What is the Shibi culture of the Qiang people? Show the unique history and culture of Qiang nationality

Speaking of the word "stone wall", it is estimated that many friends will be unfamiliar, but friends of the Qiang nationality are familiar with it. Shibi is a folk name for wizards by Qiang people. In daily life, if someone is troubled by diseases, Shibi will convey spiritual and cultural information, so that patients can alleviate their pain. Shibi occupies a very important position in Qiang culture and has a great influence on Qiang history. Then let's learn about this culture together.

"Stone Wall" is called Duangong by the Han people, and the West Qiang people have several names for different places, such as Xu, Bi, and. Shibi is a strange and primitive religious and cultural phenomenon left over by the ancient Qiang people. He is the most authoritative cultural person and knowledge integrator among Qiang people.

Due to its special history, life changes, unique living environment and the constraints of production and life, the Qiang people gradually formed the worship of nature and ancestors, believed in the polytheistic belief of "animism", and on this basis, produced Shibi and Shibi culture represented by Shibi.

Shibi (Xu Shizhuo) is the title of Qiang folk wizard in Qiang language.

As we all know, the Qiang nationality is a people who believe in primitive religion and polytheism. According to the concept of Qiang people, they regard heaven and earth, sun and moon, mountains and rivers, trees and stones as gods, and firmly believe that there are countless powerful, majestic and sacred gods (including national ancestors and heroic gods) in nature to rule them. Under the control of this folk belief, the Qiang people have been good at witchcraft since ancient times, and have produced complete sets of rituals and national customs such as advocating sacrifices, coping with disasters, expelling epidemics, weddings and funerals, birth and death, and so on.

In Qiang society, there are rules for offering sacrifices to mountains, temples and prayers in the middle of the year, and they must be offered in a grand ceremony. In many sacrificial activities, there are not only a set of established rituals and rules, but also a respected and knowledgeable person who can preside over sacrificial ceremonies, be good at divination, exorcism, singing and dancing, chanting classics, and also create and perform poems, legends and plays with the stories of the above gods, ancestors and national heroes as the main sacrificial content. This kind of person is the so-called Shibi.

At the same time, in the daily life of Qiang people, ordinary people have diseases and think that there are ghosts and demons. Please explain that Bibi Jing asks God to drive away epidemics and exorcises, or use witchcraft (including witchcraft, witch doctors and unilateral herbs) to relieve pain. Shi Bi and its spiritual and cultural information have also had a great influence on the Qiang society. It can be seen that the so-called Shi Bi is a non-stop folk wizard who integrates social priests, wizards, divination, folk rap, song and dance and even drama performances in the Qiang society. It is a special product of Qiang society. Shibi and Shibi culture are also distinctive folk cultural phenomena in Qiang society.

There are different opinions about the origin of Shibi. It is generally believed that Shi Bi of Qiang nationality is the product of natural worship and animism belief in Qiang society. In ancient times, people did not understand the complicated phenomena such as thunder and lightning, hail, fire and water, birth and death, especially some natural disasters and human birth and death, which could not be explained. Therefore, it has always been believed that there is a supernatural power that dominates everything outside the human world. People can only worship, pray and pray for God's blessing in a very pious way to ensure the social security and prosperity of the Qiang people. In order to meet the needs of social ceremonies, a wizard who claims to be able to communicate with the gods and give people wishes has appeared in society. They presided over all the sacrificial ceremonies, prayed for Jinafu for people, drove away evil spirits and epidemics, and became saints with infinite power, which was respected and trusted by people.