Is there any interesting place in Xi 'an?

Wild goose pagoda; Dayan Pagoda; Giant Wild Goose Pagoda

Dayan Pagoda; Giant Wild Goose Pagoda

Jionji was founded in the 9th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 589), formerly known as Wuliu Temple. In the 22nd year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 648), when Li Zhi, Tang Gaozong, was a prince, his mother, Empress Wende, died young. In order to repay the kindness of the loving mother, the temple was rebuilt, so it was named Daxian Temple. It is said that Emperor Gaozong visited Zhien Temple from Hanyuan Temple every day. In the Tang Dynasty, Jeju was very large, with 13 courtyards and 1897 houses. Yun Ge Temple is very luxurious. After the demise of the Tang Dynasty, Zhenzhi gradually decayed and perished. Most of the present temple buildings were rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty.

In order to invite the famous master Xuanzang to preside over the Hall of Heroes in the Tang Dynasty, a prayer room was specially ordered to be built in the hall. From 648 to 658, Master Xuanzang devoted himself to the translation of Ji 'an Sutra, founded the Ci 'en Sect, a major sect of Buddhism in China, also known as the Knowing Sect or the Faxiang Sect, and wrote the immortal masterpiece "The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang". Xuanzang translated scriptures in Ji 'an 12 years. Emperor Taizong and Prince Taizong wrote "Preface to the Three Monks in Datang" and "Preface to the Three Monks" for his translation of Buddhist scriptures, praising his dedication to the Buddhist cause. These two articles were written by Chu Suiliang, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, and carved into inscriptions, which are still embedded in the west side of the south gate at the bottom of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

In 652 AD, Xuanzang asked to build a pagoda in the temple to preserve Buddhist scriptures and statues brought back from India. Designed by Xuanzang himself, the tower is five stories high and about 60 meters high. The brick surface and soil core are unattainable, the brick joints behind them are covered with vegetation, and the tower collapses. In 70 1-704, when Wu Zetian was in power, it was rebuilt and raised to 10 floor. After being destroyed by the war, it was renovated and changed to 7 floors in 930-933 AD. Now, after this renovation, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda still maintains its original appearance, with a height of 64 meters.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda was generally called the Ci 'en Temple Pagoda. Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a customary name for later generations. There are different opinions about the name of the Wild Goose Pagoda. It is said that Xuanzang lived in Mahayana Buddhist temple when he was studying in India. Indian Buddhism is divided into Mahayana and Hinayana. Mahayana is a vegetarian and eats meat. There is a Hinayana Hall near Xuanzang's temple. One day, the monks in the temple were worried because they couldn't eat meat. It happened to be the Bodhisattva's giving day. A monk looked up at the sky and sighed, "A bodhisattva with great kindness and wisdom will never forget what this day is!" Just then, a flock of geese flew in, and the first goose fell to the ground and died. All the monks were amazed, thinking that the bodhisattva appeared and let them eat its meat to satisfy their hunger. Since then, monks in the whole temple have stopped eating meat and converted to Mahayana Buddhism. They also built a tower where the geese landed, named "Wild Goose Pagoda". The Big Wild Goose Pagoda was designed and built by Xuanzang according to India's "Big Wild Goose Pagoda". In order to celebrate Buddhism and commemorate Xuanzang, people later called Ci 'en Pagoda "Wild Goose Pagoda". However, according to scholars' research, the pagoda was called "Gendi" in the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty and "Wild Goose Pagoda" in the Tang Dynasty, so the name of Wild Goose Pagoda was transliterated from Sanskrit "Gendi". Half a century later, Jianfu Temple Tower was completed, with two opposite towers and different styles. Because Jianfu Temple Pagoda is smaller than Big Wild Goose Pagoda, people call it Big Wild Goose Pagoda and change Jianfu Temple Pagoda into Small Wild Goose Pagoda.

The name of the Wild Goose Pagoda began in the early Tang Dynasty and became a law in the Shenlong period of Tang Zhongzong. Literati in the Tang Dynasty, after being admitted to the Jinshi, must climb the Wild Goose Pagoda to write poems and leave their names under the Wild Goose Pagoda. The title of Big Wild Goose Pagoda is considered as a great honor in life. Bai Juyi wrote a poem when he climbed the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, saying that "Cienta is the youngest among seventeen people", which reflected his joy and pride in his success as a teenager.

