What are the classic books of Taoism?

Taoist classics, of course, are Tao Te Ching (Laozi), South China True Classics (Zhuangzi) and Liezi.

If you want to know the Taoist classics, you can refer to the catalogue of Taoist collections.

1, Zhouyi Shentongqi:

This book is the earliest theory about alchemy and is called "the king of single crystals" by later generations. It is a summary of the previous smelting technology of elixir liquid. "Participating in the same agreement" refers to the integration of Yi, Huang Lao and Huo: too easy to be temperamental, each with its own degree; The fire is indeed well-founded; Huang Lao uses research, which is more royal; Three roads lead to one, and they all go through this road. This book was written by Wei Boyang, an alchemist of Huang Lao School in Han Dynasty. Describe the preparation of alchemy equipment, the types and dosage of drugs, the adjustment of fire, the reaction process of drugs, or the taking method after refining, and the effect. The book describes in detail the reaction principle of Dan medicine and the method of mastering the temperature, which has always been regarded as a standard by future generations.

Zhouyi Shentongqi is also an account of the process of alchemy by Han scholars, and it is the product of the combination of Yi ology and alchemy. It also developed the theory of "Guaqi" in the Yi-ology of Han Dynasty into the theory of "Yueti Jia", so its theory has a certain position in the history of Yi-ology. If we look at the Zhouyi Shentongqi from the perspective of Yi-ology, we will explain the principle of the formation of Dan medicine with the theory of yin-yang change, and explain the principle of mastering fire with the theory of "the body of the moon". For example, the Book of Changes begins with a clear meaning: "The parents of the hexagrams are willing to work in kungong, turn their heads to the right axis of the valley, read four hexagrams, and think that those who are afraid of Yin and Yang and are still in the imperial court are arrogant and strict, and count them through the calendar. There are five or six in the lunar festival." Gankun Li Kan and the "60" mentioned later refer to sixty-four hexagrams, which explain the whole process of alchemy. Among the sixty-four hexagrams, Gankun Li Kan is divided into four basic hexagrams, which are the basis of the formation of Dan medicine (Gankun is the furnace tripod, the upper kettle is dry, and the lower kettle is Kun, taking the image of heaven and earth. Carbuncle refers to drugs, carbuncle is lead, carbuncle is mercury; Or the mountain is water and the distance is fire; Fire refers to the distillation of drugs, and water refers to the melting of drugs into liquids. Ganbu and Liubu are Yang, Kunbu and Kanbu are Yin; Ding Shang Yang, Ding Shang Yin; Mercury is positive and lead is negative; Fire is yang and water is yin. Ding Lu and medicine are refined according to the law of yin and yang changes, especially the statement that "the four hexagrams are used to confuse or take the way of yin and yang" shows that the process of alchemy should also master the temperature according to the rise and fall of yin and yang forces in nature.

Jingwei to Japan explains that the remaining 60 hexagrams are distributed within 30 days, two hexagrams a day; "rigidity and softness have exterior and interior" shows that yin and yang attributes complement each other. The book of changes "Shentongqi" particularly emphasizes the role of the two hexagrams, and at the same time clearly puts forward "Yi Yi", and the change of Yin and Yang does not violate the principle of Yin and Yang change and the principle of refining and burning. The process of alchemy, the change of medicine, water and fire, lead is yin and melts into white liquid when it meets fire; Mercury is yang and sublimates when it meets fire; Water is yin, fire is yang, mixed into one, refined into Dan medicine, which is called "easy separation."

The theory of "moon body receiving armor" in Zhouyi Shentongqi shows that the temperature of alchemy should be adjusted with the moon's surplus and deficiency every month. But there are two kinds of fire, slow fire and fierce fire. Reducing carbon is slow fire, adding carbon is fierce fire; Within a month, use slow fire in the first half and fierce fire in the second half; One year, after the winter solstice, use slow fire, and after the summer solstice, use strong fire. Alchemy is needed to master the temperature according to the ups and downs of yin and yang forces in nature.

