What are the teaching methods of mathematics?

Question 1: What kinds of teaching methods are commonly used in primary school mathematics? (1) Teaching method Teaching method is a way for teachers to systematically impart knowledge to students by oral language. Teaching method is one of the oldest teaching methods, and it is also the most widely used and universal teaching method in the world so far. The basic form of teaching method is that teachers speak and students listen. Specifically, it can be divided into three ways: telling, reading and explaining.

Narrator: The teacher tells and describes things and phenomena to the students.

Interpretation: Teachers explain, explain and demonstrate concepts, principles and formulas to students.

Speaking and reading: Teachers use textbooks to read and speak.

There is no strict boundary between the above three methods, and they are often used in combination in teaching activities.

The advantage of this teaching method is that it enables students to acquire a large amount of systematic knowledge in a short time, which is conducive to giving play to the leading role of teachers and helping teaching activities to be carried out purposefully and planned. The disadvantage of teaching method is that it is easy to bind students, which is not conducive to students' active and conscious learning, and relies heavily on teachers' personal language literacy.

Teachers should pay attention to the following points when using this teaching method.

1. Ensure the scientific and ideological content of the lecture. The concepts, principles, facts and viewpoints taught by teachers must be correct, which requires teachers to prepare lessons and teach with heart.

2. Teaching should be clear and focused. Only with clear logic can students understand clearly.

3. Pay attention to language art .. Teachers' language level directly determines the effect of teaching methods, and they must constantly pay attention to and improve their language literacy. First of all, the language should be clear, accurate and concise, both logical and clear; Secondly, we should strive to be vivid and infectious, which is especially important for primary school students; Thirdly, pay attention to the level of pronunciation, the speed of speech, and the cadence.

4. Pay attention to cooperate with other teaching methods. The attention time of primary school students is limited, so it is difficult to achieve good results by using this teaching method completely in the whole classroom. Teachers should be good at using this teaching method alternately with other teaching methods and means to avoid students' fatigue and inattention caused by listening for a long time.

(2) Talking methods

Conversation is a teaching method that teachers guide students to acquire knowledge through comparison, analysis, judgment and other thinking activities in the form of oral questions and answers according to students' existing knowledge and experience. The basic form of conversational approach is that students learn through independent thinking under the guidance of teachers.

The advantage of heart-to-heart talk method is that it can fully stimulate students' active thinking, promote students' independent thinking, play a positive role in the development of students' intelligence, and also help students to exercise and improve their language expression ability. The disadvantage of talking method is that it takes more time to complete the same teaching task than teaching method. In addition, when the number of students is large, it is difficult to take care of every student. Therefore, the conversation method is often combined with other methods such as teaching method.

Teachers should pay attention to the following points when using the conversation method.

1. Be fully prepared. What do you talk about? What questions were asked? Which students to ask? And what kind of answers students might give? How to guide students to ask further questions? Wait, teachers should think carefully and arrange in advance.

2. Talk to all the students. Although dialogue can only be conducted between teachers and individual students, teachers can still attract all students through their efforts. First of all, the content of the conversation should be a common and important problem that can attract the attention of all students in teaching. Secondly, teachers should make the interviewees as representative as possible, such as choosing students of different levels. Thirdly, give appropriate explanations and explanations as a supplement during the conversation.

3. Make a summary at the end of the dialogue. In conversation, students' understanding and mastery can't be expressed accurately and concisely. Therefore, in the last stage of the conversation, teachers should use standardized and scientific expressions to summarize the knowledge gained by students through the conversation, so as to strengthen their own gains.

(3) Discussion method

Under the guidance of teachers, discussion is a teaching method in which students express and exchange opinions around a certain problem and acquire knowledge through mutual inspiration, discussion and consultation. The basic form of discussion method is that students learn through independent thinking and communication under the guidance of teachers.

The advantage of discussion method is that students with similar age and development level are easy to stimulate interest and active thinking, which helps them to listen, compare and think different opinions, and on this basis, they can think independently and promote the development of thinking ability. In addition, the discussion method can generally give every student the opportunity to express his views and opinions, arouse the enthusiasm of all students and effectively promote the development of students' oral ability. Disadvantages of discussion method >>

Question 2: What are the teaching methods commonly used in middle school mathematics teaching under the concept of new curriculum standard? 1) teaching method is a way for teachers to impart knowledge to students through oral language. Teaching methods include telling, explaining, reading and speaking. When teachers use various teaching methods to teach, most of them are accompanied by teaching methods. This is the most commonly used teaching method in China.

