Information and introduction of outstanding figures in the art world

Born in Holland

Grut Zendet (1853) was born in brabant, southern Netherlands, on March 30th, 1953. He is a Dutch Protestant pastor, Theodorus Van Gogh (1822- 1885) and Anna cornelia Ka Bentes (18).

1855 February 17, Vincent's sister Anna Courinha van Gogh was born.

1857, 1 In May, Van Gogh's confidant and his brother Theo was born.

On March 1859, my sister Elizabeth Van Gogh was born.

I worked as a shop assistant and business agent in my early years, and also worked as a missionary in the mining area. He spent the last five years of his life in France and devoted himself to painting. During his short life, Van Gogh kept close contact with his younger brother Theo, and there were thousands of letters between them. In his letters to his younger brother, Van Gogh talked about life, art and philosophy. He often drew sketches of oil paintings he was creating on stationery, or scenic figures he saw in the local area at that time. Because they are painted in words, these graffiti works are natural, concise and lively, which embodies Van Gogh's clever and beautiful fonts, and allows us to see the subtle details of the master's brushwork and the subtle relationship between "painting" and "brushwork". [ 1]

Contact painting

Van Gogh's Self-portrait (4)

186 1 year, Van Gogh drew the first sketch of his life-a cat, but it was torn up by his mother's praise.

On March 1862, my sister Wilhelmina Van Gogh was born.

1866 The earliest pictures were taken at Zefenbergen Boarding School.

1866 graduated from the boarding school in Zewenbergen, Zedet village, and Van Gogh entered the grammar school in tilburg.

1867 On May 7th, my younger brother Nillies Van Gogh was born.

1868 left tilburg grammar school in March.

1March, 869, worked as a clerk in the Hague branch of an art company, and then went to work in the Brussels branch.

Life is hard.

187 1 year, the family moved to Helvette.

1872 started to correspond with Theo at school.

1873 In May, Vincent moved to the London branch and fell in love with ursula Loyer, the landlord's daughter. In June, Theo entered the Brussels branch of an art company.

1874 failed to propose to Ursula and returned to the Netherlands; I was in Paris from October, 65438 to February, 65438, and then returned to London.

1transferred to Paris in May, 875, keen on mysticism and religion. In October, 65438, his parents moved to Eton College.

1876 was dismissed by Gupier in March; Fingerprint extraction according to Miller's vespers. In April, I worked as a teacher in Ramsgate, England, and later as an assistant pastor in Elvas. 65438+ Return to Eaton in February.

1877 65438+1worked in Dordrecht Bookstore from October to April, went to Amsterdam in May, lived with my uncle Yang, and actively studied for the seminary.

1878 In July, he gave up his study in Amsterdam, and after a short stay at Eton College, he entered the Evangelical School in Brussels for three months in August, but failed to get the appointment of a priest and went to Borina Ri mining area near Mons to do informal missionary work.

1879 was expelled from the church because of his enthusiasm for work. This tragic experience left a deep impression on him. After that, I began to wander; Read Dickens, Stowe, Hugo, Shakespeare and Misley; Praise the art of Charles de Gru, Rembrandt, Lasdale, barbizon School and The Hague School; Disappointed by poverty, lose confidence in life; Start sketching.

lunacy

1888 Ar (1888 February 21-1889 May 3), went to Provence Ar in February, stayed in Algasa Cafe, and moved to "Yellow House" in Lamartin Square in May; Gauguin came to live with him on October 20, 65438/kloc-0; 65438+On February 23rd, an ear was cut off due to mental disorder; Gauguin returned to Paris. With the help of Theo, three paintings and several sketches of Van Gogh were exhibited in the independent salon.

1889 Saint-Remy Period (1889 May 3-1890 May 16), April 17, Taiao and Joanne Bunger (1862- In May, Van Gogh voluntarily entered the Saint Remy Mental Hospital; Sinek visited; Painted many pictures, mainly landscapes; Began to draw cypress continuous cropping. After a month in hospital, he created one of his most famous paintings, Starry Sky, which is now in the new york Museum of Modern Art. Van Gogh held an exhibition of impressionism and comprehensive paintings in Macquarie. Van Gogh met Monk in Paris.

Shoot yourself.

1890 Orff period (1890 May 21-1890 July 29), copying the works of Delacroix, Miller, Rembrandt and gustave dore; 65438+1October 3 1, son of Theo; Albert Auriere published an article commenting on Vincent's paintings; "20-Person Exhibition" in Brussels.