Admission: 25 yuan, Denta 20 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.

Small Wild Goose Pagoda

Small Wild Goose Pagoda

Originally the residence of Princess Xiangcheng, the daughter of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, it was changed to a temple in the first year of Li Dan in Tang Ruizong (AD 684). One hundred days after Li Zhi's death in Tang Gaozong, the consorts of the royal family built it for praying, so it was called the Hall of Blessing, and later Wu Zetian renamed it "Jianfu Hall".

Jianfu Temple is the translation office of the famous monk Yijing in Tang Dynasty. In 67 1 year, he went to India by boat to seek dharma, which lasted more than 20 years and traveled to more than 30 countries. In 695, he returned to China with 400 Sanskrit scriptures. He translated 56 classics in Jianfu Temple, and wrote Biography of Great Monks in the Western Regions of Datang and Biography of Law in the South China Sea. This book can be regarded as a companion of Xuanzang's The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang, which provides valuable information for future generations to study the cultures of China, Indian and Indonesian countries.

Jianfu Temple was built in Li Yuannian (AD 707), with a height of *** 15 and a height of about 45 meters. It was built by the master of Yijing to preserve the Buddhist scriptures brought back from India. The above table requests the imperial court to contribute. The tower body is from bottom to top, and each floor shrinks in turn, getting smaller and smaller. It is a typical brick tower with dense eaves. There is a floor-standing spiral staircase in the tower, which can be climbed. The shape of the tower is beautiful and exquisite, which embodies the majestic spirit of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Ci 'en Temple. Because of its small scale, it is commonly known as Little Wild Goose Pagoda.

In A.D. 1487, an earthquake of magnitude 6 occurred in Shaanxi, and the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was shattered. After a lapse of 34 years, namely 152 1 year, another earthquake occurred in Shaanxi, and the cracks in the tower closed and recovered as before. People are puzzled, so they call the closure of Little Wild Goose Pagoda "divine union". 1555 In September, a Beijing official named Wang He stayed at Little Wild Goose Pagoda on his way home. After listening to a strange story told by monk Kang Guang who witnessed this "heavenly alliance", he was greatly surprised and engraved this historical material on the north lintel of Little Wild Goose Pagoda. When the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was restored after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was discovered that it was not a "divine alliance" but a "human alliance". It turns out that according to the geological conditions in Xi 'an, ancient craftsmen specially built the tower foundation into a semi-circular sphere with rammed earth, and the pressure was evenly dispersed after the earthquake, which made the Little Wild Goose Pagoda stand tall after more than 70 earthquakes, and people could not help but admire the superb architectural skills of the ancient craftsmen in China.

There is a big iron clock cast in the Jin Dynasty (A.D. 1 192) in the Little Wild Goose Pagoda. The clock is 4.5 meters high, with a mouth circumference of 7.4 meters and a weight of 10 ton. It was moved into the temple from Wugong County during Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. The bell is crisp and pleasant, and 10 can be heard clearly both inside and outside. It is called the "God Bell". It is said that if you miss your relatives far away, you only need to write down their names and places on a yellow note and stick it on the bell, which will spread your thoughts to your relatives thousands of miles away. In ancient times, every morning, the monks in the temple would ring the bell on time, and the bell shocked the whole city.

Zhu Jiyi, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in his inscription: "first frost comes at dawn, the moon sets late, the dreams are shattered, and the wonders of the Millennium are often boundless." This is a vivid portrayal of "Wild Goose Pagoda Morning Bell", one of the eight famous scenic spots in Chang 'an.

Admission: 18 yuan, Climbing Tower 10 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 17: 00.

Bell tower and drum tower

Bell Tower & Drum Tower

Located at the intersection of Xi 'an's prosperous east, west, south and north streets, it was called "Bell Tower" in ancient times. Since its completion, the bell tower has been regarded as a symbol of the western Xi, and now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in Shaanxi Province.

