Zhuji customs and culture, who knows?

Zhuji folk marriage customs

Different winds in ten miles, different customs in a hundred miles. A nation and a region have unique marriage customs.

Zhuji, once the old capital of Yue, has a history of more than 2,000 years, with profound cultural accumulation and historical inheritance. It can be said that the folk wedding customs in Zhuji not only have the common etiquette norms in China feudal society, but also have a unique cross-regional color.

First, blind date In the old countryside of Zhuji, when young men and women are sixteen or eighteen years old, even earlier, parents will have to worry about their children's marriage. However, these marriages must comply with the instrument of "parents' orders, media's words" and "six rites". (The so-called six gifts, namely: winning prizes, giving gifts to propose marriage; Ask the name, ask the woman's name and date of birth; Najib, a gift engagement; Take a levy and send a bride price; Invite the date and agree on the wedding date; Greet the bride. There is a record in the five-week commemorative album of Zhuji People's Daily that marriage is agreed by the media, and the woman's family writes a red note, and the woman's family replies with a "quasi-post". The date of birth is "Geng Tie", also known as "Japanese Tie".

In Zhuji Township, there are very few people who specialize in matchmaking. Some people call matchmaking "business outside the 36 th line." But people also believe that matchmaking is a good thing and can make people beautiful, so there are still many people who match the bridge. ; Japanese books call the matchmaker "Yue Lao". The countryside is called "big media" and "eat three pots and bottles". After liberation, it was also called "introducer".

Most of the matchmakers are entrusted by people to be matchmakers and frequently run between men and women. When the time is ripe, the matchmaker will ask both men and women for "Geng Tie", which is also commonly known as "Dragon and Phoenix Tie", that is, the names, places of origin and birthdays of both men and women will be sent to each other through the matchmaker. Then ask the fortune teller to tell fortune to see if the two birthdays coincide, and if they coincide, they will become one. This beautiful marriage has taken the first step.

After liberation, these complicated ceremonies were basically abolished, and the exchanges between young men and women between urban and rural areas and between units increased day by day. . But many young people will still find "references" to match the bridge and meet love. In rural areas, the two sides don't know much about each other, and there is also a blind date process. The so-called blind date has two ways: "seeing the girl" and "seeing others".

"Watching the girl" is the matchmaker who accompanies the young man to his girl's house. When the two sides meet, young men and women can look at each other's personalities and looks. Accompanied by the woman's father, uncle or brother, you can chat over tea, observe the man's manners and understand his character cultivation. When new guests come, they should treat themselves to a snack. This is no ordinary snack. If the woman is satisfied with the man, she will certainly present sweet glutinous rice balls to pray for the "reunion" of this marriage. If you don't like it very much, you can't tell what snacks it is.

"Taking care of others" means that girls visit men's homes. Usually, the woman's harem accompanies the girl in action. This is actually a comprehensive survey of the man's family economy, housing, environment and neighborhood relations. The success of marriage depends largely on this action. After 1980s, with the development of rural economy and the change of life concept, there are more and more contacts between girls and boys, and the exchange of thoughts and feelings is increasingly active. If you are in love, both parties know each other very well. The custom of "blind date" in the past will gradually withdraw from the historical stage.

The origin of "3929"

In the Ming dynasty, there was a village called Guanhu near Wangjiajing market, where a clever middle-aged man lived. This man walked through the East Village with a long vegetable basket all day, selling daily necessities such as "magenta thimble" or "thousand pieces of dried bean curd" that he bought wholesale from other places. Because he is eloquent and diligent, his business is really right.

But after a long time, the women in the village found that if they were not careful, they would be deceived by his sweet words and made a deal with this small vendor, and they were very unhappy.

One day, a peddler came to a small mountain village under Duniling to sell. A village girl came running happily and bought 9 bundles of green cotton thread from him, each with 3 copper coins. The village girl picked out the lines, one by one. Then he frowned, and the plan came to his mind. Everyone suspects that he is greedy for petty advantages and secretly plays tricks on him. Let me have a try today. So the village girl called boldly, "Guest, alas, 9 shares, 3 coppers 1 share." So 3929, right? "As she spoke, she handed over 25 copper coins folded into one piece. The peddler was filled with love when he heard this. He took the money and threw it into a small bamboo pocket with copper coins hidden in it. Walking to the alley, the village girl grabbed the long food basket of the small vendor and complained impatiently. She miscalculated and overpaid. As a matter of fact, the peddler had to return the overcharged two coppers. When he returned the two copper coins he thought he had overcharged, the village girl couldn't help smiling and solemnly said that there was no need to return them. I only gave you 25 coppers, and I have to make it up for you two! Because of greed, you don't count the money I gave you. Be honest next time!