2) Talking about the law is also called the question-and-answer method. It is a way for teachers to ask students questions according to certain teaching requirements, ask students to answer them, and guide students to acquire or consolidate knowledge through questions and answers. Speaking is especially helpful to stimulate students' thinking, arouse their enthusiasm for learning and cultivate their ability of independent thinking and language expression. Conversation is a common method in junior high schools, especially in the lower grades of primary schools.

Conversation methods can be divided into retrospective conversation and enlightening conversation. Reviewing heart-to-heart talk is to ask a series of questions to students according to the textbooks they have learned, and to help students review, deepen and systematize what they have learned through questions and answers between teachers and students. Enlightening conversation is to guide students to think deeply and explore new knowledge step by step by asking them questions they have thought about.

3) Demonstration teaching is a way for teachers to show physical or visual teaching AIDS to students, or to conduct demonstration experiments, gain perceptual knowledge through actual observation, and explain and confirm what they have taught.

Demonstration teaching can make students gain vivid and intuitive perceptual knowledge, deepen their impression of the learning object, connect the theoretical knowledge in books with practical things, and form correct and profound concepts; Can provide some vivid perceptual materials, stimulate students' interest in learning, concentrate students' attention, help students understand, remember and consolidate what they have learned; It can enable students to think through observation and thinking, and develop their abilities of observation, imagination and thinking.

4) Practice Method Practice method is a teaching method in which students repeatedly complete certain actions or activities under the guidance of teachers, relying on conscious control and correction, thus forming skills, skills or behavior habits. From the physiological mechanism, through practice, students can form a certain dynamic stereotype in the nervous system, thus successfully completing certain activities. Exercises are widely used in the teaching of various disciplines, especially instrumental disciplines (such as Chinese, foreign languages, mathematics, etc.). ) and technical subjects (such as sports, music, art, etc. Practice plays an important role in consolidating knowledge, guiding students to apply knowledge to practice, developing students' ability and forming students' moral quality.

5) Reading instruction method

Reading guidance method is a method for teachers to guide students to acquire or consolidate knowledge by reading textbooks and reference books. Students master book knowledge, of course, depends on the teacher's teaching, but also depends on their own reading and understanding, in order to digest, consolidate and expand knowledge. In particular, only through independent reading can students master reading methods, improve their self-study ability and develop good reading habits.

6) Classroom discussion method

Under the guidance of teachers, classroom discussion is a teaching organization and teaching method that students discuss and debate together after thinking independently about the basic theories or major difficult problems in textbooks, which can be carried out in the whole class or large groups.

7) Experimental method Experimental method is a teaching method in which students use certain equipment and materials to control the operation process of conditions under the guidance of teachers, so that the experimental objects will change and gain new knowledge or verify knowledge from observing these changes. Experiment is an important method in the teaching of physics, chemistry, biology, geography and knowledge of nature. General experiments are conducted in laboratories, biological or agricultural experimental parks. Some experiments can also be done in the classroom. With the development of modern natural science, experimental methods have emerged. With the rapid development of modern science and technology and experimental means, experimental methods play an increasingly important role. Through experiments, students can connect some direct knowledge with book knowledge, thus obtaining relatively complete knowledge and cultivating students' independent exploration ability, experimental operation ability and scientific research interest. It is an indispensable condition to improve the teaching quality of natural science related disciplines.

8) Heuristic teaching can be embodied in the form of questions and answers, lectures and exercises; It can also be realized through the vivid narration of teachers, which makes students associate and leave a deep impression. Therefore, inspiration is a kind of teaching thought that has guiding significance for all kinds of teaching methods and activities, and heuristic teaching method is a teaching method to carry out inspiring teaching thought. In other words, no matter what teaching method, as long as the idea of inspiring teaching is implemented, it is a heuristic teaching method, otherwise it is not a heuristic teaching method.

9) Practice method Practice method means that teachers organize students to carry out practical learning activities inside and outside the school according to the requirements of the syllabus, and put book knowledge into practice ... >>

Question 3: What kinds of teaching methods are commonly used in math class? Teachers describe and explain things and phenomena to students.

Interpretation: Teachers explain, explain and demonstrate concepts, principles and formulas to students.

Speaking and reading: Teachers use textbooks to read and speak at the same time.

Question 4: What are the methods and strategies of mathematics teaching in primary schools?