The bell tower was built in 1384, and was originally located in Xiang Ying Temple West Street. At that time, it was the center of Xi. In A.D. 1582, Xi 'an City was expanded, and the bell tower was located in the west of the city, so the original bell tower was demolished and rebuilt in the middle of the expanded Xi 'an City (that is, the present position). Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, was born in poverty and his parents died young, so he had to herd sheep for others and later became a monk. When he became emperor, he was afraid that the real dragon emperor would compete with him all over the country, so he ordered the construction of bell towers everywhere to suppress the dragon god. Since ancient times, the imperial countries in the central part of Qin have been full of dragon souls, and Zhu Yuanzhang is certainly more afraid. Therefore, the bell tower in Xi 'an was not only built early, but also built high.

The bell tower base is square, covering an area of 1377.4 square meters, with a height of 8.6 meters and a width of 35.5 meters, all made of blue bricks. The building is a brick-wood structure with a height of 36 meters. There are three double eaves outside and only two inside. The four corners of the eaves are covered with roofs, and the eaves are decorated with painted arches. "Dougong" is one of the characteristics of ancient wooden buildings in China, and it is also unique in the history of world architecture. It can not only make the building stronger, but also more beautiful.

Away from the bell tower, you can see another magnificent ancient building, the Drum Tower, which is located half a mile northwest of the bell tower. It was built in 1380, four years earlier than the bell tower. There is a big drum hanging in the front building, which, when struck at night, forms "morning bell" and "dusk drum" with the bell tower (one of the eight scenic spots in Chang 'an), so it is called Drum Tower. Later, it was no longer used to tell the time, but only used at the end of the war.

The foundation area of Gulou building is 1924 square meters, the foundation is 34 meters high, and the foundation is blue bricks. This building is rectangular. The exterior is three-drop, double-eaves, with two floors inside, and the outer eaves are decorated with bucket arches. There are cloisters around, painted with gold inside and outside, resplendent and magnificent.

Admission: Bell Tower 25 yuan, Drum Tower 15 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00-22: 00.

Huajue lane mosque

The Great Mosque in Huajue Lane

Huajiexiang Mosque is the main place for more than 6,543,800 Muslims to carry out religious life, and it is also a key cultural relic protection unit in Shaanxi Province. This mosque does not have the grand dome, towering minarets and dazzling Arabic patterns of the Arab Islamic mosque. This temple is full of pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings. From design and construction to artistic modeling, it has both the traditional style of the Chinese nation and the style and characteristics of Islamic temples.

Huajue Lane Mosque is the largest mosque in Xi and one of the earliest, largest and most well-preserved mosques in China. According to the inscription on the creation of the mosque, it was built in 742 AD, but judging from the architectural style of the temple, it may have been built in the Ming Dynasty. There are four courtyards in the whole temple, covering an area of 12000 square meters and a construction area of nearly 4000 square meters. The wooden archway in the front yard was built at the beginning of17th century, about 9 meters high, with glazed tile roof and cornices at different angles. It was well preserved more than 360 years ago.

Islam in our country has the same customs as Islam in other parts of the world. They worship five times a day, at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk and at night.

Tickets: 15 yuan

Business hours: 08: 00- 17: 00.

city wall

city wall

As early as before the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, when Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Huizhou, a hermit named Zhu Sheng told him to "build a high wall, accumulate grain widely, and slow down to be king". Zhu Yuanzhang adopted these opinions. After the national reunification, he ordered all counties to build cities generally. Zhu Yuanzhang thought that "there are mountains and rivers in the world, and the Qin Zhong is in danger." Xi 'an ancient city wall was built in this upsurge of city building, presided over by Governor Pu Ying, and expanded on the basis of the old city of Tang Dynasty.

After the expansion of the Ming Dynasty, the Xi 'an city wall was 12m high,12-14m wide at the top,15-18m wide at the bottom and13.7km in circumference. Every 120 meters of the city wall, an enemy platform is built, which protrudes outside the city wall. This is specially designed for shooting enemies who climb the city. There are 98 enemy towers on the city wall, on which enemy towers are stationed.

On the outside of the city wall, there are battlements, also known as battlements. In 5984, there was a crib for archery and lookout. The inner low wall is called the female wall, and there is no crib to prevent soldiers from falling when walking.

