Five Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi

Freedom advocated by Zhuangzi is not individualism. Teacher Yu Dan said that freedom should have a ruler, justice and a bottom line, so as to realize the code of conduct of this world. The following are five articles about reading Zhuangzi that I brought to you, hoping to help you!

Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi (1)

Classic books need to be read slowly to really understand them deeply. When I first started reading Zhuangzi, I couldn't have a good attitude. I always wanted to be a big fat man, but I got nothing, which made my attitude fall into a swamp of more and more anxiety. I decided to settle down, not for speed, but for quality. Read only two or three pages a day, 33 chapters, * * * more than 400 pages, and pay for several months. During this period, write more reading notes to deepen understanding and memory.

I only read the first article "Wandering around" in these two days and gained a lot. I learned a very important aspect of Zhuangzi Thought, that is, to be at large, to escape the bondage of fame and fortune, and to wander freely in the universe without any external force. Zhuangzi, like Lao Tzu, is a man who pursues freedom. Compared with Laozi, he is more keen on unrestrained freedom. He can ignore all secular prejudices or just opinions, be praised by the world without advice, and be praised by the world without depression. No matter how praised or criticized by the world, he will never change his insistence on individuality. This is really hard to come by. When people live in the world, they must stick to what they think is right, and cannot be transferred by the will of others, otherwise they are just puppets. As the saying goes, there is no one but yourself. Immortals are useless and saints are nameless. A person can't be controlled by any external things, such as achievements, fame and fortune, but must live a free and easy life, be frank and extremely free.

Zhuangzi's carefree life values, perhaps in some people's eyes, are passive and secluded, which is not worthy of recognition. However, we have to admit that everyone has his own ambition. Zhuangzi, like Lao Tzu, is not a person who actively pursues making contributions and making a name for himself. He just pursues the values that a poor gentleman is immune to himself. In the era of frequent wars, personal strength is extremely meager. Only by being yourself can we get rid of a miserable life. The era in which Zhuangzi lived was a very important factor that led to the birth of Zhuangzi Thought, and Zhuangzi's wise, open-minded and far-sighted personality was also a very important reason. The reason why Zhuangzi Thought can be as good as new for thousands of years is precisely because it can arouse people's * * *. In fact, everyone has a love of freedom and reckless personality, but some of them are covered up by social norms, living standards, loyalty to fame and fortune and other things because of the influence of various external environments. Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts represent the most primitive and unpretentious values of human beings, which can directly reach everyone's heart and touch the soft underbelly.

When we are walking in a difficult life, or when we are tired of life, we might as well learn from Zhuangzi's carefree thoughts to keep our hearts calm and cool, so that we can meet greater challenges. Of course, we can follow Zhuangzi's thought of freedom, practice his thought of freedom, gallop freely in it, and get a relaxed, happy and worry-free life experience.

In my eyes, it is inconceivable that Zhuangzi's carefree thought has no defects and is rejected by the so-called orthodoxy. There is no clear boundary between Taoism and Confucianism. The sky of thought should be a hundred schools of thought contend and colorful, from which future generations can draw rich but not single ideological nourishment. Life, country and society all need to learn from others to achieve high quality, otherwise it will develop in an unhealthy direction. I think it is necessary to have Confucius and Zhuangzi at the same time.

Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi II

Zhuangzi is not a book, but a world.

Yes, after reading Zhuangzi's seemingly barren anecdotes and the Tang Dynasty, you will find that you just opened a door to the real and simple heaven.

The sorrow of the world for thousands of years lies in that the world only seeks the true meaning of life in the secular world, and does not go beyond the secular world to seek the avenue in the mysterious universe in the wilderness. Zhuangzi is great because he jumped out of the three realms and stood in the clouds to have a bird's eye view of the vicissitudes of life. Being alone with the spirit of heaven and earth is not proud of everything. Zhuangzi is such a talent. He thinks the world is too gloomy to say solemn words, and the book is full of Miao You's words, barren Tang's words and groundless cliff words. He travels with the creator in the world, and is friends with those who live and die without beginning or end.

Zhuangzi has been mocking the upside-down world for generations, mocking those who make a fool of themselves for fame and fortune, and satirizing those villains who destroy the harmony between man and nature for petty gain. Those who seek power exchange their spiritual imperfections and distorted personalities for worldly so-called blessings, while Zhuangzi would rather be an old turtle dragging its tail in the mud than a divination turtle shell enshrined in a high hall. Zhuangzi's elegance and freedom is the result of his unique, arrogant and uninhibited personality charm, which supports the free sky.

