Study Couplet Selection: Qian Chong (1)

In this lesson, let's talk about "Qian Chong". Modesty is actually modesty, because modesty has been overused. Let's put it another way and make everyone feel fresh.

"Modesty" and "Chong" have different meanings. "Modesty" refers to taking the initiative to retreat in front of credit and fame, not being proud of credit, not relying on talent and pride; "Chong" means "emptiness", which means opening your heart, accepting everything, not being opinionated or willful.

Let's look at "modesty" first.

Look at Mr. Wu Dacheng first (1835- 1904):

Modest hexagrams are auspicious, and forgiveness is feasible for life.

Needless to say, I only read the first part of "modesty and auspiciousness". Mr. Nan Huai Jin said in Miscellanies of the Book of Changes:

If you have studied the Book of Changes, you don't have to read divination or sixty-four hexagrams. No divination is completely good or completely bad. Every hexagram is good, bad and good. But there is only one exception here, that is, the "money" hexagram, which means good luck and all the best. Modest retreat, humility, everyone takes the benefits, and they don't want it. This is the truth of the universe and the truth of life.

Let's take a look at the following picture about the divination, divination and diction of money:

As shown in the above picture, it is the divination of this divination.

The "constant" at the bottom of the picture above. "The gentleman has an end" is the "stubborn" of this hexagram, which means-Shun, the gentleman has a good end.

From bottom to top on the right, from "six days" to "six days" in the above picture, the corresponding figure on the left is six hexagrams. Every poem has its own words, that is, the words to the right of "sixth day" to "sixth day". "Modest hexagrams and six hexagrams are auspicious", which means that the six hexagrams in the above picture are auspicious.

Let's take a look at the words "93" and "stubborn", which read-"hard work, modesty, the gentleman has the end, and the villain is lucky." About this essay, Mr. Nan Huai Jin said this:

Take Guo Ziyi, a famous soldier in the Tang Dynasty, for example, that is "hard work" and "modesty". He is a veteran of the four dynasties. Later, during the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Tang fled. The world in the Tang Dynasty was over, so he got up and saved it. However, China people often say that "Gao Zhen is the hero", so many people suggested that the emperor take back the relieving of Guo Ziyi to prevent Guo Ziyi from rebelling against the emperor. So the emperor ordered him to hand over the military power, and he did it at once and handed it all over. It is equivalent to returning from the army without a cadre, only bringing dozens of old, weak and disabled soldiers back to grow vegetables and fish, and the state cares nothing.

There was something going on in the world, and Xiqiang rebelled. The emperor asked him to send troops. He had no soldiers, but as soon as he received the order, he put on his military uniform and got on the horse with those old, weak and beaten soldiers. Along the way, all the way to accommodate stragglers, into the army. When he leveled the enemy, the emperor told him to come down, he handed over the relieving power and went home, and those old, weak and disabled soldiers followed him.

Later, the eunuchs around the emperor were jealous of him, which provoked the emperor to order all his father's graves to be dug up. He knows all about it. Later, even the emperor, Tang Daizong and Tang's grandson stood up shyly to apologize to him when they saw him. He shouldn't dig his ancestral grave.

Guo Ziyi said, "Your Majesty, don't be sad. I have been leading troops for decades, and my subordinates dig people's ancestral graves. I don't know how many. I think this is karma, no matter who dug it. "

Of course he's sad, too, but he's so big. Because of "fatigue" and "modesty", he was "rewarded by a gentleman", and was not only named King Fenyang by the court, but also lived to be 85 years old. Fu Lushou passed all the exams, and there is no second person in history.

? -Selected from The Book of Changes (with sporadic abridgement)

As a successful IP in the history of China, A Birthday of Guo Ziyi has become a classic theme in China's traditional painting, sculpture and porcelain.

Then look at Mr. Tan Yankai (1880- 1930):

Martial arts poetry is about repression, and Laozi's treasure is kindness.

The first part of the book, "Poetry of Wu Gong is", comes from "elegance" in the Book of Songs. The author is said to be Wei Wugong, whose content is to persuade Zhou Pingwang to be modest and prudent. This article begins like this:

Restraint and prestige, Vader's corner. People also have a saying: A fool is not stupid, and Shu Ren's stupidity is also a disease. Philosophers' fools are also cruel.

The general meaning of this passage is that only a modest and prudent attitude can reflect the correctness of moral character. As the saying goes, smart people do stupid things. If the average person does stupid things, it's because he is not smart enough, and if the smart person does stupid things, it only shows that he is pretentious and reckless.

Therefore, the meaning of the first couplet can be understood as: Wei Wugong wrote this poem to tell the leaders to be modest and prudent.

The second part, "The first thing I value is kindness", comes from Chapter 67 of Laozi's Tao Te Ching, and the original text is as follows:

I have three treasures, holding and protecting; A good heart; Second, frugality; Three words dare not be the best in the world. Kindness makes courage. Thrift can expand. You can only succeed if you dare not be the number one in the world.

