What schools of thought contend in the history of China? Not to mention the popular twelve schools. Look at the problem clearly and don't come unless you pretend to understand.

The origin of a hundred schools of thought contend

From the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, China society is in a transitional period from slave society to feudal society, and drastic changes have taken place from politics to economy. This change has brought unprecedented activity to academic thoughts, and various schools of different classes and strata have launched fierce debates, forming a situation in which a hundred schools of thought contend. The so-called "hundred schools" is also called "pre-Qin philosophers". In ancient times, "Zi" was a good title or honorific title for men, while "Zhuzi" was the representative of various schools. Six thoughts mentioned in Sima Tan's Six Classics: Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mohism, Ming, Fa and Tao. There are 10 schools of Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, France, Ming, Mohism, vertical and horizontal, miscellaneous, agriculture, novels and so on mentioned in Ban Gu's Hanshu. Confucianism, Taoism, Fa, Ming, Mo, Zongheng, Za, Agriculture, Novel, Military, Astronomy, Calendar, Five Elements, and Medical Prescriptions mentioned in Sui Shu Tongzhi 14. Among them, Confucianism (founder is Confucius), Mohism (founder is Mozi), Taoism (founder is Laozi) and Fa (Han Feizi is a master of Legalism) have the greatest influence.

Before the 7th century, some nobles lost their land and titles due to war or other reasons and became common people. On the other hand, there are also ordinary people who have won the favor of governors and become senior officials because of their expertise or other reasons. This is the real significance of the collapse of rites and music in the Zhou Dynasty. Not only did the Zhou Shi regime collapse, but more importantly, the whole social system collapsed.

In the process of social and political disintegration, the official representatives of all kinds of knowledge are scattered among the people (these people may be nobles themselves, or officials who have obtained hereditary positions by serving kings and princes with their own skills). They rely on their own expertise or skills to open libraries and recruit disciples to make a living. This is the beginning of the separation of "teacher" and "official".

These private school teachers have their own specialties and give full play to their ideas and opinions, so some teachers are good at teaching Confucian classics and music and are called "Confucianism" or "scholars"; Some teachers are proficient in the art of war or martial arts and are called "knights"; Some teachers are good at arguing and are called "debaters". Others are good at witch doctors, astrology, divination and magic numbers. Their knowledge is called alchemy, and these people are called alchemists. There are also some people who, with their practical knowledge of politics, provide vertical and horizontal strategies and become consultants or officials of princes and princes, and are called "magicians". The last part of the people, knowledgeable and talented, were disappointed with the real politics at that time and fled into the mountains, so they were called "hermits". So you can deduce the origin of six:

The flow of Confucian scholars was built by the scribes; (Kong Qiu Monk Xun Kuang Dong Zhongshu)

Mohist school, built out of the ranger; (Mo Zhai)

The Tao flows, and the hermit covers; (Li Er Zhuang Zhou Yang Zhu)

Celebrity traffic, covered by debaters; (Hui Shi GongSunLong)

Yin and Yang family flow, covered by alchemists; (Zou Yan)

Legalist school is made by magicians. (Li Zhongwu, Sun Feilisi)

Here, five are added for 1 1:

Military strategists: Sun Bin, Sun Wu and Sima Cuo.

Strategist: Su Yi Guiguzi

Saint: Lv Buwei Liu An (Huainanzi)

Farmer: Xu Xingxin Ji Ran (Shen Nong and Ye Lao)

Novelists: Qu Yuan, Song Yu (Li Sao, Jiu Bian, Goddess Fu, Gao)

"Hundred schools of thought", as the name implies, refers to pre-Qin cultural celebrities such as Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Mozi, Mencius and Xunzi. What about "Hundred Schools"? Is it really no more, no less than one hundred? That's not true. "A hundred schools of thought contend" is an exaggerated statement, which is used to describe the kind of academic debate that people came and went, coughing and spitting, unbridled, lively and interesting, meaning that there were many thinkers at that time. The main figures are Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Xunzi, Lao Zi, Zhuangzi, Liezi, Han Feizi, Shang Yang, Shen Buhai, Xu Xing, Gao Zi, Yang Zi, Gong Sun, Keiko, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Zhang Yi, Su Qin, Tian Pian, Shen Zi, Yin Wen, Zou Yan, Yan Zi, Lv Buwei, Guan Zi, Guiguzi.