The so-called teaching strategy is the teaching means and methods adopted in order to achieve the teaching purpose and complete the teaching content. Effective teaching strategies are the theoretical support of mathematics teaching in primary schools. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to explore effective teaching strategies today when curriculum reform is fully implemented and quality education is promoted. What are the effective teaching strategies? Combined with my study and teaching practice, I want to talk about some views:

First, spread the situation and cultivate interest.

Tolstoy once said: "Successful teaching needs not compulsion, but stimulating students' interest in learning". Interest is the psychological tendency of people to explore certain activities, and it is an important driving force to promote people to know things and explore the truth. So some people say, "Interest is the best teacher." "Situation" is essentially an artificially optimized environment in which children are encouraged to actively participate. Junior students are very curious and easily stimulated and excited by external conditions. Therefore, a reasonable learning environment can stimulate children's interest in learning.

1, story guidance, creating problem situations and stimulating interest.

Successful class guidance can quickly focus students' attention, stimulate students' interest in learning, urge students to enter a training state eager to learn, and lay a good foundation for the whole class teaching. By learning classroom interest, the key is that teachers should have an "interesting" class. Therefore, we should combine pleasant and effective things with teaching content to stimulate students' curiosity. Because of curiosity, they can only explore and create. According to the content of the textbook, teachers can design and introduce some stories closely related to the content. For example, when teaching the cognitive score (one point) of the sixth volume of primary school mathematics of Beijing Normal University, I guided the whole class like this: Teacher: "Our class is really lively today! Look, who else did the teacher bring? " Show the blue cat in the courseware. Blue Cat: "Hi! Hello, I'm your friend Blue Cat. Today I want to take you to Adventure Island for treasure hunting. Do you want to go? " Seeing the familiar blue cat looking for treasure, the students' interest was immediately aroused. Then I arranged for them to set out with Blue Cat, and met the plot of a big woodpecker sharing the cake, which aroused everyone's dissatisfaction and caused this question: How much is fair for two people to share? What can you do? Some students replied: average score, one person half. Teacher: Can you use a number to represent half? At the same time, it stimulates students' interest in learning and enhances their thirst for knowledge.

2. Create operational plots to stimulate interest in learning.

According to the active and curious psychological characteristics of primary school students, teachers can organize some student-centered activities in primary school mathematics classroom teaching, measure, demonstrate or operate some practical problems by themselves, so that students can use their hands and brains to obtain learning results, which can not only consolidate and flexibly use what they have learned, but also improve their operating ability and cultivate their innovative spirit.

When I was teaching the sixth volume of primary school mathematics in Beijing Normal University, I arranged two operating situations. One is to draw a rectangle, a square, a circle, leaves, clothes and half of a hexagonal piece of paper. The second is to use circular, rectangular and square pieces of paper to create other music scores by folding and painting.

Children often think in operation. Students improve their operation and experience the process of knowledge development. They understand and master the methods and ways to explore knowledge, so that students can fully display their talents in operation activities, enhance their desire for practical exploration and cultivate their interest in learning mathematics, thus helping to promote students' active exploration and change "learning" into "learning".

3. Create a competitive environment to stimulate fun and learning.

According to the characteristics of mathematics and pupils' psychological characteristics of being active, innovative, curious and competitive, I often create competitive situations in the classroom, introduce competitive mechanisms, and properly carry out some game competitions for most students, so as to create a competitive and successful opportunity for students. Put new knowledge into the game competition, and make students thirst for new knowledge through the game competition, so that students' attention is in a highly concentrated state, acquire knowledge in the game, develop their ability and improve their interest in learning. Encourage more in teaching, create opportunities for students to show themselves and express themselves, and promote all students to compete, learn and catch up. Use competition to eliminate the boring feeling in class, thus stimulating students' interest in learning. For example, after studying the mixed operation of Book 4 of Beijing Normal University Edition, I arranged such a game link: each person plays a playing card in a group of four, and whoever works out 24 cards first gets this card, and whoever gets the most cards in the end ... >>

Question 5: What are the teaching methods of mathematics? At present, the commonly used teaching methods in primary and secondary schools in China mainly include: the teaching method of obtaining indirect experience in the form of language, the teaching method of obtaining experience in the form of intuition, and the teaching method of forming skills and skills in the form of practical training. These teaching methods are often adopted, mainly because they have extremely important use value and play a specific role in improving teaching quality. However, no teaching method is omnipotent. It requires teachers to master the characteristics, functions, applicable scope and conditions of various common teaching methods, as well as the problems that should be paid attention to, so as to make them play an effective role in teaching practice.

