis?

A: During hypnosis, the subject and the hypnotist maintain a close inductive relationship, so it seems that the subject knows nothing, but in fact he communicates with the hypnotist subconsciously, keeps in touch with the outside world, and wakes up after being awakened by the hypnotist's instructions. Of course, if the hypnotic state continues, you can enter the natural sleep state, and the subjects will wake up naturally after getting enough sleep without any side effects or adverse consequences. Similarly, in normal natural sleep, you can also resort to hypnosis through hypnosis, which is called sleep hypnosis.

Q: Hypnosis means that people don't know anything, and then some magical changes will happen?

Answer: Hypnosis does not mean depriving people of the ability of psychological activities. Although the level of conscious activity is reduced, the level of subconscious activity is more active. At this time, some subjects will feel confused and unconscious, as if they can only hear the voice of the hypnotist; But some subjects feel that they are awake and can hear everything, and even think that they are not hypnotized at all. These feelings may appear under hypnosis and will not affect the progress and therapeutic effect of hypnosis. Of course, the more subjects feel and experience (rather than test) according to the instructions of the hypnotist, the more beneficial it is to get more beneficial things from hypnosis.

Q: Is it true that in many film and television literary works, the hypnotist does what he asks and says what he asks? Will this be controlled by others or expose your privacy?

A: The descriptions of hypnosis in many film and television literary works are exaggerated and inaccurate. Everyone's subconscious has an unshakable task, which is to protect this person. In fact, even under hypnosis, people's subconscious mind will protect itself like a loyal guardian. Hypnosis can better communicate with the subconscious, but it can't drive a person to do things that the subconscious doesn't agree with, so there is no need to worry about being controlled or revealing his secrets. Moreover, even if it is not personal, as a hypnotist, it is a basic professional ethics to keep the situation under hypnosis secret for the hypnotized person.

Q: Hypnosis means being hinted, so is it only those who have no opinion or firm will, or those with low education and low quality who will be hypnotized?

A: The reasons for hypnosis are quite complicated, and suggestion is only one of the factors, not the whole content. Hypnotic sensitivity is a psychological characteristic of normal people, so it doesn't mean that only people who lack their own opinions will be hypnotized; At the same time, according to the latest research results in the field of hypnosis, the first level of hypnosis is the material level-the function of the cranial nerve system; The second level is the acceptance of personal psychological activities. From this point of view, people who are more likely to be hypnotized are often those with good functional state of the cranial nerve system, strong psychological activity, high efficiency and keen, so we can see that people with higher education, good psychological quality and keen can benefit from hypnosis, while too young children, over-aged people and people with mental retardation in life are difficult to be hypnotized because of the poor functional state of the cranial nerve system.

Q: Does hypnosis have a bad effect on mental health?

Answer: Hypnosis itself is a very safe psychological adjustment and treatment technology. As long as the operator standardizes the operation, it will not have adverse effects on mental health. Even if you feel uncomfortable after hypnosis, you can get rid of it in the next hypnosis, leaving no "future trouble" for the subjects. Of course, because of the particularity of hypnosis, hypnosis, especially hypnosis with psychotherapy and training content, should be carried out by hypnotists who have received professional training and practical experience.

In hypnosis, there are many magical phenomena that are difficult to explain even in theory, such as super-sensitivity (if the hypnotist suggests that the hypnotized person is putting a hot metal on himself, then the hypnotized person's skin will really show signs of burning), the split of action and perception, the recovery of memory after hypnosis and amnesia. This is one of the reasons why hypnosis is exciting and challenging, and why it is still difficult to be fully accepted by academic circles.

Hypnosis at first glance gives people a mysterious and magical impression, which is also reasonable. However, if you study hypnosis carefully, you will know that hypnosis is not an illusory thing like magic and divination, nor is it just a simple hypnosis and hypnosis process. In fact, it has a very strict and complete theory, and it is an ancient and young science with great achievements.