Quancheng information

Geographical survey

Jinan is the capital of Shandong Province, a coastal economic province in eastern China, and the political, economic and cultural center of the province.

Jinan, located in the central and western Shandong Province, is the intersection of beijing-shanghai railway and Ji Jiao railways. It borders Mount Tai, which is listed in the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List, in the south, and the Yellow River, which is called the Mother River of the Chinese Nation, in the north.

Jinan is located at the junction of low mountains and hills in central and southern Shandong and alluvial plains in northwest Shandong, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. The terrain is complex and diverse, which can be roughly divided into three zones; The Yellow River belt in the north, the piedmont plain belt in the middle and the hilly and mountainous belt in the south. There are many rivers in Jinan, mainly the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River. There are also rivers such as Dasha River and Yufu River in the north and south. Lakes include Daming Lake, Baiyun Lake and Dongping Lake.

Climatic condition

Jinan has a complex and diverse terrain, with Mount Tai in the south and the Yellow River in the north, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. Jinan is located in the mid-latitude, belonging to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate zone. Spring is dry and rainy, summer is hot and rainy, autumn is crisp, winter is cold and dry, and the four seasons are distinct.

natural resource

The total area of land resources in the city is 8 154 square kilometers. There are more than 3,000 square kilometers of mountains and hills and 5,000 square kilometers of plains. There are six soil types in this city: brown soil, cinnamon soil, fluvo-aquic soil, Jiang Sha black soil, paddy soil and aeolian sand. Clay, limestone and dolomite are of high quality and large quantity, but they have not been fully developed and utilized. Jinan black gabbro and Liubuhong granite have been exported to more than 30 countries and regions such as Europe, Asia and Africa, and the production scale needs to be expanded. Rich in mineral resources, mainly iron, coal, granite, refractory clay, copper, potassium, platinum, diamonds and other non-ferrous metals, rare metals and nonmetals. Limestone, in particular, has high grade and large reserves. Granite Black Granite is unique in China because of its pure texture. Forest resources are divided into trees and shrubs, with more than 60 families and more than 300 species. The southern mountainous area is rich in apples, pears, persimmons, walnuts, hawthorn and chestnuts. There are also many kinds of medicinal materials such as salvia miltiorrhiza, jujube, wild chrysanthemum and Cyperus tuber. The yield of red dates in the northern plain of the Yellow River is also very high. In addition, the output of white lotus root, green onion, rose, reed and other plants is also very high, which enjoys a high reputation both inside and outside the province. The amount of water resources is 65.438+0.59 billion cubic meters, and the available amount is 65.438+0.47 billion cubic meters.

History and culture

Jinan, with a history of more than 2,000 years, is the birthplace of Longshan culture, a world-famous prehistoric culture. The Neolithic sites in the area include Chengziya, the Great Wall of Qi before Qin Changcheng, the Guo Tomb of Xiaotangshan, the oldest ground building in China, the Simen Pagoda of a single-storey ancient pagoda, and the painted Luohan of Lingyan Temple in Song Dynasty, which is known as "the first plastic in the sea".

Many famous people in the history of China were born in Jinan, such as Zou Yan, the founder of traditional Chinese medicine, the founder of Yin and Yang, Fang, the founding father of the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Zhang and Li Kaixian, the founder of China Public Library, and Zhou Yongnian, a famous architect. In addition, outstanding writers and scholars such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Ceng Gong have lived and traveled in Jinan successively, so they have the reputation of "many celebrities in Jinan".

