Ancient official position sequence

After Ying Zheng, King of Qin, unified the six countries, according to the legendary name of Huang San, Wang Wan and Li Si were honored as Qin Huang. Ying Zheng decided to adopt the name of the emperor, which means that his achievements can be compared with "Three Emperors and Five Emperors". Since then, feudal monarchs have been called emperors, commonly known as emperors.

A title held by the father of the incumbent emperor who gave way to his son.

Qin Shihuang pursued his father, King Xiang Zhuang, as the Emperor's Father. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, honored his father Taigong as the emperor's father, also known as the "emperor". Emperors of all dynasties passed it on to the prince before his death, and they also called themselves the emperor's father.

The emperor's son-in-law

At first, Xu was just an official position. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Xu as a captain, which means the horse in charge of the auxiliary car. It was originally a kind of near-servant, mostly served by the descendants of imperial clan, consorts and princesses. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, the emperor's son-in-law added this title as usual, referred to as Ma Xu for short, but it was not the actual official position. In Qing dynasty, it was called "frontal attachment".

royal and noble ranks

That is, the titles of Jue and Jue are titles given by ancient emperors to nobles and heroes. According to the old saying, there were five titles in the Zhou Dynasty, namely, public title, Hou title, Bo title, sub-title and male title, and the title system of later generations often varied from time to time. For example, in the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang made both the Prince and the Seven Chivalrous Men kings. There were many "Gong" in Song Dynasty, Kou Zhun was named Lai Guogong, and Wang Anshi was named Jing Guogong; In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shanchang was named "Gong and Bo" and Liu Ji was named "Sincere Bo"; In the Qing Dynasty, Hou and Bo were created, Zeng Guofan was created as the first-class Yi, and Li Hongzhang was created as the first-class Su Yibo.

premier

The person who was responsible to the monarch in feudal times was called the prime minister, and his position was roughly equivalent to that of today's "prime minister" or "prime minister". Slaughter is the master, and phase is the auxiliary meaning.

Prime Minister (ancient China)

He was the highest official position in the feudal bureaucratic system, and he was the person who managed state affairs according to the will of the monarch. Sometimes called, often called the Prime Minister, or "Xiang" for short. For example, The Chen She Family: "What kind of prince would you rather have?"

bachelor

In ancient times, a bachelor's degree was not a degree, but an official name. Scholars in Wei and Jin dynasties were in charge of etiquette, compilation, writing and other affairs, and were generally called bachelors. Different organs have different functions and powers. However, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the bachelor of Diange actually ruled the power of the prime minister and was the highest-ranking "bachelor" in previous dynasties.

doctor

Doctor is also a formal name. During the Six Dynasties, hundred schools of thought, Shi Fu and Shu Shu all had doctors, and Qin and Han dynasties followed this legal position.

imperial physician

Zhou Guan has a doctor in charge of medical laws and regulations. Qin and Han dynasties set up the imperial doctor's order. At the beginning of Han Dynasty, it belonged to Taichang Temple, and later to Shaofu. Later generations generally called the emperor's doctor "Cure too much" or "Imperial Doctor", but forgot his functions and powers as "Minister of Health".

surname

Refers to two official positions. First, in ancient times, a surname, a teacher and a Taibao were called "three publics". Later, most of them added titles to big officials, indicating that they were favored because they had no real jobs. For example, Zhao Pu and Wen Yanbo in the Song Dynasty were once given titles on a surname. Secondly, in ancient times, it was also called Prince Taishi, Prince Taifu and Prince Taibao as the "Three Divisions of the East Palace", all of whom were the teachers of the Prince. Taishi is the abbreviation of Taishi Prince, and later it gradually became a virtual title.

Taifu

See "Taishi". One of the ancient "three fairs". It also refers to one of the "three divisions of the East Palace", and later it gradually became a hollow name.

Shao Bao

Refers to two official positions. First, Shao Shi, Shao Fu and Shao Bao were called "three orphans" in ancient times, and then they gradually became empty names. Secondly, in ancient times, Prince Shao Shi, Prince Shaofu, and Prince Shaobao were called "East Palace and Three Little" and gradually became a hollow name.

minister

It turned out that an official was in charge of the paper memorial. There were no six in the early Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, six departments were designated as officials, households, rituals, soldiers, criminals and workers, and ministers and assistant ministers were the chief officials of each department.

supernatant

In the official system of the Zhou Dynasty, both the emperor and the vassal had ministers, which were divided into upper, middle and lower levels, and the most distinguished one was called "Shangqing".

senior general

Pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasties are the highest titles of generals. For example, Emperor Gaozu took Han Xin as the general, and Emperor Wudi took Wei Qing as the general. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it gradually became a virtual title without a real position. The position of general was established during the Ming and Qing wars and abolished after the war.