This is a catalogue of stories in which a hundred schools of thought contend, and all the representatives are here.

Chapter I Confucianism

Kong Zi 00 1

Sages are wise and broad-minded. Why do you want to travel around the world? "Yan Hui, when you get rich, I will be your driver."

Mengzi 0 13.

Meng Mu's three actions and awesome spirit can't get rid of the fate of being dismissed.

Xunzi ...................................... 02 1

His two students, Han Feizi and Li Si, advised him to study.

Yan Zi ... 030.

Two peaches kill three scholars, don't dislike ugly wives, and refuse to be husbands.

Gaozi ......................... 038

Advocate that "there is no distinction between good and bad in nature"

Chapter II mohists

Mozi ............................. 040

The swordsman who challenged the empire traveled around the world, intervened in other people's affairs, and burned books to bury Confucianism: Mohism was the first to bear the brunt.

Chapter III Taoism

Lao Zi .............................................................................................................................. 050.

The dragon sees the head but not the tail. It was forced to write the Tao Te Ching. People fell down. Write a postscript for the Tao Te Ching: the words are not beautiful, and the words are not believed.

Zhuangzi 058.

Be a turtle shaking its head and tail in the mud. My wife is dead, and I can still sing in a broken basin. Debate on "Three Swords" and "Children are not Fish". Without fun, you can save your life by doing nothing.

Liezi ........................... 074

The secret of "going against the wind": foolish old man and wise old man, refusing improper happiness and learning to shoot by Liezi.

Andy 079.

"A drop in the bucket": I took the lead in shouting the slogan "For me" and was reprimanded by Laozi.

Ching Tien 086

The famous "Mr Xia Ji"

Chapter IV Legalists

Everything was done by Han Feizi, ............................................... 089.

Jealous by Reese, he was forced to commit suicide by taking poison. Rivers and lakes are sinister, and people's hearts are even more sinister.

Shangyang ............................. 096

When Shang Yang met Qin Xiaogong's "South Gate Migration Wood"

Reese ...............................................................................................................................................................................

Determined to become a "rich granary", the mouse won the position of prime minister of the empire, burning books to bury Confucianism, and extremes meet.

Shen Buhai 1 1 10.

Shen Buhai used "technique", while Han Zhaohou used "technique" and reform.

Shenzi ........................... 1 18

The legalist school is represented by the "potential" school.

Pipe ............................. 122

Guan Bao, a great saint, has been passed down through the ages. Huan Gong, the son of archery, acceded to the throne and recommended Guan Zhong as prime minister.

Chapter V Famous Artists

Gongsunlongzi .............................................................................................................................................................................

White horse, Ma Fei, Gong Sunlong, Gong Sunlong.

leniency

Make good friends with Zhuangzi.

Song Shuo ..................................... 14 1

"Don't be vulgar, don't be adorned" and "Don't attack sleeping soldiers"

.........................., Yin Wen 145

Advocate "forgiveness" and emphasize inner cultivation.

Chapter VI Saint

.........................., Lv Buwei 148

"Strange goods can live", power is in the ruling and opposition, wishful thinking has been realized, and Gao Zhen has no choice but to commit suicide

Chapter VII Strategist

............................, Su Qin 158

Why do you want to "hang the beam and stab the stock" and successfully lobby the six countries for golden words and jade words?

Zhang Yi ... Zhang ... Zhang ... Zhang

Honey, is my tongue still there? "A gentleman is angry and the world is afraid" lobbies the world and makes Lian Heng a success.

Guiguzi ............................... 172

Why are you doing this? What does the book Guiguzi say?

Chapter VIII Farmhouse

..................................., Xu Hang 182

Debate on "Unity of Knowledge and Practice", "Agriculture" and "Confucianism"

Chapter IX Military strategist

Sun Tzu 185.

Grandchildren's family: fighting to kill beautiful women

................................................., Bin Sun 19 1

Be whipped and abused

Chapter 10 Yin and Yang Family

Zou Yan ............................ 196

The leader of the Yin and Yang family is highly valued by the governors.