Introduce the folk customs of Egypt during Ramses II.

Social customs and habits

Every Friday is the "main hemp day gathering ceremony". When there is a melodious summoning ceremony in the mosque, Muslims will flock to the nearby mosque for collective worship. A large number of believers still faithfully observe the religious rules five times a day: morning ceremony, bell ringing ceremony, eating ceremony, faint ceremony and night ceremony. During religious festivals, TV shows the president and heads of government going to the mosque to worship.

Egyptians like sweets, and dessert is the last course of formal banquets or dinners for wealthy families. The famous sweets are "Kunafa" and "Getaifu". "mallow soup" and "basic food" are the best foods in Egyptian daily life. "Gameldin" is a necessary food for Egyptians in Ramadan. "Broad bean" is an essential food. It is made in a variety of ways, and the food it makes is also varied. For example, chopped broad beans, fried broad bean cakes, stewed broad beans, dry fried broad beans and raw green broad beans.

When every adult Egyptian man reaches the age of marriage, he must first propose to the father of the right person, or choose a spouse among matriarchal relatives and neighbors. After the proposal, both men and women began to discuss the amount of the woman's dowry. Generally, the man gives her two-thirds of her dowry as a dowry. Then, under the auspices of the village head, the marriage contract was concluded. Wedding scenes in rural Egypt are lively and luxurious. Before the wedding, the man gave a big banquet, accompanied by singing and dancing, and sometimes celebrated for days. At the wedding, the groom's mother led many beautifully decorated carriages to the woman's house to pick up the bride, who had to sit on one of the floats decorated with expensive Kashmir wool and roses. After dinner, the groom will bow down to the mosque under the leadership of the band, and finally return to the new house to drink a glass of clear spring water with the bride to show their sweet happiness. Such a wedding will last about 30 days and cost about 1000 Egyptian pounds. There is a unique marriage custom in the Siva Oasis in the desert of western Egypt. The girl was engaged at the age of 8 and married at the age of 14. In the meantime, young men should keep giving gifts to the woman's family. The bride has many braids on her head. Half is combed by her family, and the other half needs to be done by her husband's family. The girl's dowry is 100 dress and skirt. Therefore, whenever Shiva's family gave birth to a daughter, her mother would be busy sewing her gown and skirt.

In the southeast of Cairo, there is a cemetery with a history of hundreds of years. This used to be the place where Azhar University graduates and outstanding people were buried. Later, it gradually became a public cemetery around. People came here to build their own houses after death, so they built a series of neatly arranged bungalows, just like a "city of death". Every major Islamic festival, relatives and friends of the deceased gather here to cherish the memory of the deceased, forming Egypt's own unique burial custom.

Needle is a tool for sewing clothes, which is almost a necessary daily necessities for every family, but it is somewhat mysterious in the eyes of Egyptians. Every day from 3 pm to 5 pm, Egyptians never buy or sell needles, which has become an unwritten commandment in their lives. According to legend, at this time of the day, immortals come down to earth to give people some necessities, but immortals should personally observe their own situation. The richer people are, the more rewards they get; The poorer people get less rewards. And the poor always spend all day sewing, in order to make the poor get more pay and avoid the embarrassment of life, so people never sell needles at this time. Under the influence of this myth and legend, some people in Egypt even dare not do needlework at night, otherwise they think it will bring disaster to their mothers. Some rural women also regard borrowing needles as a taboo. When it is necessary to borrow a needle, the lender has to put the needle in the bread and give it to the borrower, but the borrower is afraid to take it out by hand. Needle has sometimes become the spoken language of some women to scold each other. If a woman is scolded like a needle, it is as if she is humiliated and painful. Today, the needle still has a unique and legendary position in the eyes of Egyptians, and the taboo of needle has also been passed down.