I have three good treasures: the first is kindness, the second is frugality, and the third is not taking the lead in talking and doing things. Kindness can make people brave; Thrift can broaden people's hearts; If you don't do things first, you can make people come from behind.

Then some people may say, why "kindness can make people brave"? Let me give you an example-we often say that strict father is a loving mother. You have seen a hen leading a flock of chickens. At this time, if you dare to get close to the chickens, the hens will fight you desperately.

There is a more thought-provoking record in Historical Records and Biography of Wuqi:

Starting from the general, you have as much food and clothing as the bottom foot soldiers. Lying without a seat, walking without a ride, fighting for food with relatives and sharing labor with foot soldiers. If a pawn is sick and gangrenous, he is sucking. Mother cried when she heard this. The man said, "I am a pawn, and the general sucks his gangrene." Why are you crying? " Mother said, "No, it isn't. A few years ago, Wu Gong sucked his father, but his father didn't fight immediately and died in the hands of the enemy. Wu took another bite of his son and didn't know where he died. Just cry. "

Looking at this passage, Wu Qi gained sympathy and love for the heroic sacrifice of the soldiers by sucking abscess for the wounded soldiers of his father and son, which is also a classic example of "biting the hand that feeds you".

So, why "frugality can broaden people's hearts"? That's because-if you don't save money, you can't live, and your mind is on food and clothing every day. In this case, how can we be far-sighted and broad-minded?

Finally, let's take a look. Why "everything you say and do comes first, but it makes people come from behind"? That's because-people who get ahead of everything often become martyrs because of immature objective conditions and insufficient subjective experience. As the saying goes, "the back waves of the Yangtze River push the front waves, and the front waves die on the beach"; Watching, mantis catching cicada, oriole behind, or snipe and clam fighting, the fisherman gains, and often finally becomes the big winner.

We often say that "failure is the mother of success". Personally, I think it may be more appropriate to change it to "failure is the ladder of success" (because his father's contribution is not clear).

Look at Mr. Zeng Xi again (186 1- 1930):

Justice is not the world, but virtue is often a servant.

In the first part of the alliance, the "righteousness is not up to the world" means to be upright and not to compromise with the secular casually. This is not arrogance, but pride.

The second couplet "Virtue is always a servant" refers to a virtuous gentleman who always treats others with humility. Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, can be said to be a model in this respect. Why do you say that? Let's take a look at an article by Mr. Fan Zhongyan, Mr. Yan's ancestral temple:

Sir, Han Guangwu's old friend is also. The stage is still on the way. When the emperor holds the "red symbol" to win the sage with six dragons and become a trillion male and female servants, what is the matter in the world? Mr. Wei is proud of this festival. After moving the star, he returned to the rivers and lakes and was washed away by the saints. What is worse in the world? Only brave and polite.

In the "law" of more than nine, all parties have their own ideas, but only "not being a vassal, it is your business", Mr. Wang takes this as an example. On the ninth day, Tun Heng, but he can "win the people based on your dignity" and use it bravely. Mr. Gai's heart is better than the sun and the moon; The amount of martial arts is beyond the world. Mr. Wei, if you can't achieve great martial arts, how can you be higher than Mr. Wei? Making a greedy husband honest and a coward stand out is a great contribution to the education of famous schools.

Zhong You came to Shouzhou and began to build a hall to offer drinks, but it was restored as the last four Shi Dian. And thus sang: "Yunshan is gray, the rivers and seas are vast, the gentleman's wind, the mountains are high and the water is long!"

You see, the whole article here is about how Liu Xiu and Yan Guang achieved each other-Yan Guang has no light, which is conducive to showing lofty; Liu Xiu did not show dignity, but was even greater.

Why do you say Liu Xiu is not arrogant? You see, Liu Xiugui is the emperor, and he has no arrogance towards Yan Guang since he was a child. He will not only give him wealth, but even sleep with him. This is "Dade is always a servant".

Then look at Mr. Yu Youren (1879- 1964):

Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, and Dade is even more nameless.

Looking at these two sentences, "Mountain, how I long to reach your greatness, and I am even more unknown", often makes people feel a sense of life-there may be some high-level people around us, but often because we are too close, we can't see how tall he is. I see that he is no different from ordinary people in food, clothing, housing and transportation, eating and drinking Lazarus, so I don't think he is great.

Having said that, I can't help but think of a passage in Mr. Lin Yutang's My Wish:

I want some intimate friends who don't have to stick to the law and are willing to confide their difficulties to me. A few friends who can talk with me deeply can respect my hobbies and my opinions at the same time. I want a good cook who can cook clear soup and clear vegetables. I want an old servant who worships me very much, but I don't know what article I am writing.

I like the last sentence here best. As you can imagine-this old servant often tells others that his master is awesome. But someone asked him where he was, and he couldn't say why. He just twisted his neck and repeatedly stressed: it's a cow anyway, better than anyone else!

Lin Yutang estimated that it was the feeling of "the mountain is high, how I long to reach you" and "being worshipped as a fairy".

(Note: The pictures in this article are all from the Internet. Please leave a message if copyright is involved. )