In Zhuangzi, it is clarified that the highest knowledge is the knowledge to explore the universe and the origin of life. When we open the world of Zhuangzi, the limited contents are all clear, and everything goes smoothly. What is the origin of all things? The only way. What is the source of all things? The only way. What is the origin of life? Zhuangzi smiled and gently pushed, the greatest wisdom of people is to realize their own smallness, and life is just a dream.

Plato said that the human soul comes from a perfect home, where there is no filth and ugliness of our world, only purity and beauty. The soul has been wandering in this world for a long time, living in a body, forgetting where it came from and everything in its hometown. Whenever he sees, hears and feels all the beautiful things in this world, he can't help being moved, feeling very comfortable and kind. He knew that all those beautiful things came from his hometown, so he spent his whole life pursuing the feeling of that memory and constantly trudging to his hometown.

Seeking truth from facts is the core of Zhuang studies. But we all live in an artificial magic circle, everything is artificial, and we have long lost our nature. What we have to do is to find a beautiful natural world.

Use Zhuangzi's natural flute to find the lost world. The course of human life is the way for the soul to find its beautiful hometown.

Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi III

When you open the book Zhuangzi, the first article is "A Happy Journey", and the first story you see is the bizarre theory of "Kun changed to Peng". But Zhuangzi seems to be very concerned about such a story, and even told it three times in "Free Travel". If you want to know about Zhuangzi, you can't seem to miss this fable.

First of all, Zhuangzi said, "There is a kind of fish named Kun in the North Sea. Kunda, thousands of miles away. Kun became a bird named Peng. Peng has a broad back, thousands of miles away. When it rises high, its wings spread like clouds on the horizon. When the sea breeze blows hard, this big bird will migrate to the South China Sea. Nanhai is a natural swimming pool. " This description is unforgettable, and "I don't know how many miles there are" is simply exaggerated to the point of nonsense. Zhuangzi's purpose is to confuse our imagination, force us to get rid of what we see and hear in our daily life, and make us unable to consciously ask: Are there such Kun and Peng? Where are they? Can fish really become birds?

After learning Zhuangzi, you at least understand the mystery of the word "inevitable". The so-called "last resort" does not mean being forced, wronged, helpless or forced, but when I judge that various conditions are ripe, I will take advantage of the situation, that is, "I will do what I should do and stop what I should do." Therefore, the key point is: how to judge whether various conditions are mature? Being able to do this step is the beginning of "turning knowledge into wisdom".

Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi (4)