The city tree of Jinan is willow and the city flower is lotus.

administrative division

Jinan is an ancient city with a long history. More than 2600 years ago, the city wall was built. The earliest name in the history books is "Dragon" (Chunqiu Zuozhuan), which was named after all the springs in the city merged into dragon water. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jinan was the hometown of Qi. Subsequently, the State of Qi renamed Luoyi as Calendar. 2 100 years ago, the Han Dynasty changed its name to Jinan (Historical Records). Because the land is in the south of the water, it is named. Jinan was founded in 16 BC. BC 154, the country was abandoned and the county was changed. In the third year of Song Dao (AD 997), the whole country was divided into 15 Road, and Jin 'an belonged to JD.COM Road, namely qi zhou (Song History). In the sixth year of Huisong Zhenghe (AD 1 1 16), qi zhou was promoted to Jinan Prefecture, and governed five counties including Licheng. Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been the capital of Shandong Province. Jinan was founded in July, 1929. After the founding of New China, Jinan became the political center of Shandong Province. At present, Jinan is a sub-provincial city approved by the state, and now governs six districts, namely Lixia, Licheng, Huaiyin, Tianqiao, Shizhong District, Changqing District, Pingyin, Shanghe, Jiyang and Zhangqiu, with a total area of 8,227 square kilometers and a population of 5.49 million, including 2.54 million urban residents.

economic development

In recent years, on the basis of superior industries such as machinery and textile, steel, chemical industry, light industry, food and building materials, and according to the national industrial policy, Jinan has timely transferred machinery (high-performance, high-value-added mechanical products and metallurgical products), automobiles (advanced heavy-duty cars, modified cars and motorcycles), electric power (new electronic products and high-grade household appliances), chemical industry (modern biomedical chemicals, fine chemicals and chemical fibers). Automobile products represented by Qingqi brand motorcycles, large presses, CNC machine tools and high-grade modified cars, household appliances represented by Xiaoya brand washing machines and Panasonic brand color TVs, and light industrial products represented by Jiangjun brand cigarettes, Baotuquan brand beer, Admiralty brand electronic weighing machines, Fuhou brand knitwear and Shuanglida brand luggage all occupy a large share in the domestic market. Among them, Xiaoya brand automatic drum washing machine and Qingqi brand motorcycle are well-known brands in China and exported to more than 30 countries and regions overseas. Jinan has become one of the top 50 cities in China with comprehensive economic strength, with an annual industrial added value of 30.94 billion yuan 1998.

The rural areas in the suburbs of Jinan are rich in grain, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, cash crops and medicinal plants. Among them, Mingshui fragrant rice, Longshan millet, Zhangqiu scallion, Beiyuan white lotus root, Taishan small white pear, hawthorn, chicken feet walnut, Licheng Hongyu apricot, Yellow River carp, pingyin rose and Trichosanthes kirilowii are famous for their high quality at home and abroad. In recent years, Jinan has given full play to the advantages of local resources, vigorously developed high-quality, high-yield and efficient agriculture, and agricultural production has been bumper year after year. 110,000 tons in 1998, the total grain output reached 273/kloc-0, the added value of agriculture reached 9.82 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 2,826 yuan.

The rural economy has developed in an all-round way. The total income of rural economy in the whole year was 80.33 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year. Among them, the non-agricultural economy grew by 7.9%, and its income accounted for 84.0% of the total rural economic income. At present, there are a total of 48 township enterprise groups/kloc-0, of which 18 and 134 are provincial-level groups, which have entered the ranks of large and medium-sized township enterprises in China.

Infinite scenery

Jinan is called "Spring City". The rich groundwater in Mount Tai flows along limestone strata to Jinan, blocked by igneous rocks in the northern suburbs, and spews out in the urban area, forming numerous springs. 72 springs were formed. Among the 72 famous springs in Jinan, Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring and Wulongtan are the most famous. Daming Lake, a confluence of spring water and mountains in the north of the city, and Qianfo Mountain, a famous Buddhist resort in the south of the city, complement each other, forming a unique landscape of "one city, one mountain and half lake" in Jinan. The clear and sweet spring water is the blood of Jinan, which endows the city with exquisite temperament and vigorous vitality.