Assistant Administrator of China

Also known as "participation in politics". He was one of the highest government officials in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and was called "Zaizhi" with Tongping, Tang and Bianmi.

State Councilor

The Ministry of War was the administrative organization that assisted the emperor in the Qing Dynasty. Generally, a prince, a university student, a minister of history, an assistant minister or an envoy of Beijing and Tang Dynasties are concurrently appointed as ministers of military aircraft. Military ministers range from three or four to six or seven, and are called "pivot ministers".

Zhang Jing military aircraft

See "Minister of Military Affairs". He is an official of the military department and a subordinate of the military minister. He is called a "small military plane".

surname

Originally a historian, after the Qin Dynasty, he was appointed as the suggestion, and his position was only the second prime minister, in charge of impeachment and picketing the faults of officials.

stone

The head of the Privy Council. In the Tang Dynasty, it was held by eunuchs and later by ministers. The Privy Council is one of the highest state organs in charge of important military affairs, and the power of envoys in the Tang Dynasty is equivalent to that of prime ministers. Military ministers in the Qing Dynasty are usually called "Tang secretaries".

Left picture

The official name of Chu in the Warring States period is equivalent to the name of later generations. The main duty is to advise the emperor and recommend talents.

The highest government official in charge of military affairs (in feudal China)

Names of official posts before Yuan Dynasty. He was the highest military attache who assisted the emperor and was called Fu in the Han Dynasty. The highest military attache in Song Dynasty.

Shang doctor

The official names in the pre-Qin Dynasty were lower than those in the Qing Dynasty.

doctor

Different dynasties refer to different contents, and sometimes they can refer to important positions in central organs, such as ancient historians and admonishers.

Scholar-bureaucrat (in feudal China)

In the old days, it mostly referred to officials or intellectuals with prestige and status.

Court historian

During the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty, he was a court minister, occupying a high position, in charge of drafting documents, planning princes and ministers, recording historical events, and also in charge of classics, calendars, sacrifices and other things. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Taishi Order was set up, and the scope of responsibilities gradually narrowed and the status gradually decreased.

Changshi

During the Qin dynasty, he was an official of the prime minister. For example, Reese is a long history, equivalent to the secretary-general of the prime minister. After the Han dynasty, he became a general's officer and an aide.

Vice chairman of one of the six boards.

At first, I was a court attendant. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, he became an official of Shangshu. In the Tang Dynasty, the assistant minister was the deputy assistant minister of three provinces (Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu) (see Six Departments of Three Provinces for details).

Shi zhong

Originally, he was one of the officials outside the official position. Because the attendants around the emperor, the status is getting higher and higher, and the level exceeds the assistant minister.

Langzhong was a court bodyguard in the Warring States period. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, he became a senior official and assistant minister below Shangshu, in charge of various departments' affairs.

join the army

The abbreviation of "Staff Military Affairs" was originally the military staff of the Prime Minister. After the Jin Dynasty, his status gradually declined, and he became the aides of kings and generals, and gradually became a local official after the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Lingyin

During the Warring States period, the chief executive in charge of military and political power in Chu was equivalent to the prime minister. Ming and Qing dynasties refer to county orders.

Ancient official title

See Lingyin. During the Warring States Period, Zuo Yin and You Yin were the assistants of Ling Yin of Chu State, and Zuo Yin's position was slightly higher than that of You Yin. It is also the general name of ancient officials, such as Jing, Henan Yin, and County Yin.

surname

A military attache ranking second only to a general.

Tong Qing

Taipusi Qing's nickname is in charge of the emperor's chariots, horses and livestock.

surname

Different dynasties refer to different official positions. During the Warring States period, he was an adjutant in charge of military administration and military tax, and in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, he was a prefect (secretariat) officer of prefectures and counties.

Military Commissioner

In the Tang dynasty, the military and political directors of several States were originally only located in border States; After that, the mainland also set up bureaus in various places, resulting in a separatist situation.