The original Xi 'an city wall was completely rammed with layers of loess, and the bottom layer was rammed with a mixture of soil, lime and glutinous rice paste juice, which was extremely hard. Later, the inner and outer walls and the top of the whole city wall were made of blue bricks. In Qing Dynasty, Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi Province, repaired and strengthened the city wall. At the top of the city wall, there is a puddle made of blue bricks every 40-60 meters for drainage, which plays a very important role in the long-term protection of Xi 'an ancient city wall.

Admission: 40 yuan.

Business hours: 8: 00- 18: 00.

8: 00 -2 1 point in summer

Xi anbeilin museum

XI anbeilin museum

Xi 'an Beilin Museum (formerly Shaanxi Provincial Museum) is a quadrangle-style building, located in the former site of Confucius Temple in Xi 'an Sanxue Street, covering an area of 30,000 square meters. The exhibition is divided into two parts: "Xi 'an Stele Forest" and "Stone Carving Art". . 1950 expanded into a museum.

Xi 'an Forest of Steles was founded in A.D. 1087. It is the earliest and largest existing treasure house of ancient forest of steles in China, with more than 0/000 pieces of inscriptions from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty on display. There are many stone tablets here, hence the name "Forest of Steles".

Xi 'an Forest of Steles was developed on the basis of preserving the stone scriptures of the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, people called it The Book of Songs, which was written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and The Book of Songs in Kaicheng, which was carved in 873 AD. The name of "Forest of Steles" was determined in Qing Dynasty. The forest of steles now contains more than 3,000 steles from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, which are displayed in 7 exhibition rooms, with 6 epitaphs and steles 1 piece.

The first showroom of Beilin mainly displays the Book of Songs in Kaicheng, including Zhouyi, Shangshu, The Book of Songs, Zhou Li, Yili, Book of Rites, Biography of Zuo Family in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Yang Gong in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Gu Liang in Spring and Autumn Period, The Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety. More than 30,000 words in the block-printed edition of Mencius in Qing Dynasty 17 are well displayed here, which are collectively called Thirteen Classics. 12 Confucian classics are required books for intellectuals in feudal society.

The second exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays the inscriptions written by famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, which has always been a model for people to learn calligraphy, including the Huangfu birthday tablet written by calligrapher Ou Yangxun in the early Tang Dynasty, the Daoyin master tablet written by Ouyang Tong, son of Ou Yangxun, known as Xiao Ouyang, the multi-pagoda tablet and Yanshi temple tablet written by Yan Zhenqing, and Xuanzang written by Liu Gongquan in the late Tang Dynasty.

The third exhibition room of the forest of steles preserved precious inscriptions of various styles from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty (206 BC-BC 1279), including seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. Through these inscriptions, we can understand the evolution of Chinese characters.

The fourth exhibition room of the forest of steles preserves the original poems and songs of calligraphers from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, as well as inscriptions with precious historical value in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as some line drawings from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.

The fifth exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays stone tablets describing the historical facts of repairing temples, recording merits, repairing canals and compiling cities in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is a reference material for studying contemporary society and local history. In addition, there are large-scale inscriptions such as "Tiger", "Shou" and "Fu" written by Ma Dezhao in Qing Dynasty, which are magnificent and magnificent, giving visitors beautiful enjoyment.

The inscriptions displayed in the sixth exhibition room of Beilin are mostly poems of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the Monument to Tiantai Mountain by Zhao Meng in Yuan Dynasty, the Monument to Zhang Sheng of Moling Hotel by Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty, the Book of Mi Fei to Wu He by Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and the Poem of Huashan by Lin Zexu are all very precious.

The seventh showroom of Beilin is a newly-built showroom of 1982, which is dedicated to preserving the secret pavilion stickers of Chunhua in Song Dynasty. Epitaphs from Wei, Jin and Qing dynasties are displayed on the stele forest corridor.

The stone carving art room was built in 1963. It collects more than 70 stone carvings scattered in Shaanxi from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, which are divided into two categories: tomb stone carvings and religious stone carvings, and are displayed here in chronological order.

Admission: 30 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.

Shaanxi History Museum

Shaanxi History Museum

Shaanxi History Museum has a collection of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi 1 13000 pieces (groups), with an exhibition area of 1 100 square meters. It is divided into three parts: Shaanxi ancient history exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition.

Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition shows more than 3,000 treasures discovered and unearthed in Shaanxi, which are divided into seven parts: prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and are displayed in three exhibition halls. Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition is the basic exhibition of Shaanxi History Museum, which vividly and systematically shows the ancient history of Shaanxi from 1 15000 years ago to 1840.

Tickets: 35 yuan.

Business hours: 8: 00- 18: 00.

Banpo Ruins Museum

Banpo museum

Banpo site is a typical matriarchal clan commune village site, belonging to Yangshao culture. More than 400 such relics have been found in Guanzhong area of the Yellow River Basin, so the Yellow River Basin is called the cradle of ancient culture in China.

Yangshao culture is a Neolithic culture in China, which is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. 192 1 was first discovered in Yangshao Village, Mianchi, Henan Province, hence its name. Yangshao culture belongs to the heyday of matriarchal clan commune system. Because a large number of painted pottery are often found in Yangshao cultural sites, it is also called painted pottery culture. According to the carbon-14 method, Yangshao culture in the whole Central Plains is about 5000-3000 BC.

Banpo site was discovered by accident during the construction in the spring of 1953, with an existing area of about 50,000 square meters, which is divided into three parts: residential area, pottery-making area and burial area. From the autumn of 1954 to the summer of 1957, five excavations were carried out. Excavation area 10000 square meters, * * * found 46 house sites, 2 pens, more than 200 cellars for storing articles, 74 adult tombs 174 children's urns and coffins, 6 pottery kiln sites, and a large number of production tools and household appliances. It vividly shows us the production and life scenes of Banpo ancestors who were in the prosperous period of matriarchal clan society more than 6000 years ago.

The first exhibition hall mainly displays the production tools found in Banpo site, including stone tools, fishing gear, grooved wheels, bone needles, fishhooks, harpoons, etc., from which we can understand various scenes of Banpo people's production activities.

The cultural relics exhibited in the second exhibition hall reflect the social life, culture and art, and various inventions and creations of Banpo people.

Tickets: 20 yuan

Business hours: 08: 30- 17: 00.

Qin Shihuang Mausoleum Site Museum

Qin Shihuang Mausoleum Museum

Terracotta warriors and horses horse

1In March, 974, villagers in Xiyang Village, Yanzhai Township, Lintong District accidentally found many broken pottery figurines while digging a well at the east of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum 1.5km. According to the detection of archaeologists, this is a rectangular pit of Qin terracotta warriors and horses. By drilling in 1976, two terracotta warriors and horses pits were discovered 20 meters and 25 meters north of the pit. According to the time when they were discovered, they were named Terracotta Warriors 1 Pit, Pit 2 and Pit 3. The total area of the three pits is 22,780 square meters.

The plane of No.1 pit is rectangular, with a length of 230m from east to west, a width of 62m and a depth of 5m, with a total area of 14260m2. It is a tunnel-type civil building structure, with five inclined doorways at the east and west ends respectively. There is a rammed earth partition wall with a width of 10 of 2.5m in the tunnel, on which there are thick beams and reeds, fine mud and earth. The bottom is paved with blue bricks. The terracotta warriors and horses in pit 1 are arranged according to the actual combat formation. At the eastern end of the pit is a long corridor, with three rows of warriors facing east, each with 70 people, ***2 10 with crossbows. They are the vanguard of the No.1 pit army array. There is a row of warriors facing south in the south of the corridor, which is the right wing, and a row of warriors facing north in the north, which is the left wing. There is a line of warriors facing west in the west, who are defenders. Armed with long-range weapons, such as crossbows, they are on alert for the whole army. In the 10 tunnel separated by the 10 partition wall, there are 38 trains facing east, and there are chariots in the middle of each road. Terracotta warriors and horses all wear armor and carry long weapons. They are the main force of pit one. There are 27 exploration points in No.1 pit. According to the density of terracotta warriors and horses arranged in each exploration point, more than 6,000 terracotta warriors and horses can be unearthed after all excavations, most of which are infantry.