At the meeting, Van Gogh's The Red Vineyard was sold, which was the only work he could sell when he was alive. He was discharged from the hospital in May, passed through Paris, had a short rest, lived in orpheus, and was supervised by Paul Gachet. In June, he created "Dr. Gaxie"; In July, I went to Paris to visit Theo's family and met Lautreck and Albert Auriere. After returning to Orville, I wrote Orville City Hall. His last oil painting, The Crow in the Rye. On July 27th, he relapsed and shot himself. He stopped breathing under the protection of Dr. Theo and Dr. Gachet in the early morning of the 29th 1 p.m..

Three editors of personal works

representative works

Introduction to painting

draw

Dr. gachet

In June 1890, that is, one month before committing suicide, Dr. Vincent Willem van Gogh of Gachet painted this portrait for Dr. Gachet who took good care of him. He himself said, "I hope to draw a portrait of an artist friend, who is full of great ideals." I hope to paint my feelings and admiration for this person into my works. I exaggerated the blond of his hair. I didn't draw the ordinary walls of the front cabin, but I used the extremely rich and strong blue mixed by me to draw an infinite and far-reaching background. Because of this simple cooperation, the blond head shines on this rich blue background, like a star embedded in the deep blue sky. "When he painted this portrait, he wrote a sentence: People may stare at them for a long time, and even recall it with longing after 100 years. This is a sentence he wrote a hundred years ago, and he is right. 1May 990, exactly one hundred years later. [2]

Dr. gachet

Cafe at night

The cafe at night is a nightmare composed of dark green ceilings, red walls and uncoordinated green furniture. The golden floor presents a vertical perspective and enters the red background with incredible power. Conversely, the red background is also quite competitive with its strength. This painting is an irreconcilable struggle between the perspective of space and the aggressive color trying to destroy it. The result is a terrible experience of claustrophobia and oppression. The work indicates surrealism's exploration of perspective as a means of fantasy expression, but no exploration can have such shocking power.

Cafe at night

Destrelenhardt

Starry Night is a landscape painting both near and far, which can be seen from the high-viewpoint landscape techniques of Bruegel, a landscape painter in the16th century, although Van Gogh's more direct source is some impressionist landscape paintings. Tall poplars trembled and floated slowly in front of us; The small villages in the valley live safely under the protection of the steeple church; All the stars and planets in the universe are spinning and exploding in the "doomsday judgment". This is not the final judgment of man, but the final judgment of the solar system. This painting was painted by/kloc-0 in June, 1989 in St. Remy's sanatorium.

Destrelenhardt

Self-portrait after ear cutting

1888 Van Gogh invited Gauguin to live in arles. At first, they got along well, but with Van Gogh's repeated illness, the two artists kept quarreling. After a heated argument, Gauguin left angrily. Van Gogh could not stop or restrain his excitement, so he cut off his right ear. The world first infected its madness to human painters-just as it once injected magic into his works. We stared in surprise at Van Gogh's twisted face, frightened eyes and trembling gestures: he seemed to be suffering instead of all mankind and became the embodiment of pain. With this in mind, we can understand the struggling lines and dancing color blocks in Van Gogh's works: his blood is mixed with poured paint, and the canvas is just a bandage for his wound. This is a master who lives in trauma. He is used to talking to the world with a wound. This is a painful reaper, and his sickle finally harvested his ears.

Self-portrait after ear cutting

still life:vase with fifteen sunflowers

These sunflowers are simply inserted in vases, showing a breathtaking magnificence. Van Gogh used repainted strokes, like sculpture, to take a piece of clay from the relief. The colors and techniques of yellow and earth tones show a beautiful world full of hope and sunshine.

Rye with crows (also called rye with crows flying)

It is an oil painting created by Van Gogh 1890 in July. The usual explanation is that this painting shows Van Gogh's mental distress under the dark and harsh sky. Three paths lead in different directions, and a black crow hangs overhead, indicating signs of death.

In this painting, there is still his unique golden color that people are familiar with, but it is full of anxiety and gloom. The thick blue sky with dark clouds is pressing the golden wheat field, so heavy that people can't breathe, and the air seems to have solidified. A group of messy crows fly low, the undulating horizon and the violent strokes add to the sense of oppression, resistance and uneasiness. The picture is extremely turbulent, and the green path goes deep into the distance in the yellow wheat field, which adds anxiety and excitement. This painting reveals tension and ominous omens everywhere, as if it were a silent suicide book composed of colors and lines. In the quiet wheat field, he can't pursue peace. In the blue sky full of sunshine, he drifted across the shadow of death in his heart for a long time and became an endless crow, leading Van Gogh to fly to his blue sky and chase infinite light. The very next day, he came to this wheat field and shot himself in the heart. Behind the darkness is still the blue sky.