Economic envoy

Also known as "economy". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, he was the military chief of the frontier defense, juxtaposed with the viceroy. When there were important military tasks in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they specialized in running, and their official positions were higher than those of the governor.

The governor of a province or region.

Originally the official name of the governor, he became the highest military and political chief of the county after the Eastern Han Dynasty, sometimes called the satrap.

senior officer

See the article "Historical Secretariat". Also known as the "county chief", he is the chief executive of a county.

Military commander

See the article "Running a Task". The official name of the officer or general in charge of the army, in some dynasties, the local chief is also called "commander in chief", which is equivalent to the secretariat of our time or county.

Inspector (Ming Dynasty)

The early Ming Dynasty refers to the places visited by Beijing officials. In the Qing dynasty, he officially became a provincial governor, with a position slightly lower than that of the governor. Posthumous title's "Fuyuan", "Futai" and "Fujun".

captain

In the Han dynasty, it was second only to the general's official position. After the Tang Dynasty, its status gradually declined.

Chief military instructor

An official who directed martial arts in the Song Dynasty.

Raise jurisdiction

The official name of the state and county military attache in the Song Dynasty was responsible for training the army and supervising and catching thieves.

employ oneself in/engage in

Family members personally appointed by the central or local governors are also called "practitioners".

Prefect (formerly)

That is, "satrap", also known as "known"

head of a county

The chief executive of a county is also called "the magistrate of a county".

Li Zheng

Ancient town officials were a mile long.

Richu

Tolerance of managing village affairs.

Extended data:

Ancient official rank is ancient official position, involving official name, official name, official position and so on. The situation in each dynasty is different. Generally, it can be divided into two categories: central bureau and local bureau.

1, central office

The State of Qin set up a central organization consisting of the Prime Minister, Qiu and an ancient scholar. The prime minister is in charge of administration, Qiu is in charge of military affairs, and the censor is in charge of supervision and secretarial work.

The Han dynasty generally followed the Qin system and was called the Three Fairs. There were nine ministers in charge of all aspects of government affairs, which evolved into three provinces and six ministries in the Sui Dynasty.

The three provinces are Zhongshu (decision-making), Menxia (deliberation) and Shangshu (implementation), and the governors of the three provinces are all prime ministers. Song dynasty expanded the authority of Zhongshu province, and the Privy Council was divided into civil and military powers. Under the door, ministers save waste. The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was the highest administrative body, with the minister as assistant minister and the chief minister as video (that is, prime minister). In the military department of the Qing Dynasty, Wang, Gong and Shang Shu were ministers of military aircraft, who were in charge of state affairs.

The six departments refer to the "official department, which is in charge of the appointment, removal, assessment and promotion of officials; The Ministry is responsible for land registration, taxation and finance; Ministry of rites, in charge of ceremonies, imperial examinations, schools and other affairs; Ministry of war, in charge of military affairs; The penal department, in charge of judicial prisons; The Ministry of Industry is in charge of engineering construction, water conservancy and other matters. " The minister is a minister and the deputy minister is an assistant minister. There are practitioners, deputy foreign ministers and subordinate officials in charge.

In addition, the central government also has specialized agencies and officials responsible for managing books, editing history and making calendars. For example, Sima Qian and Zhang Heng served as Taishiling. Gao Qi edited The History of Hanlin.

2. Local official positions

The main administrative areas in Qin and Han Dynasties were counties. Chief, Qin said chief, Korea said satrap. The main administrative area of Sui and Tang Dynasties was Zhou, which was called the secretariat by state officials, and its subordinate officials were Chang Shi and Sima. In the Tang dynasty, in some important military towns, our officials were appointed, including marching horses, staff officers and secretaries. In Song Dynasty, state officials were called breg and county officials were called breg. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the state was changed to the government, which was called the magistrate.

In addition, there were also counties in the Han Dynasty, and the world was divided into thirteen counties, all of which were basically monitoring areas. The central government sent officials to spy on the situation, calling it a secretariat. In the Tang dynasty, the whole country was divided into twenty-two roads, also known as prison areas, and the central government sent officials to patrol and called ambassadors. In the Song Dynasty, the whole country was divided into more than 20 channels, and several departments were responsible for all aspects of affairs. In the Yuan Dynasty, the highest local administrative organization was called the book province in China, and in the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed the Chengxuan Bureaucracy Department, and it is still called "province" in custom.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-ancient official rank