Homogeneity and Worry-Free —— Why do students say that they don't understand Zhuangzi Thought when they read the articles in the current textbooks for primary and secondary schools after reading Zhuangzi? Why are you getting richer, more comfortable and tired now? Why do people in China often say "long life and abundant financial resources" when wishing others happiness? Why do China literati have mountain complex? Want to know, you can read Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi has influenced China's thoughts for more than two thousand years. Although not orthodox, Zhuangzi is everywhere in our daily life. Zhuangzi's thought is very complicated, but there are also many contradictions. The main viewpoints can be summarized as homogeneity theory and freedom concept. The homology of things has three meanings, life and death are the same, there is no right or wrong, and things and I are one. Zhuangzi emphasized the harmony between man and environment. He thinks that people and things are the same thing, and they are all formed by gas. When a person dies, the gas will be dispersed, and the gas will become something else. Zhuangzi regards life and death as one thing. "People are born together, born together, and die scattered. What can I do if their lives are uncertain? So everything is one? " There is no right or wrong, there are ready-made examples today. Many people think it is nonsense to change Shunde into a district in Foshan, because the citizens only pay attention to Shunde. If you look around the whole province or the whole country, you will feel that this planting method is right (yes). What is the difference between right and wrong? The day before yesterday, CCTV reported the incident of black bear wounding. Whether to kill or protect black bears, experts have completely different views from villagers. Who is right or wrong is inconclusive. Destroying the environment is tantamount to suicide. This is our knowledge. Zhuangzi thinks that everything in the world and I are a whole. He said in The Great Sage: "Fake foreign things, trust in the same body, forget their courage, keep their eyes and ears, keep repeating, and don't know the clue." Liberate people from the bound form and truly be like the universe. When people move the observation point of life and death from the individual to another higher and more universal existence outside the individual, the boundary between life and death disappears. That is to say, when people combine the individual with the whole, they transcend the fear of death. There is no right or wrong, there is no boundary between things and me, and human beings have gained freedom from another level, which is what Zhuangzi called freedom. Zhuangzi put forward in Le You, Master of Health Preservation, Human Life and Dezhong Fu that to achieve complete happiness, we must be loyal and not tired of things. Get rid of fame, don't worry at all, and live a leisurely life. "For a person who has no ego, a person who believes in God is useless, and a saint is nameless." Free and unfettered means living a natural life, drifting on the sea of life and happily spending a sad fate. This is freedom, this is liberation. When a person rationally combines himself with an eternal and all-encompassing universe, the existence of the individual is infinite. In this way, the mind will become broad, and the gains and losses of life, rich and poor, will not be enough. There is no worldly disturbance, only inner peace. "The wren nests in the deep forest, but there is only one. The mouse is full of water." All people want is to live like wrens and squirrels. People will be happy as long as they get rid of secular ideas and affairs. The quietism of abstinence from desire does not take external objects as the ideological object, but pays attention to internal cultivation, thus achieving the realm of "being a man". You can get away with it. Zhuangzi's thought is inherited from Laozi, and his ideal is to pursue a peaceful and quiet psychological environment. Reading Zhuangzi is another way to know the world. After reading Zhuangzi, I learned a lot. With the help of the magical power of Lecture Room, Zhuangzi, who had been silent for a long time, finally began to enjoy the scenery, and his philosophy of life became popular. What is "carefree", what is "inaction, no work, no name", and pursue absolute freedom. Wait a minute. But we should not forget that Zhuangzi is also the creator of cynicism, and Zhuangzi's "free spirit" is vulgar. It's really not the right time to advocate the spirit of Zhuangzi in China. The "spirit of freedom" in Zhuangzi seems to have long been recognized by everyone, and it is unprecedented in imagination. But I would like to add that there are many remarks in Zhuangzi, which reflect a very bad ostrich wisdom and tortoise philosophy. On the one hand, Zhuangzi cursed the secular, on the other hand, he repeatedly said that he should "stay in the secular, not blame right and wrong", that is to say, he should get along with the secular unconditionally, on the one hand, he said "don't be convinced by things", but on the other hand, he warned people to "travel around with things" and "take things as spring". On the one hand, Zhuangzi boldly imagined and traveled for nine days, on the other hand, he pursued something. Zhuangzi's imagination is more reflected in the metaphysical fugue, but in practice, he agrees with the real world where values are reversed. His "wandering" just didn't touch the actual "fugue". In fact, the combination of these two seemingly contradictory aspects is a complete Zhuangzi, and together they form an attitude towards life. The so-called "cynicism" refers to a deformed relationship between individuals and society. Cynicism was born in Greece in the 5th century. It refers to a spirit of resisting cultural values and a deep suspicion. It thinks that the world is not worth taking seriously, so we might as well play games. In modern times, the meaning of cynicism has changed to some extent, but the attitude of distrust and rejection of the world has not changed. Although cynicism is dissatisfied with reality, refuses to participate in the social world, or escapes to loneliness and seclusion, or turns to aestheticism, its essence is nihilism. They keep a clear sense of distance from the world, but they are afraid or unwilling to face it head-on. On the contrary, they express their contradictory positions of dissatisfaction and compromise in a playful and cynical way. Cynicism not only shows the darkness of reality, or the inversion of morality and the vacuum of value in the real world, but also shows people's numbness, acceptance and even positive recognition of this inversion and vacuum. Even in their hearts, cynics no longer adhere to the minimum concept of right and wrong, and have no hope not only for reality but also for the future. The core of cynicism is to doubt everything, not only the reality, but also the possibility of changing it. In other words, cynicism is a profound nihilism. This nihilism may be dead and stagnant, or it may be manifested as playing dumb and playing tricks. Cynicism often appears in the historical period when society is dark and despair is pervasive. At this time, the outstanding characteristics are the helplessness of the real world and the leap of the imaginary world, which complement each other. In this sense, perhaps Zhuangzi is indeed the mentor of China's spiritual circle. It should be reconciled with the general social indifference in China today, trying to cover up the helplessness in the real society through the so-called "tranquility" in the heart. Under the current situation in China, the popularity of Zhuangzi's philosophy of life can only lead to the cynicism of the whole society. It may cultivate a group of bards who are indifferent to the world, but it will never cultivate active modern citizens. Is this what we need? Zhuangzi inherited Laozi's Taoist theory and further explained Tao. Taoism denies Confucianism in a certain sense, and thinks that benevolent governance advocated by Confucianism is the root of evil in the world. Indeed, the best way for a monarch to gain power is war, and the best way to consolidate his country is to strengthen his own strength, build an army and resist foreign aggression. This is war. All this is made of the flesh and blood of courtiers, and the emperor's throne sits on countless bones. They covered all this up with benevolence and righteousness, and his benevolent policies bound many people's hearts. Qin Shihuang ousted a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone, which imprisoned people's hearts. For thousands of years, scholars have studied hard at the cold window and only nominated for the gold medal list. How many people have actually used it? How many people wasted their lives for this honor. The imperial examination is held every three years, and only a few Qian Qian students are selected. Because of this, Jin Fan spent most of his life in bondage. Freedom advocated by Taoism is the real worry-free journey. It is extremely difficult to obtain physical freedom in society, but spiritual freedom is for everyone. There is no distinction between nobility and inferiority, no bondage of benevolence, righteousness, etiquette and music, no pursuit of fame and fortune, and the morning bell and tomb drum are used to soothe the helpless heart. Confucius' Confucianism is too idealistic to be realized in today's society. Although it is good to have a dream, this dream is a bit too high for contemporary people. Being enslaved by Confucian classics for hundreds of years, even the strength of resistance is gone. All our youth, the most glorious time in our life, are buried in endless pen and ink, and the dense air of books covers the whole of China. The dragon that once took off on nine continents has long been tamed. In retrospect, it seems to have become history. After reading Zhuangzi, my feeling is that the gorgeous flowers on nine continents are gradually sinking into the ocean of ink. At first glance, Zhuangzi seems to be a cynical person, but after careful exploration, Zhuangzi is actually a person who has a strong love-hate relationship with the real world. Although he was indifferent to fame and fortune all his life, he advocated self-cultivation and self-cultivation, quietism, but in his heart, he was full of grief and despair about the cold world at that time. Zhuangzi's thought contains simple dialectical factors, thinking that everything is changing. He advocates "inaction" and gives up all the struggles in life. He also believes that everything is relative, so he denies knowledge, denies the essential difference of everything, tries his best to deny reality, fantasizes about a subjective spiritual realm of "heaven and earth coexist with me, and everything is one with me" and becomes a sober person in troubled times. When Zhuangzi's wife died of illness, Keiko, a good friend, came to offer condolences and saw Zhuangzi sitting cross-legged, singing with drums and pots. Huiyu asked, "People have a fight with your husband and wife to give birth to your children, provide for the elderly and manage your family. Now that you are dead, it's enough that you don't cry. Isn't it unreasonable to sing with drums and pots? " Zhuangzi said, "That's not what I meant. Why can't I be sad when she just died? After thinking about it, I found that I was still an ordinary person who didn't know life and death or the way of heaven and earth. I don't feel sad when I think about it like this. " From this perspective, Zhuangzi really saw through life and death. He believes that life and death are inevitable, death means rebirth, and rebirth also means death. I have to say that Zhuangzi is a complicated figure. Although he sees through life and death, he has a strong love-hate relationship. He is poor, but he is happy. Such a spontaneous person with unique personality charm is really rare. Zhuangzi's thoughts and theories are in the same strain as Laozi's, but they have changed. It has its own characteristics in philosophy, society and outlook on life, and its thoughts are complicated. Philosophically, he inherited Laozi's thought of Tao and natural inaction. On the social view, he advocates "the world of supreme virtue" and has a strong realistic critical spirit. In the outlook on life, the pursuit of absolute spiritual freedom, but also the idea of protecting the whole body.

