Political system in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

The political system of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties is as follows:

First, the political system in Xia and Shang Dynasties

1.2070 years ago, Yu established the first dynasty in Chinese history-Xia. After his death, his son succeeded to the throne. The abdication system in the late primitive society was replaced by the hereditary system of the throne, and the throne was passed down in the form of one family and one surname.

2. After the establishment of Shang Dynasty, the succession of the throne also adopted the hereditary system, which was passed down from generation to generation, or called brothers.

3. The Xia and Shang Dynasties had a set of administrative management system from central to local. The king commands officials, big and small, to govern the country. During the Shang Dynasty, there were ministers and ministers in the central government who participated in the decision-making of Shang kings, fortune tellers, fortune tellers and historians who were responsible for offering sacrifices and recording dynasty events, and teachers in charge of military power. Hou Bo, a local seal. They were not only the party leaders who surrendered to the Shang Dynasty, but also senior officials of the Shang Dynasty. They regularly paid tribute to the Shang king and were ordered to conquer.

4. The political system in the early Xia and Shang Dynasties had a direct impact on the patriarchal clan system and the enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Second, the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty

1. BC 1046, Zhou Wuwang destroyed the merchants, established the Zhou Dynasty, and implemented the enfeoffment system. The content is as follows: King Wu gave a certain amount of land and people to the royal family, heroes and the first generation of nobles, so that they could establish a vassal state and defend the royal family. The enfeoffed vassals must obey the orders of the Zhou emperor, and the vassals have the obligation to defend the territory of the Zhou emperor, obey the battle and pay tribute to the pilgrimage.

2. The victory of the King of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period was an open challenge to the enfeoffment system of vassal states.

Third, the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

1. The biggest feature of the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty is the eldest son inheritance system.

2. The political embodiment of the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty was the enfeoffment system.

Fourth, summary.

1. The characteristics of China's early political system (Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties): patriarchal clan system as the core, with a strong color.

2. The enfeoffment system is actually an administrative relationship between the central government and local governments.

3. The most prominent feature of enfeoffment system and patriarchal clan system is that they are related by blood.

The Origin of "One Family in the World" and the Official System in Xia Dynasty

After Yu succeeded to the throne, society developed further, classes have been formed, and all political and military elements that constitute the country have been possessed. Yu was the first king. ..... His son killed Yi and got the throne. Since then, the era of "abdication" has ended, and the era of "Xia Chuanzi, home to the world" has begun.

Confucius, an ancient sage in China, described this historic change in this way: during the period of "Five Emperors" (clan commune), he said that the trip to the Avenue was also a public service, selecting talents and abilities, persisting in faith and maintaining harmony; An old friend is not only a relative, but also an only son. Let the old age end, be strong, be useful, be strong, and provide for the elderly, the sick and the disabled. ……

On the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there is a saying: "Today's avenue is hidden, the world is home, each family is close, each son is his son, and the goods are his own. Adults think that the world is polite, moats and ponds are solid ... so the purpose is to make use of it, and soldiers start from it. Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, and so on, so they just chose "which means well-off."