The Origin of Taoism and Its Development in the Eastern Han Dynasty (Topic Purpose Form)

China10k/trad/history/2/24/24h/24h0101Taoism was formally founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but its origin is very long. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, nature, ghosts and gods, ancestor worship, divination and witchcraft were popular in China. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, immortals were very popular. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the theory of Huang Lao became the dominant political thought, so some people gradually combined Taoist thought with immortal magic to create a kind of "Huang Lao Dao". They respect Laozi, the founder of Taoism, as their ancestor, and call those who spread their theories or seek immortality through alchemy "Taoists", thus gradually becoming a theoretical and systematic religion. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wudou Mi Dao and Taiping Dao were developed, and the main classic was Taiping Jing. According to records, Zhang Ling, a native of Pei Guofeng, wrote 24 Taoist books according to the Taiping Jing, calling himself "Tai Qing Xuan Yuan" and founded a sect. Because all participants have to pay five buckets of rice as admission fee, it is called "five buckets of rice road". At the same time, Julu (now southwest of Pingxiang, Hebei Province) Zhang Jiao used water to exorcise evil spirits and treat diseases, and organized "Taiping Road". Later, Taiping Road led by Zhang Jiao launched the "Yellow Scarf Uprising", which shook the rule of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It can be seen that the power of religion plays an important role in the history of China. One of the schools of Daoism in Wudou Midao, also known as Shi Tian Daoism. Zhang Ling (later called Zhang Daoling) was founded in Guimingshan, Shu County. Anyone who enters the Taoist temple must pay five buckets of rice, hence the name five buckets of rice road. After Ling's death, Jpua and successively became leaders. Yizhou herding, with Lu as the governor of Sima Yi, and Sima as the same, attacked the satrap of Suzhou Valley in Hanzhong. Lu killed him, so he became "the king's teacher". He ruled Bahan for nearly 30 years. Those who teach methodically and begin to enter the Tao are called "ghost soldiers"; Believers are called "offering wine", and "ghost soldiers" are headed by "offering wine". Many people in the Ministry call it "the big drink offering for curing the head." Believers must absolutely obey their leaders. All the "wine festivals" set up a "house" on the roadside, and built-in "one meter of meat" for pedestrians to eat. Taiping Taoism is a Taoist school in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which was founded by Zhang Jiao, a Julu man, in Xiping years. He preached in Hebei with his brothers Zhang Bao and Sean. Taoists hold nine sticks to draw a mantra and organize Taoists in the name of treating diseases. In the past ten years, the number of believers in Qing, Xu, You, Ji, Jing, Yang, Yan and Yu countries has grown to hundreds of thousands. Zhang Jiao is divided into 36 followers (departments), with more than10,000 generous followers and 6 or 7,000 small followers, each led by a commander-in-chief. Refugees and farmers from all over North China participated. Zhang Jiao launched an uprising in Jiazi period (the first year of Zhong Ping, AD 184). The opening angle is called "Huang Tian", and all the disciples are wrapped in yellow turbans, which is called "Yellow Scarf Army". After the Yellow turban insurrectionary failed, Taiping Road gradually fell into obscurity. Taoist Classic Names in Taiping Jing. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Taoism preached in the name of "Taiping", and the classics also took the name of "Taiping", such as "Taiping Qing Ling Shu" and "Taiping East Ji Jing" by Zhang Ling. These books all died in the end. After Jin Dynasty, Taiping Jing has 10, with a total of 170 volumes, which may be compiled according to Taoist classics such as Taiping Qingling Shu. There are 57 volumes in existence, which are collected in the orthodox Taoist books of the Ming Dynasty. This book is a mixture of Taoism, Yin and Yang, Chen Weishu and Confucianism.