Portrait of Joseph Lu Lin

Van Gogh's oil painting The Portrait of Joseph Lu Lin was created on 1889. This portrait is one of Van Gogh's six friends. Lu Lin is a postman in arles. Arles in the south of France is 15 hours by train. Van Gogh arrived in arles on 1888, hoping to find like-minded friends, but his hopes failed. He lives and paints there alone. Lu Lin's family brought him warmth and friendship, and they were also the themes of many of his works.

In the oil painting The Portrait of Joseph Lu Lin, Lu Lin wears his proud postman uniform, and the background is an imaginary whirlpool pattern. In his letter to his younger brother Theo, Van Gogh said, "I want to describe men and women with symbolic aura, an eternal thing, and express eternity with the loudness and vibration of our coloring."

Goddess of the rainbow

The oil painting "Iris" was completed by the painter Van Gogh in May 1889 and now exists in Los Angeles.

Like sunflowers, Van Gogh seems to like painting such plants. The iris in oil painting is far more beautiful than the real iris in people's eyes. Perhaps it is this subtle beauty and cuteness that deeply attracts the audience.

At the same time, the painter Van Gogh also expressed a fresh and energetic atmosphere in his oil paintings.

A self-portrait without a beard

This self-portrait without a beard is the last self-portrait of Van Gogh, painted on 1889, when his mother was 70 years old. Although the relationship between mother and son was tense because of some contradictions in the early years, we didn't often contact each other, but on her birthday, in order to reassure her about her health, Van Gogh decided to send her a self-portrait. Van Gogh painted himself healthier, younger and neater than in reality, but these can't hide his despair and loneliness. Finally, Van Gogh gave his mother a photo of Al's bedroom and hung it on his wall.

A self-portrait without a beard

Van Gogh's rye

Van Gogh's Wheat Field is a landscape oil painting created by the painter Van Gogh in early September of 1889. Now in the National Gallery of London. The cypress swaying in the wind in the oil painting is like a restless soul, flying between heaven and earth. It is a cry from the depths of the soul, a yearning for life, and a helplessness and indignation against reality. The theme that the painter Van Gogh always wanted to express was life and strength. Van Gogh's works are always full of uncontrollable excitement and enthusiasm. He often expresses this passion with flying lines and strong colors. In this painting, cypress trees along the road are like black flames, and these curly lines are intertwined and rush to the sky. Next to the cypress tree is a golden and dazzling wheat field, which is Van Gogh's favorite color because it is the color of the sun and a symbol of life. Van Gogh also used a short, fast and rotating line to describe the sky and roads as a fast-flowing river that never stops rolling forward. These colors and strokes express the tension and impulse in Van Gogh's heart. Even a rational person can hardly keep calm in front of this picture. Van Gogh's paintings are not abstruse or pretentious. He just expressed his love for nature and life in simple and plain artistic language. It is this kindness and sincerity that makes his art have enduring charm.

autobiography

Dear Theo is composed of letters written by Van Gogh to his younger brother Theo, which truly reflects Van Gogh's life and provides important information for future generations to understand Van Gogh.

Van Gogh's grandfather was a priest. Also known as Vincent (Vincent Van Gogh1789.2.1-1874.5.7). Van Gogh's grandmother's name is Elizabeth Hubert Avrijdag1790-1875), and she comes from a Swiss family. They gave birth to 12 children, one of whom died very early, leaving five daughters and six sons.

Van Gogh's father Theodore Van Gogh (1822.2.2-1885.3.26) preached in Zundet on 1849. He is a Christian priest. Two years later, he married Van Gogh's mother Anna cornelia Cabernet (Anna cornelia Cabernet1819.10-1907). Anna was born in The Hague, and her father was called "the king's binder" in The Hague because of him. One of his daughters married Uncle Vincent Van Gogh.

Their first son died shortly after his birth. After his birth, Van Gogh was named after his dead brother: Vincentwillem.

Goddess of the rainbow

In Van Gogh's life, he only kept close relationship with his younger brother Theo and his younger sister Wilhelmina, and Theo was also the biggest supporter and admirer of Van Gogh's life. 1890 Six months after Van Gogh's death, Theo followed his brother ... Although Van Gogh's father was only a priest, the Van Gogh family had a great social status at that time, because several of Van Gogh's uncles were "very influential" figures at that time:

UncleHein (HendrickVincent Van Gogh1814-1877) opened a gallery in Rotterdam and later moved to Brussels.

Uncle Jan (Johannes van Gogh Johannes van Gogh1817.8.19-1885), commander of the navy, lives in Amsterdam. From 65438 to 0877, Van Gogh lived in this uncle's house for a period of time.