General record of spring names

There are hundreds of springs and 72 springs in Jinan. In fact, the records in the past dynasties are different. There are more than 72 springs in Jinan, including more than 100 in the urban area alone. Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring and Wulongtan Spring are the main components of Jinan 72 Spring, while others live in seclusion in other places within the jurisdiction of Jinan. The theory of seventy-two springs originated from the Ming Spring Monument in Jin Dynasty recorded by Cheng Qi. The so-called golden thread, yellow flower, catkin, lying cow, jade, shiwan, Jiuquan,,, Zhu Bei bran, Sanshui, Xiting, Huiquan, Zhiyu, cinnabar, Liu's, Yun Qi, Dengzhou, aqua regia, washing dishes, shallow wells and so on. Rantang, Xuanquan, Du Quan, Liu Quan, Plantago, Boiled Bran, Furnace Spring, White Tiger, Mannan, Lin Ji, Bai Quan, Jinsha, Bailong, Huaquan, Dugu, James Li, Pulp, Boiled Bran, Chicory, Iron, Luquan and Longju, a total of 72.

Yan Bi, a poet in Ming Dynasty and Shandong Inspection Department, wrote poems for Jinan 72 Spring, among which 13 spring name was different from that listed in Quanming Monument, and moved the Dugu Spring of Quanming Monument Lingyan Temple to Tianmaling and Kangwang Mountain in Licheng County. Hao Zhigong, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, wrote Seventy-two Springs in Jinan, among which 27 springs were named differently from the Monument to Famous Springs. The seventy-two spring poems in Ming Dynasty 13 only added three springs and 24 famous springs, and the name was changed to 1.

The newly named "Seventy-two Famous Springs" include Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring and other famous springs in history, as well as newly added Pipa Spring, Agate Spring and Jiunv Spring Spring. Jiuquan, Xiangquan, Jinhu Spring and other famous springs in history were removed because of their disappearance. The "Top Ten Spring Groups" are Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Wulongtan, Bai Quan, Yongquan, Yuhe Spring, Baimai Spring, Paoquan and Hongfan Chiquan. "Seventy-two Springs" fell like pearls in the "Ten Springs". Baotu Spring Park is located in the center of Jinan, with Qianfo Mountain in the south, Daming Lake in the north and quancheng square in the east. It is a famous cultural park with spring water and cultural landscape as the symbol of Jinan, and it is the first of the three famous scenic spots in Quancheng.

Jinan is known as the spring city, "every family springs, and every family hangs on a tree", which constitutes a unique natural landscape and historical and cultural characteristics. Baotu Spring is the crown of 72 springs, and Baotu Spring Group is the first of the four spring groups. There are many springs in Baotu Spring Park, including 27 famous springs, such as Jinxian Spring, Shuyuan Spring, Mabaoquan, Woniu Spring, Huanghua Spring, Liuxuquan and Laojinxian Spring. In the past, Baotu Spring, with an area of less than four acres in Fiona Fang, was not only a place for incense, but also a place for performing arts, rap, divination and stall. The park was officially completed in 1956. After several expansions, the current area has reached 10.5 hectare, which is a rare urban park with spring characteristics.

There are many places of interest and historical sites in the park, with profound cultural heritage. Luoyuantang, Eying Temple, Wanghege, Guanlan Pavilion, Shangzhitang, Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall, Yi 'an Former Residence, Cangyuan, Snowhouse, Wanzhu Park, Li Kuchan Memorial Hall, Wang Xuetao Memorial Hall and other cultural landscapes are magnificent or simple and elegant; Many famous springs and inscriptions bear the history and culture of Jinan for thousands of years. Lantern Festival has a long history, such as Lantern Festival with traditional characteristics, Qushan Art Sea, watching cranes drinking tea and riddles around the world, which has developed and enriched the cultural connotation of Baotu Spring. Tea house, catering, photography, handicrafts, calligraphy and painting clubs and other service facilities are arranged reasonably. Taking Baotu Spring as the center, the park features spring viewing, drama viewing and tea tasting, creating a quaint, quiet and subtle realm, imitating mountains and recreating the beauty of nature. The whole park is planned as 18 scenic spot.

Baotuquan Park is now a national excellent park, a "Top Ten" park, a national 4a tourist area (spot) and a national civilized service demonstration window. Since 1986, Baotuquan Park has been rated as a provincial civilized unit by 18, and it is a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.