Thoughts on Reading Zhuangzi (5)

What kind of person is Zhuangzi? People call Confucius a "saint" and Zhuangzi a "man of god". They are the embodiment of Confucianism and Taoism respectively. The most important thing in Zhuangzi's thought is his happy journey.

There are big and small realms: all splendor, right and wrong disputes are meaningless. Only when you have a big realm can you understand what a gifted talent is and let it find employment! Live a happy life.

Perception and Transcendence: If you want to truly understand the realm of "carefree travel", you must be able to transcend fame and fortune. And having a weak mentality is the basis for transcending fame and fortune.

Know yourself: We are used to being self-righteous, and good intentions can do bad things. We are often influenced by the external evaluation, unable to really understand our hearts, and lost ourselves in the so-called trend.

There is always a way out: Zhuangzi borrowed an ugly and almost ferocious freak to express his point of view: No matter what happens in life, there is always a way out in the world.

Talking and laughing about life and death: Zhuangzi was able to laugh at life and death because he realized the true meaning of life and death, that is, life and death are just a change in form.

Persistence and adaptation: "internalization" means not being influenced by the ever-changing external world, and "externalization" means understanding and adapting to the external social environment, otherwise it is impossible to settle down in society.

Nature and physical property: people's material desires are endless. When they pursue material interests crazily, people also lose their happy lives.

Mentality and state: it is not only talent and skills that determine the success or failure of life, but a person's attitude towards life.

Avenue and Nature: No matter whether the fable in Zhuangzi is bitter or ironic, there is only one mystery, that is, "Avenue conforms to nature".