To the north of the eastern end of pit No.1 is pit No.2, with an arc-shaped plane and an area of 6,000 square meters. This is a typical four units composed of four arms. It is estimated that more than 350 terracotta warriors and horses for driving, 100 pommel horses for cavalry, nearly 1000 warrior figures and 89 wooden chariots can be unearthed. It is a rectangular army array composed of infantry, cavalry, light car and mixed arms. This is made up of a small row of hooks. The first small phalanx is the Red Fighter Array, which is the protruding part of the large barrel to the east of the figurine pit. There are 330 red soldiers. Among them, about 160 armored kneeling figurines are divided into eight columns in the center of the array, and the periphery is covered by 170 standing figurines. When you get cold feet, you can take turns shooting in both standing and kneeling positions, making it difficult for the enemy to get close. The second small array, the southern half of the figurine pit, including holes 1 to 8, consists of 64 chariots, each of which has an imperial guard and two soldiers, and is not subordinate to the infantry, so it has high running speed and assault capability. The third small array, in the middle of the Terracotta Warriors Pit, includes holes 9 to 1 1, and is a column composed of chariots, infantry and cavalry. Based on 19 chariots, supplemented by more than 260 infantry, 8 cavalry and 6 cavalry were produced. The fourth small array, the northern half of the figurine pit, includes 12, and then four holes. It is a cavalry formation consisting of six chariots, 124 pommel horse and cavalry figurines. Four units are organically connected to form a large array, or four independent small arrays can be formed separately, which can be attacked and defended, with strong self-protection ability and quick response. Three of the four units in the No.2 pit were equipped with chariots, which accounted for more than half of the entire army array, proving that chariots were the main force of manual operations in Qin Dynasty.

The third pit is 25 meters west of the second pit and 25 meters north of the first pit, with a concave plane and an area of 520 square meters. There are only four horses, 1 car and 68 clay figurines. To its east is an inclined doorway, which is 1 1.2m long and 3.7m wide. Corresponding to the door is a carriage house, and there is an east-west wing on both sides of the carriage house, namely a south wing and a north wing. * * * 64 pottery figurines were unearthed. The arrangement of these terracotta figures is different from pits 1 and 2. The terracotta warriors and horses in pits 1 and 2 are arranged in battle formation, while the warrior figures in pit 3 are arranged in the opposite lanes around the city wall. The weapons held by the warriors in pit 3 are also different from those held by the warriors in pits 1 and 2. The latter is equipped with long-range crossbows, spears, bows, cymbals and swords. In the melee, only one kind of bladeless weapon-copper paddle was found in the third pit. In the Qin dynasty, the iron wall was a weapon specially used for ritual purposes. In the north wing, there is also a piece of residual antlers and a pile of animal bones. It may be a place dedicated to pre-war divination or prayer activities. Looking at the overall layout of the No.3 pit, it may be the headquarters of the entire underground army array-the military curtain.

Pottery figurines vary in weight from 1.78m to 1.97m, ranging from less than 1 10kg to 300 kg. In order to keep the center of gravity of tall pottery figurines balanced, Qin craftsmen added a pedal at the foot of each pottery figurine to make the standing pottery figurines more stable.

The most striking weapon is a bronze sword. After more than 2000 years, its surface has not rusted, and it is still extremely sharp and bright as new. It can cut through 20 sheets of paper at a time. It was identified as a Cu-Sn alloy, containing more than 65,438+00 other rare metals. There are 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05 micron oxide layers of chromium-containing compounds on the surface, which indicates that it has been treated by chromate oxidation technology. Chromium plating technology was invented by Germans in 1930s, but China began to chromium plate weapons more than 2,000 years ago, which is really amazing.

1February, 980, two large painted bronze chariots and horses were excavated 20 meters west of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum. According to the order of discovery, the quilts were woven into 1 No.2 bronze chariots and horses. These two riders are single-axis four horses, arranged longitudinally in front and back. The first car should be an ancient "high car", on which royal officials and passengers were standing. Car number two is called "Che 'an", also called "Riding Beijing". It is divided into a front imperial room and a rear guest room, separated by a car wall. The driver sits in the front royal room and the owner sits in the back passenger room. Car No.2 is equipped with 1500 pieces of gold and silver components and ornaments, which looks gorgeous and rich. Probably traveling for the soul of Qin Shihuang. Car No.1 is equipped with crossbows, arrows and shields, and the driver wears an official hat, which shows that these cars are used to protect the safety of car No.2 behind.