Special etiquette

Egyptian communication etiquette has both national traditional customs and western practices, and the upper class prefers European and American etiquette. The Egyptians were very enthusiastic when they met. Generally speaking, when you meet someone you don't know very well, the person who greets you first says the greeting used by Muslims all over the world-"Ansai has two eyes?" Erlaikum "(literally translated as" Peace be with you ",meaning" Hello "). Muslims in China are referred to as "Selan" for short. If they are old friends, especially after a long separation, they will hug each other for a face-to-face ceremony, that is, the right hand will hold each other's left shoulder and the left hand will hold each other's waist, first left and then right, and paste it once or more. And there will be a series of barrage greetings: "How are you?" "How are you?" "How have you been recently?" "How are you? "Wait a minute.

If you visit a friend's house, the host will say "Ai Helan Usai Helan Umer Haban" one or more times (meaning "You met your relatives, so you are welcome"). Sometimes they just say, "Ehran! Ai Helan! " Out of courtesy or intimacy, women often adopt gentle face-to-face rituals, usually once on the right and once on the left. The opposite sex usually shakes hands, and only relatives do face-to-face ceremonies. Men and women don't have to shake hands, men don't take the initiative to reach out and shake hands, don't cross, that is, four people hold hands face to face in a cross. When shaking hands, men have to get up from their seats, while women don't have to. They can continue to sit in their chairs.

Egyptians are not afraid of foreigners' home visits, and even welcome foreigners to visit, and they are proud of it. However, heterosexual visits are forbidden, and even among Egyptians, male and female classmates and colleagues cannot visit each other's homes. In addition to outdoor differences, Egyptians have living rooms in their homes, and bedrooms are not welcome as private houses. When visiting at home, you should take the initiative to greet and talk to the elderly. Egyptians are willing to talk about things in different places, and generally should leave after talking about a topic. The host said to the guest, "Maia? Salamai "(literally translated as" peace be with you ",meaning" bon voyage "or" goodbye "). Guests should not repeat this statement, but they can still say, "Ansai has two eyes?" Erlai Qom ".

Egyptians (Muslims) think that "right is better than left", and right is auspicious. You should start with your right hand and right foot. You must shake hands with your right hand, eat and deliver things. You should wear your right sleeve before wearing clothes, your right foot before wearing shoes, and your right foot before entering the house and mosque. The reason is that Mu Qilin does dirty work with his left hand when he is "convenient", so his left hand is considered unclean. It is extremely impolite to shake hands or pass things with your left hand, and even considered as an insult.

Women's taboos. According to Islam, a woman's "charm" can't be seen by anyone except her husband. Even people of the same sex should not look at each other's private parts, so it is forbidden to wear short, thin, transparent and revealing clothes. Even the baby's body should not be uncovered, and there is no public bathhouse in the street. Although Egyptians are more tolerant of foreigners, not as strict as some Islamic countries, they must be reminded; Egypt forbids wearing vests, shorts and miniskirts to mosques.

Usually try not to yawn or sneeze in front of Egyptians. If you really can't control it, you should turn your face, cover your mouth and say "I'm sorry". Egyptians hate yawning and think it is a worship of the devil. A man yawned and said in a hurry like a crime, "Please forgive God." Sneezing is not necessarily a bad thing. If a person sneezes in front of everyone, he says, "I testify that there is no God except God." The man next to him said, "God loves you." He went on to say, "God forgive me and everyone."

ancient egypt civilization

Ancient Egyptian civilization refers to the period from the first waterfall of the Nile to the delta, from the Tassa culture in 5000 AD to the Arab conquest of Egypt in 64 1 AD. Experts actually explored the time range of ancient Egyptian culture, that is, the first union of the northern and southern kingdoms of Egypt in 4245 BC. By 332 AD, Alexander of Macedonia occupied Egypt, and the Ptolemy dynasty was destroyed, which is commonly known as the Pharaoh dynasty that lasted for more than 3,000 years.

Ancient Egyptian "Mysterious Treasure"-Painted Pottery Goddess

The "Mysterious Treasure" of Ancient Egypt —— Portraits of the Egyptian Prince and his wife

"Mysterious Treasure" in Egypt —— Statues of Koala and Pharaoh Princess

"Mysterious Treasure" of Ancient Egypt —— Wood Carving of Prince kabir

Egypt's "Mysterious Treasure" —— Portrait of a Secretary