There are three kinds of "theory of accepting armor" in Shenshenqi, which explains the process of alchemy and fire transport, so it is called "theory of accepting armor in the moon body"

The first one is sixty hexagrams, which means that a month will be divided into sixty days and nights, six hexagrams, and fire will be used every morning and evening.

The second is the gossip theory, which uses the moon's profit and loss to explain the use of fire in January, uses two hexagrams to represent the sun and the moon, and uses the remaining six hexagrams to represent the moon's profit and loss process. Every gossip is accompanied by heavenly stems and earthly branches.

The third is the twelve hexagrams, which represent the ups and downs of Yin and Yang (Fu, Lin, Tai, Da, Bi, Gan, Bi, Dun, Nothing, Guan, Pi and Kun).

The Divine Power Device uses these twelve hexagrams to cooperate with the twelve heavenly stems to explain the procedure of using fire for one month or one year. The relationship between the five elements is also used to explain the process that lead and mercury react and transform into elixir when heated.

The theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements is the backbone of Han Dynasty thought, so we can see the background of Taoism, as well as the elements of Taoism, Yin-Yang and Five Elements and Confucianism.

2. Taiping Jing:

This book is the earliest Taoist classic, and the history of Taiping Jing can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty. According to Han Shu, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Gan Zhong, a native of Qi, wrote the Taiping Jing of Tianguan Baoliyuan.

Taiping Jing was written by Ji et al. when it was produced by Emperor Anshun in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Later, Xiang Kai presented it to the imperial court during the reign of Emperor Huan. There were 170 original volumes, and now there are 57 Taoist scriptures.

The purpose of Taiping Jing is to rejuvenate the country and expand the art of future generations. It's about "qi" to raise longevity, and it's the way of life existence and longevity. "Too calm? De Gubian said, "The three qi * * * are the root of God, the essence, the spirit and the qi. These three qi * * * are the qi of people in this world. God is subject to heaven, essence to the earth, qi to neutralization, and * * *. Therefore, god takes advantage of qi and is good at it, and the three help each other to rule together. An old friend who wants to live a long life should love gas, respect God and value essence. Explain that "spirit" is the foundation of human life. "Too calm? The Ministry of Non-Governmental Affairs said: "People are all in harmony with the spirit. Form dominates death, and spirit dominates life; If you stay together all the time, you will be lucky, if you go, you will be fierce; Without spirit, you will die; with spirit, you will live. One can last forever. 」

The "God" in history has made new progress in Taiping Jing, so the essence of "God" is closely related to human behavior and human body. But "spirit" has good and evil, good and bad, and so does the human spirit; Because the essence of spirit determines the good and evil of human behavior, sex has a great relationship with life. The nature of human behavior can also make the spirit of corresponding nature enter the body, and the spirit can enter and leave the body, giving the spirit the characteristics of personality god, which is manifested in the spirit of personality god.

In fact, there are so-called "gods of human body" and "gods of five internal organs" in human body. The supervisor is called "watchdog" and is the god who supervises the fault of behavior. This kind of god is called "Six Commanding Gods" in Taiping Jing, which proves that the five zang-organs gods also have a commanding role (so-called "you know what I know").

The gods of the five internal organs "heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney" correspond to the exposition of seeking immortality with form and spirit in Taiping Jing. The so-called "spiritual behavior, God's will, God's control" is based on this exposition. It also includes three kinds of "keeping god", "making god" and "returning god". Keeping God has two meanings:

First, keep the existing spirit in the body, and don't lose or drift away from the body.

Second, keeping god can prevent evil spirits from making trouble in the body.

"To God" is to prevent external spirits from invading the station.

The object of "returning to God" is the spirit in the body but temporarily out of the body. By returning to the spirit, it will return to the human body and conform to its own body shape, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating diseases and long vision. This method focuses on "thinking". When you think about God, you should hang these gods in a quiet room for meditation, wear the symbols of God, and swallow the Dan book.