Copper chariots and horses are made according to real cars, real horses and real people everywhere. Except for about half the size of real cars, real horses and real people, others are no different from real cars, real horses and real people. The size of bronze chariots and horses is assembled from 3400 parts. The length of the car is 3. 17m, the height of the car is1.06m. The height of the bronze horse is 65-67cm, the length is1.2m, and the weight varies from177kg to 212.9kg.. The total weight of vehicles, horses and people is 1243 kg. The main body is made of bronze. Gold and silver ornaments for horses and chariots 1720 pieces, with a total weight of 7kg. Copper chariots and horses are the earliest, most complete, highest-level and most exquisite bronze treasures discovered in China, and also the largest bronze wares discovered in the world.

Admission: 90 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.

Huaqing hot spring

Huaqing Hot Spring

Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of Mount Li and has been a bath since ancient times. According to reports, "Li Palace" was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Qin Dynasty, a pool was made of stone and named "Lishantang". The Han dynasty expanded to "leaving the palace". Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, once built a "hot spring palace" here. In 747 AD, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the construction of a palace around the mountain. The palace was built along with the city and changed to Huaqing Palace, and its Tang Chi was also called Huaqing Pool, which has been in use ever since.

Huaqing pool water can cure diseases, which was discovered more than 2000 years ago. It is said that Qin Shihuang met the "goddess" here and wanted to be rude. The goddess was angry and spat in his face, which immediately made her sour. At first, the emperor was afraid and was busy making confession. The goddess asked him to heal with hot spring water. In the past, the emperor built palaces here, feasting and having fun. In the Tang Dynasty, every October, Emperor Xuanzong took his sister Yang Guifei to Huaqing Palace and didn't return to Chang 'an until the following spring.

Huaqingchi in the Tang Dynasty was destroyed by "An Shi Rebellion". Now Huaqing Pool is only a small part of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty. The Huaqing Pool we see today was rebuilt and expanded on the basis of reconstruction in Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 85,560 square meters.

Entering the west gate of Huaqing Pool, you can see Jiulong Pool, Lotus Soup and Feishuangtang, all of which were restored and rebuilt according to the architectural style of Tang Dynasty 1959.

Feishuang Hall is the bedroom of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. At that time, in the Tang Chi in front of the temple, the fog rose all day. Whenever winter snow falls, the jade dragon in the palace flies and is covered with frost, which flies in front of the temple and turns into frost, hence the name.

According to legend, there was a drought in Guanzhong in ancient times, and the jade emperor ordered the old dragon to lead eight little dragons to beg for rain. As soon as the drought was eliminated, the dragon paralysis relaxed, which led to the aggravation of the drought again. In a rage, the Jade Emperor put all the little dragons under the jade embankment, and pressed the morning pavilion and the evening pavilion at both ends of the embankment, so that all the little dragons could spit out clean water all day long and irrigate the fields for the people. He also pressed the old dragon under the Long Yin Pavilion on the top of the jade embankment, so that he could monitor the little dragon dutifully. Jiulongchi got its name from this.

The Jiuqu cloister on the west side of Jiulongchi is like a Zhou Shi floating on the water. On the stone boat is the imperial soup "Jiulong soup" of Emperor Xuanzong. At that time, Kowloon soup was made of white jade, and the shape of fish, dragons, flowers and birds was hidden on the stone surface. There is a lotus carved from white jade in the pool, and the spring water gushes from the urn and sprays on the lotus, so the royal soup is also called lotus soup. The water source of Lishan Hot Spring in Huaqing Pool and the former site of Xi 'an Incident are located in the east of Huaqing Pool.

Admission: 40 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.

Qianling Museum

Qianling Museum

Ganling is the mausoleum of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian in Tang Gaozong. Because it is in the northwest of Chang 'an, it is called Ganling. Tang Gaozong Li Zhi, the ninth son of Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin, was born in 628 AD. With the help of his mother's uncle Sun Chang Wuji, he was elected as the prince. Emperor Taizong ascended the throne after his death in 649 AD. Due to his infirmity, his real power is in the hands of Empress Wu Zetian. Emperor Taizong reigned for 34 years. In 683 AD, he died in Luoyang Guan Zhen Hall and was buried in Ganling.