Since then, Zhuji folks have used the phrase "March 29th" to satirize and reprimand those who want to be greedy for small profits, resulting in brain problems. Until now, it has been circulating endlessly.

Small customs in rural areas

Zhuji township is famous for its profound cultural accumulation, so the small customs scattered among the people also contain the charm of farming and reading. Although unknown, it has emerged in an endless stream and spread to this day. Choose one or two small customs to enjoy today.

▲ Whenever a relative sends an adult chicken (you can also buy it) to stay and raise it. Of course, housewives will grab the chicken with one hand, wrap it around the crotch for three or five times, and pick it up with both hands alternately. It is said that such entanglement can avoid the strange chicken from getting lost.

▲ In order to kill rats, cats, especially big cats, were introduced at home. Instead of sending the cat home directly, put the cat's arc-shaped cage in full bloom at the foot of the wall of the rear window, then put down a rope from the upstairs rear window, tie the arc-shaped cage firmly, then slowly hang it in the air, and then let the cat out with the arc-shaped cage to have a nice meal. A cat that goes through the window like this won't escape from its mother's house and sneak home.

Qingming wangdong

According to the folk custom of Zhuji, the daughter is newly married as a daughter-in-law, and the next year is Qingming, and parents have to carry things to visit their daughter. One is to show parents' deep love for their daughters, and the other is to have plastic surgery for their daughters.

There are many things worth looking forward to, besides some common crescent fruits and reunion fruits, there are many pomegranate fruits, which symbolize the reproduction of future generations and are passed down from generation to generation; There are sedan chair fruit, double cherry fruit and double-headed mandarin duck fruit, which means wishing the couple love each other and grow old together; There are peaches and ingots. I hope the older generation at home will live a long and healthy life. These gifts are combined with candy, fried rice cakes, water chestnuts, sugar cane and so on. Put it in a basket and pick it up by parents and brothers to their daughter's house.

Then during the Dragon Boat Festival, the bride's family will prepare mung bean cakes, tea eggs, May peaches, Dragon Boat Festival zongzi, and dozens of finely woven wheat straw fans to visit her daughter. The husband's family distributed the gifts picked by the husband's family to neighbors, close relatives and friends to show their sincere greetings of living in harmony and helping each other.

Celebrate your birthday.

Birthday and birthday celebration are important events in Zhuji custom. The so-called "birthday" is the title of 1 to 30 years old, and it can only be called "birthday" after 50 years old.

The birth of a baby is undoubtedly a great event for parents and elders. When they were one year old, grandma's family came to visit with clothes, shoes and hats, jiaozi, cakes, fruits and eggs. The host put the fruit and omelet in a small dish and gave it to the neighbors. Polite neighbors give back small money to show their congratulations, commonly known as "centenary money" To celebrate your birthday, one is to tell everyone the joy, and the other is to enhance the friendship between neighbors. After 10, at the age of 20, my grandparents or uncles and aunts sent some clothes, shoes and socks to celebrate. People aged 30 and 40 are generally busy, because they are in the golden age of life, career and family development, and their birthdays are ignored.

At the age of 50, if you become grandparents, your daughter and son-in-law will bring a basket head, clothes, shoes and hats at the age of 49 to show filial piety. Shouqing, who is sixty or seventy years old, is still very popular. The other is 63 years old, and there is a saying that "carp will cross the river beach". The son-in-law and daughter want to buy a big carp for their parents. My daughter is 66 years old and wants to send 66 pieces of braised pork to her parents, because there is an old saying in Zhuji called "Sixty-six, Master Yan wants to eat meat". It is said that only when the daughter respects such filial piety can the old man spend his life in disaster.

People in the village who are 80 or 90 years old are called long-lived old people. Of course, future generations are also happy to celebrate and the scene is lively.

The bride returned to the door.

The first time a married woman goes back to her parents' home is called "going back to her parents' home". Going back to the door is a deep sense of intimacy; The second is to greet parents' health.

The day after the bride got married, both husband and wife went to visit their parents-in-law with gifts. When the daughter comes home, the family is naturally overjoyed, accompanied by her half-brother son (son-in-law), and her parents-in-law often make home-cooked meals to entertain her new uncle. During the dinner, several elders and brothers were invited to accompany us. The elders often tell the young couple to treat each other with love and grow old together. Parents, on the other hand, teach their daughters to be husbands, to be diligent and to keep the house.

According to the ancient custom, the bride and son-in-law must wait until dark when they go home, but they must never spend the night at their father-in-law's house.

Spend the next year.

In places like Ma Jian and Narrow Narrow, there is a traditional habit to spend the first year in June.