The concept of "forbearance" in Taiping Jing is also an important concept in the history of Taoism, which explains the consequences of human behavior. Because a good person will get bad results, and evil will get good results. This problem is considered by Taiping Jing to be caused by "inheritance". "Commitment" means that people's experience in this life is influenced by the behavior of their predecessors, and the behavior in this life will also bring happiness to the younger generation; Inheritor comes first, loser comes last. The book "Xie Shi Strategy" says: "Commitment is to warn people to do good things for future generations and avoid the burden of responsibility; I can do good deeds, or I can be relieved of the burden. 」

3. Zhuangzi:

Taoist classics. Zhou addressed to Zhouzhuang. Also known as the South China True Classics, there are 33 articles in the book, most of which use fables to illustrate philosophy, and there are also many discussions about Qigong. Such as "heel rest", "broken heart", "sitting and forgetting", "Du Si Jing" and "rest Jing" have great influence on later generations.

4. Examples:

Taoist classics. Lieyu Kou written for Zhou. Also known as "Xu Chong's Virtue of Zhen Jing", this book has eight articles. It is based on thinkers who are "empty" and "dead", and its purpose is the same as that of Laozi and Zhuangzi. Many explanations in the book are related to qigong health preservation, which is valued by later qigong.

5. Yin Fu Jing:

Taoist classics. This was written by the Yellow Emperor. It is called the Yinyin Sutra of the Yellow Emperor. Since Li Zhi's public dissemination in the Tang Dynasty, this book has attracted the attention of Taoist scholars, each with his own experience, and now there are more than 40 kinds of annotations. Some discussions in the book are of guiding significance to qigong health preservation.

6. Huang Tingjing:

Classic works of Taoist Qigong. There are three kinds of books: Huang Ting Interior, Huang Ting Exterior and Huang Ting Middle Scene, each with one volume. Neijing was written in the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty, Waijing was written in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Zhongjing was written in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It is produced on the basis of "internal" and "external" classics. The theories of "Three Huangting" and "Three Dantian" put forward in Huang Ting Jing originated from the trinity theory in Taiping Jing. Huang Ting went to the abdomen, pointing to the brain, and was the Lord of the gods; The middle yellow court is the middle abdomen, which refers to the heart in the body and is the basis of the viscera; Xiahuangting means Xiadantian, which refers to Guanyuan point under the umbilicus. It is the gateway of Yin and Yang and the lifeblood of essence. As long as you think of Huang Ting and practice the alchemy field, you will be able to consolidate your foundation and cultivate Yuan, and live forever. The specific methods are different.

7, "Bao Puzi":

Taoist classics. Twenty volumes. Written by Ge Hong in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The second book includes Taoist theory, immortal prescription, ghost change, health and longevity, etc. , is a comprehensive work of Taoism. The book expounds the theory of immortality and provides various internal training and health preservation methods since the pre-Qin period. Among them, the content of Qigong is embodied in Duiguan, Zhi Li, Shichi, Miscellaneous Camp and Ground Array. The Inner Chapter of Bao Puzi in Ming Dynasty, with a volume of Biezhi attached at the end, is devoted to explaining and guiding the classics, which is a qigong monograph with great reference value.

8. Jingjing:

Taoist classics. The full name is "Taishang Laojun says it will always be quiet and wonderful". A roll. Tang Dynasty works, not writers. Based on Laozi's "quietness", this sutra holds that if people can be quiet, they can gain the Tao and live in the world for many years. The only way to get peace is to look up at the sky.

9. Heart Sutra:

Taoist classics. The full name is "Tai Shang Lao Jun Shuo Xin Jing". A roll. Tang dynasty works. Don't write people. The book holds that "the heart is the Lord of God, and the movement is born from the heart". Only from a calm mind can cultivation succeed.

10, secret classic:

Taoist classics. Also known as "yin" A roll. Tang Dynasty works, not writers. This sutra was written to explain the Yinfu Sutra.