Wu Zetian, born in Wenshui, Shanxi Province, took part in state affairs as soon as she became a queen. In 690, Wu Zetian called herself "Emperor of the Holy Spirit" and changed her name to "Zhou", becoming the only female emperor in the history of China.

Wu Zetian reigned for 2 1 year, and was born in Li Xian in 705. He was the emperor of Zhongzong. He was honored as "Emperor Zetian" and died in Luoyang Shangyang Palace soon, and was buried with Emperor Gaozong in Ganling.

Built in 684, Ganling is a well-preserved one among the eighteen tombs in the Tang Dynasty. The ground facilities of Ganling are mainly tomb stone carvings, mostly concentrated outside Zhuquemen. From the first pair of Tujue in the south to a pair of Huabiao in the north, a pair of winged horses and suzaku, five pairs of stone horses and ten pairs of stone men. There is a stone tablet outside the four gates of the inner city, and on the left is the "sacred monument". Because there are seven sections, it is called the "seven-section monument". The upper floor is a house-shaped monument, the middle five sections are a monument body, and the lower floor is a monument seat. The monument is 6.3 meters high and each side is 1.86 meters wide. More than 8,000 words were inscribed by Li Zhi, praising Li Zhi's literary martial arts. On the right is the Monument Without Words, which is the same height as the Monument to Record the Sage of Syria, with a width of 1.8m and a thickness of1.3m. Eight decapitated heads are engraved on the monument, and the lines on both sides are engraved with the big Long Yun pattern. At the beginning, the whole monument was not engraved with a word, so it was called "no word monument" The reason is that Wu Zetian's "great merit" takes the meaning of "people except fame" in the Analects of Confucius; One said that Wu Zetian was generous and set up this monument for future generations to comment on himself; There is also a saying that this monument was made by Tang Zhongzong. He was dissatisfied with Wu Zetian's arbitrariness, unwilling to compliment her against his will, and unwilling to criticize his mother as a son, so he made this monument. In any case, it is unique in the history of our country to erect a tablet without words in front of the imperial tomb.

Princess Yongtai, named Li Xianhui, is the granddaughter of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian, the seventh daughter of Li Xian, and married Wu Yanji, the nephew of Wu Zetian. He died in Luoyang in 70 1 at the age of 17. In 706, he was buried with Wu Yanji in the northern tableland of Ganxian County and with Ganling.

Prince Zhang Huai's mausoleum is located about 3 kilometers southeast of Ganling. Prince Zhang Huai is a famous saint, the second son of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian, and one of the most talented children of Emperor Gaozong.

The Ganling Museum, built according to Princess Yongtai's tomb, collects many cultural relics unearthed from the tombs of Ganling (mainly the tombs of Princess Yongtai, Prince Zhang Huai and Prince Yide). Although these three tombs were stolen from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, they still left a large number of funerary objects, such as ceramic utensils, tri-colored Tang Dynasty, figurines and epitaphs. Among the three-color horses, the largest is a horse unearthed from the tomb of King Huaizhang, which is 72 cm high and 80 cm long. Various tri-colored figurines have different postures and vivid shapes, among which dozens of armored horse-riding figurines are rare treasures among cultural relics.

Admission: Ganling 3 1 Yuan, 4 scenic spots * * * 84 yuan.

Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.

Famen Temple

Famen Temple

Famen Temple is a famous temple in ancient China, where the Buddhist relics of Sakyamuni were placed. Buddhism is the door that practitioners must enter. Famen Temple was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Famen Temple Tower, also known as the "True Body Tower", was built because of the tower and was named after the location where Sakyamuni's phalanx was buried. In 485 BC, after the death of Sakyamuni, India's Magadha peacock converted to Buddhism from Ashoka. In order to make the Buddha's light great, they divided the Buddha's bones into 84,000 pieces and buried them around the world, and built 84,000 towers. There are 19 pagodas in China, and Famen Temple Pagoda is one of them. Therefore, Famen Temple pagodas and temples have the reputation of "the ancestor of Guanzhong Pagoda Temple".