Uncle Cole (Cornelismarinsvangogh1824—1908) is also an art dealer. Van Gogh and Theo often call him Uncle C.M. Vincent (Vincent Van Gogh 1820- 1888, the same name as Van Gogh), and he is a great art dealer. When I was a child, I was in poor health and couldn't go to college. He first sells painting materials in the studio. He is a very talented and shrewd man. A few years later, his gallery became a famous one in Europe. Then signed a joint venture contract with the largest gallery in the world at that time. Van Gogh and Theo both worked in this uncle's shop at first.

Anton Moff (1838.9.18—1888.2.5) is a representative painter of The Hague School, and Van Gogh was under his guidance when he was in The Hague. His wife's name is JetMauve (formerly Jetcembantus1856-94-94), and she is Van Gogh's cousin. Her (Jeter's) mother's name is Ficabintes, and she is a sister to Van Gogh's mother. Fie has three daughters, and Jet is one of them.

1987165438+1October 1 1, Iris was sold at a sky-high price of $53.9 million.

Vincent Van Gogh (10)

It shocked the world and caused some controversy. Some people call for "keeping a moral distance between culture and business" in newspapers.

1On March 30th, 987, a sunflower by Van Gogh was sold for $39.5 million.

1998 1 191October 19, a self-portrait of Van Gogh without a beard was sold for $765,438+$5,000.

self-portrait

Portrait painting Gachet (1890) in the collection of Ossetian Art Museum is the second most expensive painting in the world, after Picasso's The Boy with a Pipe.

Starrynight Overthrone (1888), collected in the Art Museum of Ossetia.

Antwerp backyard (1885), collected in Van Gogh Museum.

WheatfieldwithCrows, 1890, collection of Van Gogh Museum.

ThePotatoEaters, 1885, collected in Van Gogh Museum.

Fishing boats by the sea in Marie-de-la-me, 1888, collected by Van Gogh Museum.

Ovi Church (1890), collected in Orsay Art Museum.

Roadwithcypressandstar (1890), collected in Mueller Art Museum in Odurokula, the Netherlands.

The night cafe in the place la Martine in Arles (1888), collected in the Art Museum of Yale University.

Langlois Women's Bridge (1888) is collected in the Klammeller Museum in the Netherlands.

Cypress, 1889, collection of the Metropolitan Museum.

Iris (1889), collected in Paul Gates Art Museum, California.

Vincent' sbedrominarlesar (3rd ed.), 1889, collected in Osei Art Museum.

Rose (1889), collected in the National Western Art Museum of Japan [5].

CafeTerraceatNight, 1888, collected in Collen-Miller Museum [4].

Sunflower (1888), collected in Munich Art Museum, Germany.

This StarryNight (1889) was collected by new york Museum of Modern Art.

Ear cutting event

Van Gogh went to live in arles in the south of France on February 1888. He rented a house, Gauguin visited in June 5438+10, and left in February 65438 +2. Later, around Christmas1888+February, more than half of Van Gogh's left ear was cut off. It is generally believed that Van Gogh left him angrily because of an argument with his good friend Gauguin. Van Gogh was insane because of emotional excitement. On the night of February 23rd, 65438, he cut off his left ear with a knife. There are also different opinions about the whole story of ear cutting in academic circles. However, this statement is very controversial, so there is no reliable explanation for this incident at present.

The mystery of suicide

Van Gogh got along well with the local people, and his condition seemed to improve, but on the afternoon of July 27th, 1890, he shot himself while he was out painting. At dawn on the 29th, Van Gogh died beside Theo. He is only 37 years old. There has been a debate about the cause of Van Gogh's suicide. Personally, I think Van Gogh's suicide was not just due to mental problems. Works such as The Crow in the Rye must have been painted by the painter in a very sober state, but these paintings suggest that Van Gogh's death is obvious.

At that time, Van Gogh came out of the hotel with oil painting tools as usual, but he had a pistol in his hand to trick others into driving away crows. A farmer happened to be walking on a wheat field path when he heard Van Gogh muttering to himself, "There is no escape, no escape ..."

Van Gogh walked into the depths of the wheat field where the wheat ears were swaying and shot into the abdomen. Gunfire echoed over the wheat fields covered by the sunset. ...

The next morning, under the guardianship of Theo, the painter Van Gogh passed away quietly.

After Van Gogh's death, a letter addressed to Theo was found in the pocket of his clothes.

Dear brother, thank you for your thoughtful letter and fifty francs. There are many things I want to write, but I feel useless. I'm relieved to hear that your family is safe. Life is smooth sailing, better than anything else ... You used to be my communication partner in many paintings ... Speaking of my career, I gave my life for it, because my reason has almost collapsed ... But you are not the kind of businessman I know, and I think you are still on the side of human nature. What do you expect in this situation? ]

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