Before the Lunar New Year, housewives are busy preparing all kinds of delicious food, such as killing chickens and ducks, steaming rice cakes, making steamed buns, frying melon seeds and peanuts. On the morning of the festival, the family went to the field with basket heads to thank Tian Gongtian for his bumper harvest. After breakfast, welcome old and new relatives, distant friends and close friends to go home for the holidays. At the lunch table, everyone was very happy to say hello to each other.

During the New Year, the host often invites relatives and friends to bring their friends home for the holidays. Because it is widely known who has many visitors, every household is full of guests on this day every year, ranging from one or two tables to four or five tables.

Off-year is a festival where relatives and friends get together for family talks. It is the same as the Spring Festival, where adults eat wine to receive visitors and children play freely, but it lacks many complicated etiquette of the Spring Festival, and more is the unrestrained closeness of relatives and friends when they get together.

Xi Shi Xiao Yu Tuan yuan pancake

This is a delicious food-Xishi Reunion Cake, which is very popular in the countryside along the Wuxie River in our city. It is a hand-made flat cake with pure refined flour and buckwheat flour as the skin and local radish, onion, pepper and fresh pork as the stuffing. Roasted with slow fire, it tastes delicious and is deeply loved by local people.

According to local people, this kind of cake originated from the goddess stone in our Zhuji people's hearts.

According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue competed for hegemony, and Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was defeated and surrendered, making every effort to make a comeback. In order to gain time, Gou Jian listened to the plan, confused Fu Cha with a honey trap, and gave the stunning beauty to the prince of Wu.

Shi was loved by Fu Tea when he was in Wu, but he never forgot his hometown and missed his parents and relatives. One winter, the sky was covered with ice and snow. Looking at his hometown on Lingshan Mountain, the stone felt homesick, and he couldn't help stroking the piano. The prince of Wu heard that he came to comfort the beauty and asked her why she was so sad and haggard.

With tears in her eyes, she told the king of Wu that it was almost the solstice winter, and she missed her parents who lived at the foot of Zhuluo Mountain and her grandparents who lived by the Wuxie River. When she is not in Wu, on this day, she will bake a silver round cake with her parents to visit her elderly grandparents. Now I am far away from my hometown, and I don't know if my elders are well-being. How can I not be sad?

After listening to Shi's words, Focha nodded happily: "The beauty's heart of respecting the elderly is sincere and admirable. You can make a' silver pancake' as scheduled, and I will send a fast horse to your hometown in Yueguo, which will not only fulfill your filial piety, but also solve your worries. "

When he saw the promise of the king of Wu, he felt relieved and raised his eyebrows.

A few days later, our grandparents really received "silver pancakes" from afar. When the old man was tasting food, he found a Suu in the cake and wrote a poem: "Tears in Wang Wang's eyes, and the cake in the cage smells sweet;" When winter goes and spring comes, * * * will be reunited. "

After Wu was defeated by Yue, he was boating in the five lakes and went back to his hometown to visit his grandparents. Xi Shi's "filial piety silver silk round cake", also known as "Xi Shi reunion cake", has been passed down to this day.

Now, in the villages along the banks of the Wuxie River, people still make this snack on festivals and their wedding birthdays. Presumably, this is also a tribute to filial piety by future generations.

Brew wine

Brewing is a craft of our farmers in Zhuji. Even though the docks, streets, shops and stalls are full of bottled wine and gift-wrapped commercial wine, which greatly dominates the whole country, the wine brewed at home has become people's favorite wine.

Fermented wine is a soft wine that farmers brew and drink at any time. Especially if there is a pregnant woman at home, this is a traditional custom and must be brewed. It is said that this sweet wine is called fermented wine, which is a treasure that is very suitable for nourishing postpartum women. So after soaking pure glutinous rice for a day, steam it with a special wine retort, then pour it with cold water to lower the temperature, and then pour it with hot water (the cold water poured for the first time turns into hot water) to restore the heat. After that, pour the glutinous rice in the retort into a bamboo board, sprinkle a certain amount of finely ground white wine powder in advance, stir it evenly, and then put it into a pottery jar or porcelain bowl with a suitable size and smooth it. It is cold in winter, so it is necessary to wrap the pot with dry straw or cotton wool to keep warm. It is hot in summer, so don't bother. In a day or two, the sweet and delicious wine will be ready and you can feast your eyes. Brewing is popular with the public because of its delicious taste and low alcohol content.

Liquor. It is named because it is as white as soup when cooked. The brewing method of liquor is similar to that of liquor brewing, but the Baiyao used is different. In the late stage of brewing, wine and rice should be poured into the jar, a certain proportion of warm water should be added, and the jar mouth should be sealed and pressed tightly, and it can be drunk after about 10 days.

Old wine. Old wine is usually brewed by farmers in Fan Hu area of our city. Relying on the advantages of abundant grain and glutinous rice, farmers often brew old wine for drinking and entertaining guests. Of course, the brewing process needs more efforts and thinking.