(A) the method of obtaining indirect experience in the form of language.

This teaching method refers to the teaching method mainly through oral language activities of teachers and students and students' independent reading of written language. It mainly includes: teaching method, talking method, discussion method and reading guide method.

1 teaching method

Teaching method is a teaching method in which teachers describe situations, facts, concepts, principles and laws to students in oral language.

2 Conversation method

Talk method, also known as answer method. It is a way to spread and learn knowledge through the conversation between teachers and students. Its characteristic is that teachers guide students to use existing experience and knowledge to answer teachers' questions, so as to acquire new knowledge or consolidate and check what they have learned.

3 discussion method

Discussion method is a way for the whole class or group to express their opinions, discuss with each other, inspire each other and brainstorm around a central issue under the guidance of teachers.

4. Demonstration method

Demonstration is a teaching method in which teachers show physical objects or physical models to students for observation, or through demonstration experiments and modern teaching methods, so that students can acquire knowledge updates. It is an auxiliary teaching method, which is often used together with lectures, conversations and discussions.

Step 5 Practice methods

Exercise method is a basic method for students to consolidate knowledge and cultivate various learning skills under the guidance of teachers, and it is also an important practical activity in the process of students' learning.

6. Experimental method

Experimental method is a teaching method in which students use certain equipment and materials under the guidance of teachers to control the operation of experimental objects to cause some changes, and gain new knowledge or verify knowledge from observing these changes. It is also a common method in natural science.

7. Practice method (or practice method)

Practice method is a teaching method in which students take part in certain practical work in a certain practice place in order to master certain skills and related direct knowledge, or verify indirect knowledge, and comprehensively apply what they have learned.

The development trend of mathematics teaching methods in primary schools

First, to develop students' intelligence as the starting point, and strive for the best combination of knowledge imparting and ability training.

Thinking ability is the core of intelligence, and primary school mathematics is the most basic subject to develop students' thinking ability. Therefore, developing students' intelligence will naturally become the characteristics of the times and the development trend of the reform of mathematics teaching methods in primary schools.

In recent years, China emphasized the importance of developing students' intelligence and cultivating students' ability in teaching. While emphasizing the importance of developing intelligence, we do not deny the necessity of imparting knowledge. For example, after advocating the use of guided discovery method in primary school mathematics teaching, Andrew Hill in the United States pointed out that teachers also need to teach students the names of concepts, how to make equations, how to solve problems vertically, and so on. After students discover the concept and summarize it, they should also point out its characteristics by means of explanation and discuss its details appropriately. Morrow and others in the former Soviet Union emphasized in the Teaching Method of Primary Mathematics: "We should pay more attention to those teaching methods that can promote and mobilize the enthusiasm of students' cognitive activities, and at the same time, we should reasonably evaluate the role of those methods (oral explanations, etc.). ) It is related to teachers imparting knowledge in the form of formation. " The author also reformed the explanation method to stimulate students' enthusiasm for thinking. In particular, we have made many useful explorations in how to tap the internal intelligence factors in textbooks, organically combine the teaching of basic mathematics knowledge in daily teaching, and carry out systematic thinking training, and are striving to establish orderly training of mathematical thinking in primary schools.

Second, emphasize that students are the main body of learning, give play to the leading role of teachers, and strive for the best combination of teaching and learning.

Traditional teaching theory emphasizes the leading role of teachers and ignores the main role of students in learning. In line with this, we advocate teaching methods. For example, in Pedagogy edited by Kailov, it is clearly stated: "Teaching plays a leading role in the teaching process." The modern teaching theory is ...

Question 6: What kinds of multimedia teaching methods are there in primary school mathematics teaching, blackboard writing?

In-kind teaching, make bonus points policy for students and reward small gifts.

There are many ways.

Question 7: What are the teaching methods?

Teaching methods include: lectures, discussions, visual demonstrations, exercises, reading guidance, task-driven, visiting teaching, on-site teaching, autonomous learning and so on.

Wish you a happy life!

Question 8: What are the basic behaviors and cognitive orientations of students in completing their learning tasks? It does not refer to specific learning strategies and methods, but the basic characteristics of students in autonomy, inquiry and cooperation.

1. Initiative, 2. Independence, 3. Unique, 4. Experience, 5. Question, 6. Interaction, 7. Generation.