Soju Soju is now called liquor in the market. Since ancient times, shochu is also an indispensable standing wine for farmers in our city, especially in Shan Nong. In hot summer, many addicts prefer this kind of home-brewed shochu with high alcohol content and strong sex. Because of the different raw materials, there are sorghum, Liugu, barley and sweet potato. Most of the operations of making soju are undertaken by farmers themselves. There was also a wine called "malt extract" in the early days. It is said that "malt extract" is better than old wine, and some even say it is better than old wine. There is a set of special tools for shochu, which must be operated by a special person.

Improved proverb

In rural Zhuji, there is a saying that people will complain after eating Qingming fruit. This was very realistic in the past. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, it is the best season for sowing in spring, and it is the key moment to determine the annual harvest of crops. Therefore, after eating Qingming fruit, farmers will try their best to invest in mountain fields.

2 1 century is different today. The villagers are still very leisurely after eating Qingming fruit. Old people play Red Star Mahjong to talk about the situation, while young people ride motorcycles to follow the fashion. Nowadays, most people in their hometown pay attention to industry and commerce or go out to work, and mountain farmland has become a sideline. Lake fields are mostly planted according to people's needs, with one-stop production in line with market economy, such as processing and promotion. What needs to be clear is that modern rural agriculture has also been industrialized. They put most of their energy into efficient industry and commerce and go out to work, so farmers have no busy farming season and leisure season.

If we must mention a solar term, the so-called Tomb-Sweeping Day will leave us with grave-sweeping, hiking and eating Qingming fruit. Due to the pleasant temperature after Tomb-Sweeping Day, all walks of life have put into normal operation with the joy of the Spring Festival, and farmers have made a fortune doing business or going out to work in HSBC Yang Jiao. Therefore, hometown people improved the old saying that "people will complain if they eat clear fruits" into: people will get rich if they eat clear fruits.

Dajiaobu

It can be said that the most distinctive feature of Huijiao Mountain Area is pushing big feet cloth.

Shaoxing, Shengzhou, Zhuji, Zhejiang, all have this thing at the intersection, but the name is different from "Dabu" or "Bigfoot Cloth".

Bigfoot cloth may have been like this since ancient times, a white cloth about two meters long and fifty centimeters wide. Because of its simple manufacture, low raw material cost and extremely low market price. Even so, people still like to make it themselves. It is not a modern ornament, but it is as inseparable as most men's pipes.

Bigfoot cloth can be used in many ways. In hot weather, it acts as a towel. At the same time, it is tied to the waist, which can increase the strength of the waist and abdomen when working. Therefore, in the summer of childhood, you can often see men with big feet wrapped around their waist and carrying hundreds of pounds of food. After walking for a while, they used the "crib" to support the burden and have a rest, and at the same time freed their hands to wipe their heads with the big foot cloth around their waist.

After a hard day's work, the men had to take a bath in the river. At this time, the big foot cloth became a bath towel again. Rub it a few times, then wring it out and wipe off all the water droplets on my body. Finally, my hips looked like a woman's apron, so I went straight home, saving the trouble of changing shorts.

When you go to the market, if you buy trivial things and don't have a suitable bag, you can wrap it at both ends of the big foot cloth and carry it on your shoulder. It's a bit like a wallet in the north at this time.

Some people who don't care much about the soil can also wrap up some wild fruits of whipping bamboo shoots and put them on their bodies when they are working in the mountains. Because people who go up the mountain always have to wait for lunch to carry some bamboo or branches home, they often can't make room, so Bigfoot cloth comes in handy.

Not long ago, my friend made a special trip to see me. When we talked about the Bigfoot cloth when we were young, he said angrily, "It has long since disappeared. No one is farming now, and everyone is busy catching up with the economic tide to make money. "

Bigfoot, maybe I can only look for you from my childhood memories.

Zhuji Hutian cooks a porridge in the world (local proverb)

Zhuji Lake is ripe, and porridge is a human meal.

When the lake is ripe, the yellow dog is easy to please the grandmother.

If Zhuji has money, work hard on the mountain.

At night, the moon comes early, and when it thunders, punting is good.

The three suns were called heaven, and a thunderstorm drowned them.

Thirteen are in Wantian and seven are in Qiao Feng.

The mountain in the sky wears a hat, and the mountain in the pit wears a robe.

Low lakes are born in high mountains, while high lakes fall in the middle of water.

Not wide, not narrow mountains.

Don't go through a string of posts when you are alive, and don't see Yan Luowang when you are dead.

Master Shi Xian's spirit, it rains everywhere and the sun is shining.

You should eat the cigarette robber card and hang yourself on the street of Shi Yang.

Stealing white fish and biting nipples.

Travel all over the world, don't be like Taozhushan.